Prazosin apollo

Transcription

1 Prazosin apollo Prazosin apollo Prazosin CAS Number : Molecular Formula : C19H21N5O4 Molecular Weight : g/mol Systematic (IUPAC) : 2-{4-[(furan-2- yl)carbonyl]piperazin-1-yl}-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4- amine Type : small molecule

2 Description Prazosin is a selective α-1-adrenergic receptor antagonist used to treat hypertension. It has also been used to decrease urinary obstruction and relieve symptoms associated with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. α1-receptors mediate contraction and hypertrophic growth of smooth muscle cells. Antagonism of these receptors leads to smooth muscle relaxation in the peripheral vasculature and prostate gland. Prazosin has also been used in conjunction with cardiac glycosides and diuretics in the management of severe congestive heart failure. It has also been used alone or in combination with β-blockers in the preoperative management of signs and symptoms of pheochromocytoma. Categories Antihypertensive Agents Adrenergic alpha-antagonists Alpha-adrenergic Blocking Agents Taxonomy Kingdom : Organic Classes Quinazolines Substructures Quinazolines Phenols and Derivatives

3 Amino Ketones Aliphatic and Aryl Amines Piperazines Ethers Benzene and Derivatives Pyrimidines and Derivatives Catechols Heterocyclic compounds Aromatic compounds Anisoles Carboxamides and Derivatives Furans Cyanamides Phenyl Esters Pharmacology Indication : For treatment of hypertension, symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia, and severe congestive heart failure. May also be used alone or in combination with β-blockers in the preoperative management of signs and symptoms of pheochromocytoma. Pharmacodynamics : Prazosin is an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent used to treat hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Accordingly, Prazosin is a selective inhibitor of the alpha1 subtype of alpha adrenergic receptors. In the human prostate, Prazosin antagonizes phenylephrine (alpha1 agonist)-induced contractions, in vitro, and binds with high affinity to the alpha1c adrenoceptor, which is thought to be the predominant functional type in the prostate. Studies in

4 normal human subjects have shown that Prazosin competitively antagonized the pressor effects of phenylephrine (an alpha1 agonist) and the systolic pressor effect of norepinephrine. The antihypertensive effect of Prazosin results from a decrease in systemic vascular resistance and the parent compound Prazosin is primarily responsible for the antihypertensive activity. Mechanism of action : Prazosin acts by inhibiting the postsynaptic alpha(1)-adrenoceptors on vascular smooth muscle. This inhibits the vasoconstrictor effect of circulating and locally released catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine), resulting in peripheral vasodilation. Absorption : Well-absorbed from gastrointestinal tract; bioavailability is variable (50 to 85%). Protein binding : 97% Metabolism : Primarily hepatic. Several metabolites have been identified in humans and animals (6- O - demethyl, 7- O -demethyl, 2-[1-piperazinyl]-4-amino-6, 7-dimethoxyquinazoline, 2,4-diamino-6,7- dimethoxyquinazoline). Route of elimination : Animal studies indicate that prazosin hydrochloride is extensively metabolized, primarily by demethylation and conjugation, and excreted mainly via bile and feces. Less extensive human studies suggest similar metabolism and excretion in man.

5 Half life : 2-3 hours Affected organisms : Humans and other mammals Uses Prazosin is used with or without other medications to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems.prazosin belongs to a class of medications called alpha blockers. It works by relaxing and widening blood vessels so blood can flow more easily.other This section contains uses of this drug that are not listed in the approved professional labeling for the drug but that may be prescribed by your health care professional. Use this drug for a condition that is listed in this section only if it has been so prescribed by your health care professional.this drug may also be used to treat certain blood circulation disorders (Raynaud's phenomenon), as well as problems urinating due to an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia). How To Use? Take this medication by mouth with or without food, usually two or three times daily or as directed by your doctor. If stomach upset occurs, take with food or milk. The dosage is based on your age, medical condition and response to therapy.prazosin can occasionally cause sudden fainting after the first dose and anytime that your dose is increased. To reduce your risk of fainting, the first dose prescribed by your doctor will be the smallest dose available. You should take this first dose as you are going to bed. This will decrease the possibility of fainting. Your dose may be gradually increased. Take

6 your first new dose at bedtime when your dose is increased unless directed otherwise by your doctor.use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day. If you are taking this medication for high blood pressure, it is important to continue taking it even if you feel well. Most people with high blood pressure do not feel sick. It may take up to several weeks before the full benefit of this drug takes effect.do not stop taking this medication without first consulting your doctor. Some conditions may become worse when the drug is abruptly stopped. Your dose may need to be gradually decreased.tell your doctor if your condition worsens (such as your routine blood pressure readings increase). Drug Interactions The effects of some drugs can change if you take other drugs or herbal products at the same time. This can increase your risk for serious side effects or may cause your medications not to work correctly. These drug interactions are possible, but do not always occur. Your doctor or pharmacist can often prevent or manage interactions by changing how you use your medications or by close monitoring.to help your doctor or pharmacist give you the best care, be sure to tell your doctor or pharmacist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products) before starting treatment with this product. While using this product, do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any other medicines you are using without your doctor's approval.some of the products that may interact with this drug include: beta blockers

