Drug Threats in the United States: 2019 Update

Transcription

1 Drug Threats in the United States: 209 Update J I L L M. H E A D S P E C I A L T E S T I N G A N D R E S E A R C H L A B O R AT O R Y D R U G E N F O R C E M E N T A D M I N I S T R AT I O N

2 Objectives. Overview of the DEA Emerging Trends & Reference Materials Programs 2. Emerging Threat Report data for CY208. Synthetic Cannabinoids 2. Synthetic Cathinones 3., -related compounds and new synthetic opioids 4. Other NPS classes 3. Seized drug composition and mixtures containing fentanyl

3 Emerging Trends and Reference Material Programs. Analysis of domestic and foreign drug seizures 2. Research and method development for identification and quantitation 3. Authentication of reference materials 4. Structural Elucidation of unknown drugs 5. Authors SWGDRUG monographs 6. Monitors past/current trends to predict future needs 7. Publishes Emerging Threat Report

4 Emerging Threats New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) A new narcotic or psychotropic drug, in pure form or in preparation, that is not controlled by the UN drug conventions, but which may pose a public health threat Synthetic Cannabinoids Substituted Cathinones Hallucinogens Synthetic Opioids Benzodiazepines Plant-Derived Highs

5 Forensic Chemistry Analysis WHAT IT IS Seized drug samples Parent drug WHAT IT IS NOT Biological samples Toxicological samples Metabolites

6 Data Sources DEA Reporting Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) Seized: 0/0/208 2/3/208, Analyzed by 2/3/208 Considerations Backlogs Availability of reference materials Excludes analyses performed at DEA Special Testing and Research Laboratory

7 DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL TESTING AND RESEARCH LABORATORY EMERGING TRENDS PROGRAM PB-22 FUB-PB-22 FUB-AKB48 AB-FUBINACA 5F-EMB-PINACA 5F-AKB48 5Cl-AKB48 MDMB-FUBINACA MMB-220 AB-CHMINACA 4-CN-CUMYL-BUTINACA AB-PINACA NM220 MMB-FUBICA ADB-CHMINACA 5F-UR-44 FUB-44 5F-AMB MMB-CHMICA 5F-MDMB-PICA 5F-EDMB-PINACA ADB-FUBINACA FUB-AMB 5F-MDMB-PINACA Synthetic Cannabinoids Seized and Identified by DEA between January, 208 to December 3, synthetic cannabinoid identifications 5F-MDMB-PINACA and FUB-AMB was the most reported synthetic cannabinoids (64%) 25 different substances seized and identified 7 substances identified for the first time Notes: ) This data was compiled from analytical results from the DEA laboratory system. It encompasses exhibits seized 0/0/208 through 2/3/208 that were analyzed by 2/3/208. The data was retrieved on 0//209.

8 DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL TESTING AND RESEARCH LABORATORY EMERGING TRENDS PROGRAM α-php TH-PVP Pentedrone N,N-Dimethylpentylone 3,4-MDDMC 4-MEC 4-MeAPP Methylone 4'-Methyl-α-PHP α-pvp α-ppp Pentylone 4-Methylpentedrone Ethylone 4-F-α-PHP 4-CEC α-pihp 4-Cl-α-PVP Dibutylone N-Ethylhexedrone N-Ethylpentylone Synthetic Cathinones Seized and Identified by DEA between January, 208 to December 3, synthetic cathinone identifications N-Ethylpentylone was the most reported cathinone (62%) 22 different substances seized and identified 5 cathinones identified for the first time 204 Notes: ) This data was compiled from analytical results from the DEA laboratory system. It encompasses exhibits seized 0/0/208 through 2/3/208 that were analyzed by 2/3/208. The data was retrieved on 0//209

9 and Synthetic Opioids

10 Pharmaceutical

11 Furanyl fentanyl Acetylfentanyl Valeryl fentanyl

12 Packaging

13 Tablets New Jersey AB-FUBINACA/ etizolam/fentanyl New York acetylfentanyl New Jersey

14 Other Forms Texas California Acetylfentanyl Nebraska

15 DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL TESTING AND RESEARCH LABORATORY EMERGING TRENDS PROGRAM Synthetic Opioids Seized in 205 Valeryl fentanyl 4-ANPP 8 β-hydroxythiofentanyl 2 Butyrylfentanyl 5 Acetylfentanyl Notes: ) This data was compiled from analytical results from the DEA laboratory system. It encompasses exhibits seized 0/0/205 through 2/3/205 that were analyzed by 2/3/206. The data was retrieved on 0/04/207.

16 -type substances Acetyl fentanyl Butyryl fentanyl Valeryl fentanyl (Pentanoyl fentanyl)

17 DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL TESTING AND RESEARCH LABORATORY EMERGING TRENDS PROGRAM Acetyl norfentanyl 3-Methylfentanyl 2 p-fluorobutyrylfentanyl 3 Benzylfentanyl 3 o-fluorofentanyl 4 Valerylfentanyl 0 Opioid & -like CY 206 Identifications 5 different substances seized and identified in 206 ~60% of these substances were seized and reported for the first time in 206 Butyryl fentanyl Acryl fentanyl Carfentanil 4-Fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl 4-ANPP U Acetylfentanyl 2 Furanyl fentanyl Notes: ) This data was compiled from analytical results from the DEA laboratory system. It encompasses exhibits seized 0/0/206 through 2/3/206 that were analyzed by 2/3/206. The data was retrieved on 0/04/207.

