C. Proteins can be extracted from waste cooking water, providing nutrients for starving nations.

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1 Biology Review : The Arthropods Complete this assignment using the following resources: Chapters 36 & 37 in your text book, the book Creepy Crawlies (C.C.), articles found in class on the black table (which are also on the shared folder), the book called Eyewitness: Insect, and video clips. Match the response on the right with the term on the left. 1. E pheromone (fare-o-moan) A. a process involving the shedding of the exoskeleton 2. J chitin (ky-tin) B. openings in the exoskeleton that allow air to pass through 3. I mimicry (see C.C. pg.38-41) C. bright, reflective coloration exhibited by many insects 4. B spiracles D. structures on the abdomen of some Arachnids that produce silk 5. H metamorphosis E. a chemical produced by insects that is used for communication 6. C iridescence (see C.C. pg. 30) F. having many lenses 7. A molting G. structures on Arachnids that are used for communication 8. G pedipalps H. a series of changes an insect goes through during its life 9. F compound eye I. pretending to look like other things; alive or dead 10. D spinnerets J. an Arthropod s exoskeleton is made of this material Match the group of Arthropods with their characteristics (See C.C. pgs ) 11. D_ Arachnids 12. A_ Centipedes 13. B_ Millipedes 14. E_ Crustaceans 15. C Insects A. one pair of legs (per body segment). Poisonous carnivores B. two pair of legs ( per body segment). Harmless herbivores C. three pair of legs. Butterflies, Ants, Bees, Termites, Beetles D. four pair of legs. Spiders, Scorpions, Ticks and Mites E. five (or more) pair of legs. Crabs, Shrimp, Lobster Select the best ending for each statement an then circle it After you have read the article Protective Properties of Chitin (pronounced ky-tin ), explain THREE applications of how this material can be used to improve the quality of human lives. A. Surgical sutures and an artificial skin product have been developed that seems to speed up the healing process in burn victims. B. A water soluble spray (NOCC) is applied to fruits, slowing down the ripening process. C. Proteins can be extracted from waste cooking water, providing nutrients for starving nations. 19. The word Arthropod means (A) soft body (B) jointed leg (C) winged insect (D) egg producer (E) flat body 20. Arthropods that live as parasites on dogs, cattle, and humans are (A) barnacles (B) scorpions (C) millipedes (D) ticks 21. A disease transmitted by the organism you identified in #20 is called _Lymes Disease. ( you would do well to look up some information on this so you know how to avoid getting it and what the symptoms are should you become infected.) See C.C. page 78

2 22. Each of the following is a characteristic of all Arthropods except (A) the ability to spin webs (B) an exoskeleton (C) jointed legs (D) a segmented body 23. Chelicerae (pronounced key liss - er ay) (A) are a characteristic common to all arachnids (B) are used by centipedes to poison prey (C) are claw like fangs used for injecting venom into prey (D) all of the above 24. During courtship, a male spider must be careful that the female spider does not (A) lay too many eggs (B) break his pedipalps (C) put him to work (D) eat him 25. Approximately what fraction of all animals are Arthropods? (A) 75% (B) 50% (C) 25% (D) 10% What are the pros and cons of having an exoskeleton? (See C.C. pg. 10) Pro: The advantages are that it protects against dehydration for those that live on land, and as a watertight structure for those that live underwater. Con: The disadvantage is that they cannot grow unless they molt their shell, leaving them vulnerable to predation. ( it can also be a source of embarrassment if you have molted right before a reunion with friends who have not seen you for some time) You defined what molting is in #7 on the first page. The graph below shows the relationship between molting and mortality (death rates) for crabs throughout the year. Use the graph to answer questions 28 & During which months are you most likely to find crabs molting? (A) January through March (B) April through June (C) July through September (D) September through January 29. What is the relationship between molting and mortality (dying)? (A) Molting increases mortality (B) Molting decreases mortality (C) Molting has not effect on mortality (D) Molting and mortality show the closest relationship in winter months * After reading page 750 in your text and pgs in Creepy Crawlies, answer 34

3 Mimicry, or camouflage, can be used for offense or defense. Provide an example of how an animal would use this kind of deception in each case (offensively & defensively). Read the article Snake Eyes to answer this question. Mimicry (definition) - the close external resemblance of an animal or plant (or part of one) to another animal, plant, or inanimate object. As an offensive strategy, an organism would use mimicry to launch an attack on an unsuspecting creature. As a defensive strategy, mimicry would be used to escape detection by a predator Explain the global success of insects. Refer page 742 in your textbook and the video in class 1. They reproduce often and in large numbers 2. They can live in almost any habitat 3. Specialized mouthparts adapted for different foods. 4. Wings allowed them to colonize many different land environments 5. Insect colonies like bees, termites and ants show the benefits of cooperation 6. Camouflage, mimicry and deception 7. Communicate in many ways using color, sound, touch and pheromones 8. Various defensive strategies 9. Exoskeleton protects them and waterproofs them.

4 *After reading pages , answer questions by writing the word drone, worker or queen. 42. WORKER A. communicates with other members through dancing 43. DRONE B. males 44. QUEEN C. only one in the colony 45. WORKER D. feed honey to the drones 46. DRONE E. tongues are too short to gather nectar 47. DRONE F. develops from an unfertilized egg (this means it has only half the number or chromosomes!) 48. WORKER G. fan wings into the hive to cool it 49. QUEEN H. develops from special treatment of the egg 50. QUEEN I. releases a chemical that prevents others from being fertile After reading the article Insect Munchies and Bug-a-licious, explain THREE advantages of making insects a regular part of one s diet. Provide a thorough explanation, not just a list. Insects are high in protein, calcium and iron; all important nutrients for human growth and development You can raise more insects on less resources than it takes to develop cattle, chicken or pork products. By eating insects, we could dramatically reduce the amount of pesticides that are used. This is better for the environment and our health in general Depending on how they are prepared, insects can taste really good! After reading Life Savers answer the following questions using complete sentences. A. How do horseshoe crabs contribute to human health and safety? The blood of horseshoe crabs is used to detect whether substances that are used by people are contaminated with dangerous bacteria. B. What happens when horseshoe-crab blood comes into contact with gram negative bacteria? When the blood contacts a gram negative bacteria, it forms a clot. This reaction is used as a test to see if a substance is safe for people or not.

5 C. What are two measures taken to make sure the same horseshoe crab is not caught several times in one year? Why is this important? B. 1. Crabs that were just bled are tagged so if they are captured too soon they can be put back. 2. Crabs that were just bled are taken to a different location from where they were originally captured and then released.