7 (such as atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol), verapamil, drugs for sexual function problems (such as sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil).tell your doctor or pharmacist if you also take drugs that cause drowsiness, lower blood pressure, or make it difficult for you to urinate, such as: certain antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine), antiseizure drugs (such as carbamazepine), medicine for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, diazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants, narcotic pain relievers (such as codeine), psychiatric medicines (such as chlorpromazine, risperidone, amitriptyline, trazodone).check the labels on all your medicines (such as cough-and-cold products, diet aids, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs-nsaids for pain/fever reduction) because they may contain ingredients (such as pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, clemastine, ibuprofen, naproxen) that could increase your blood pressure or cause a fast heartbeat. Ask your pharmacist about the safe use of those products.this medication may interfere with certain laboratory tests (including pheochromocytoma screening test), possibly causing false test results. Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.this document does not contain all possible interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use. Share this list with your doctor and pharmacist to lessen your risk for serious medication problems. Why is this medication prescribed? Prazosin is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Prazosin is in a class of medications called alpha-blockers. It works by

8 relaxing the blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily through the body. How should this medicine be used? Prazosin comes as a capsule to take by mouth. It usually is taken two or three times a day at evenly spaced intervals. The first time taking prazosin, you should take it before you go to bed. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take prazosin exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor. Your doctor will probably start you on a low dose of prazosin and gradually increase your dose. Prazosin controls high blood pressure but does not cure it. Continue to take prazosin even if you feel well. Do not stop taking prazosin without talking to your doctor. Other uses for this medicine Prazosin is also used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, noncancerous enlargement of the prostate), congestive heart failure, pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor), sleep problems associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD; an anxiety disorder in people who experience or witness a traumatic, life-threatening event), and Raynaud's disease (condition where the fingers and toes change skin color from white to blue to red when exposed to hot or cold temperatures). Talk to your doctor about the possible risks of using this medication for your condition.

9 This medication may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information. What special precautions should I follow? Before taking prazosin, tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to prazosin, alfuzosin (Uroxatral), doxazosin (Cardura), terazosin (Hytrin), or any other medications. tell your doctor and pharmacist what other prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take. Be sure to mention: beta-blockers such as propranolol (Inderal); medications for erectile dysfunction (ED) such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), or vardenafil (Levitra);and other medications for high blood pressure. tell your doctor if you have narcolepsy (a sleep disorder that may cause extreme sleepiness, sudden uncontrollable urge to sleep during daily activities) or if you have or have ever had prostate cancer or liver disease. tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking prazosin, call your doctor. if you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist that you are taking prazosin. If you need to have eye surgery at any time during or after your treatment, be sure to tell your doctor that you are taking or have taken prazosin. you should know that this drug may make you drowsy or dizzy. Do not drive a car, operate machinery, or perform dangerous tasks for 24 hours after the first time you take prazosin or after your dose is increased.

10 ask your doctor about the safe use of alcoholic beverages while you are taking prazosin. Alcohol can make the side effects from prazosin worse. you should know that prazosin may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting when you get up too quickly from a lying position. This is more common when you first start taking prazosin, when your dose is increased, or when another blood pressure medication is added to your treatment. To help avoid this problem, get out of bed slowly, resting your feet on the floor for a few minutes before standing up. If you experience these symptoms, sit or lie down. These symptoms may also occur if you drink alcohol, stand for long periods of time, exercise, or if the weather is hot. If these symptoms do not improve, call your doctor. What special dietary instructions should I follow? Follow your doctor's directions for your meals, including advice for a reduced salt (sodium) diet. What should I do if I forget a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Check with your doctor if you have missed two or more doses. What side effects can this medication cause? Prazosin may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms or those listed in the SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS section are severe or do not go away: weakness

11 tiredness headache nausea Some side effects can be serious. If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately: hives rash itching difficulty breathing fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat chest pain painful erection of the penis that lasts for hours What storage conditions are needed for this medicine? Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Talk to your pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication. Symptoms of overdose may include: drowsiness decreased reflexes dizziness lightheadedness fainting What other information should I know? Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your blood pressure should be checked regularly to determine your response to prazosin.

12 Before having any laboratory test, tell your doctor and the laboratory personnel that you are taking prazosin. Do not let anyone else take your medication. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about refilling your prescription. It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies. apollo asia Division APOLLO Pharmaceuticals API Manufacturers INDIA [P] Ltd. asia Division Mr.Vipin Saxena CEO Cellular: Cellular: Direct : FAX : Wireline Purchase HELPDESK: Wireline Sales HELPDESK: Wireless 24x7 HELPDESK:

13 Blackberry Pin : 32E6500D 32E C58 apollo@hotmail.co.in Sales@apollopharma.in Export@apollopharma.in purchase@apollopharma.in Chat: MSN Hotmail:VipinrSaxena Skype NAME:VipinrSaxena Rocketmail:VipinrSaxena Google mail:vipinrsaxena BlackBerry:28415C58 Regd. Office :- 1104, Maker Chamber V, Nariman Point Mumbai, INDIA Pin: Industrial Office D-62, OIC India Oshiwara Industrial Centre, New Link Road, Goregoan West, Mumbai, INDIA Pin: Manufacturing Unit Address: Plot No. 117A, Village: Chamble

14 Near MonaTona Limited.Wada, Maharashtra, PIN : INDIA apollo@hotmail.co.in Sales@apollopharma.in Export@apollopharma.in purchase@apollopharma.in

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