18 DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL TESTING AND RESEARCH LABORATORY EMERGING TRENDS PROGRAM -type substances 3-Methylfentanyl 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl β-hydroxythiofentanyl Carfentanil

19 DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL TESTING AND RESEARCH LABORATORY EMERGING TRENDS PROGRAM U p-fluorobutyryl fentanyl o-methyl acetyl fentanyl 4'-Methyl acetyl fentanyl N-Methyl norfentanyl NPP Isopropyl U Thiofuranyl fentanyl Acryl fentanyl U despropionyl p-fluorofentanyl Benzyl fentanyl 3-Methylfentanyl Benzoyl fentanyl 2-Furanylbenzyl fentanyl Valeryl fentanyl Butyryl fentanyl Furanyl fentanyl Carfentanil U Methoxyacetylfentanyl Cyclopropylfentanyl 4-FiBF Acetylfentanyl 4-ANPP Synthetic Opioids Seized and Identified by DEA in CY208 ~27% increase in identifications from CY different substances seized and identified 7 substances seized and identified for the first time 2723 Notes: ) This data was compiled from analytical results from the DEA laboratory system. It encompasses exhibits seized 0/0/208 through 2/3/208 that were analyzed by 2/3/208. The data was retrieved on 0//209.

20 DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL TESTING AND RESEARCH LABORATORY EMERGING TRENDS PROGRAM Hallucinogens Benzodiazepines 2C-I 2C 25C-NBOMe Flualprazolam Flubromazolam B-NBOMe Etizolam 35 25I-NBOMe 2 2C-B 4 Other Substance Unconfirmed 92 DBZP Piperazines 3 Mitragynine 2 3-MeO-PCP 7 2F-Deschloroketamine 3 2-Oxo-PCE 3 pfpp BZP TFMPP MMMP 3 4-Fluoroamphetamine 2 Unknown 2 Yohimbine 2 3-Fluorophenmetrazine 5-MeO-DALT 5-MeO-DiPT DMAA Notes: ) This data was compiled from analytical results from the DEA laboratory system. It encompasses exhibits seized 0/0/208 through 2/3/208 that were analyzed by 2/3/208. The data was retrieved on 0//209.

21 A LOOK AT SEIZED DRUG MIXTURES

22 Mixtures Containing with Each identification was made in the same seized material May have also contained other substances (controlled or noncontrolled) Heroin # of Identifications 4228 Cocaine 42 Methamphetamine 208 Note: This data was acquired from exhibits analyzed by the DEA Laboratory System.

23 Substances Identified Weight Region Heroin Heroin (2.5%) Heroin (5.4%) (4.5%) Heroin (8%) (3.7%) Heroin (2%) (2%) Diphenhydramine Heroin Procaine Heroin Tramadol Quinine Heroin (3.9%) Tramadol Caffeine Procaine Quinine 7986g powder South Central Region 6.9g powder South Central Region.9g powder Mid-Atlantic Region 49g powder 89g powder 495g powder North Central Region North Central Region Northeastern Region 0.5g powder Northeastern Region 998g (brick) Northeastern Region Heroin and Mixtures Note: This data was acquired from exhibits analyzed by the DEA Laboratory System between 9/2/208 through /5/209.

24 Substances Identified Weight Region Cocaine Heroin Cocaine Caffeine Quinine Ibuprofen Lidocaine Heroin Cocaine Quinine Salicylic Acid Caffeine Cocaine Hydrochloride Phenacetin 0.86g powder Southeastern Region Residue (paraphernalia) Mid-Atlantic Region 4.6g powder Southeastern Region 996g powder Southwestern Region Cocaine and Mixtures Note: This data was acquired from exhibits analyzed by the DEA Laboratory System between 9/2/208 through /5/209.

25 Substances Identified Weight Region Heroin Methamphetamine Xylazine Quinine Caffeine Diphenhydramine Cocaine Methamphetamine 06-monoacetylmorphine Noscapine PTHIT (4.6%) Tramadol Ketamine Methamphetamine Noscapine Dipyrone (0.8%) Heroin Methamphetamine Acetaminophen Caffeine Lidocaine 3.3g powder North Central Region Residue (scale) 53g powder Southwestern Region Southwestern Region 5.2g tablets Northeastern Region Methamphetamine and Mixtures Note: This data was acquired from exhibits analyzed by the DEA Laboratory System between 9/2/208 through /5/209.

26 Substances Identified Weight Region Cocaine Heroin 2-Furanyl fentanyl Caffeine Quinine Benzocaine PTHIT (.2%) Heroin 5F-MDMB-PINACA Cyclopropyl fentanyl Cocaine Lidocaine Caffeine Heroin (.5%) 4-Chloroethcathinone U Furanyl fentanyl Quinine Diphenhydramine Etizolam 45.2g powder Southeastern Region 28g powder 49g powder Southeastern Region North Central Region Complex Mixtures Note: This data was acquired from exhibits analyzed by the DEA Laboratory System between 9/2/208 through /5/209.

27 Is marijuana being mixed or laced with fentanyl? Few identifications of THC and fentanyl Majority were residue (i.e. scales, paraphernalia) None were described as plant material No indications of marijuana and fentanyl identified in the data set reviewed and Marijuana Note: This data was acquired from exhibits analyzed by the DEA Laboratory System.

28 Laboratory Resources: Update Searchable Libraries: IR Library Version 2.0 Updated 2/8/209 MS Library Version 2.0 Updated /3/9 Drug Monographs Regularly updated

29 Summary 22 NPS were identified for the first time in 208 which equates to approximately one new substance approximately every two and a half weeks. Approximately 33% of the synthetic opioids identified were seized and identified for the first time in 208. Seized drug analyses can be a useful tool in understanding complex drug mixtures and their relationship to toxicological results.

30 Thank You! Jill M. Head Supervisory Chemist United States Drug Enforcement Administration Special Testing and Research Laboratory