Prevention of Alcohol Abuse

Transcription

1 Prevention of Alcohol Abuse

2 Prevention of Alcohol Abuse Edited by Peter M. Miller Sea Pines Behavioral Institute Hilton Head Island, South Carolina and Ted D. Nirenberg Veterans Administration Medical Center, and Brown University Providence, Rhode Island Plenum Press New York and London

3 Main entry under title: Prevention of alcohol abuse. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Includes bibliographies and index. 1. Alcoholism-Prevention-Addresses, essays, lectures. I. Miller, Peter Michael, II. Nirenberg, Ted D., [DNLM: 1. Alcoholism-Prevention and control. WM 274 P944) HV5047.P ' ISBN-13: : / e-isbn-13: Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1984 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher

4 Contributors AMECHI ANUMONYE, Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria HOWARD T. BLANE, Minimizing Alcohol Problems Project, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania BARBARA BRAUCHT, Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado G. NICHOLAS BRAUCHT, Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado C. CAMPILLO-SERRANO, Epidemiological and Social Sciences Department, Instituto Mexicano De Psiquiatria, Antiquo Camino A Xochimilco 101, Mexico TONY CELLUCCI, Department of Psychology, North Carolina Wesleyan College, Rocky Mount, North Carolina DONALD W. GOODWIN, Department of Psychiatry, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas K. GUNNAR GOTESTAM, The University of Trondheim, Ostmarka Hospital, Trondheim, Norway THOMAS C. HARFORD, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, Maryland v

5 vi Contributors LINDA E. HEWITT, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania RAYMOND J. HODGSON, Whitchurch Hospital, Whitchurch, Cardiff, Wales SHUll IDA, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamikyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan LT. COL. JOHN E. KILLEEN, United States Army, Office of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Prevention, Department of Defense, The Pentagon, Washington, D.C. FELIX KLAlNER, Addiction Research Foundation and University of Toronto, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Canada DAVID P. KRAFT, Mental Health Division, University Health Services, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts KINYA KURIYAMA, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamikyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan STEPHEN R. MANSKE, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada BARBARA S. MCCRADY, Butler Hospital and Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island M. E. MEDINA-MORA, Epidemiological and Social Science Department, Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatria, Antiquo Camino A Xochimilco 101, Mexico PETER M. MILLER, Sea Pines Behavioral Institute, Sea Pines Plantation, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina WILLIAM R. MILLER, Department of Psychology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico PETER E. NATHAN, Rutgers, The State University, New Brunswick, New Jersey TED D. NIRENBERG, Alcohol Dependence Treatment Program, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island and Section of

6 Contributors vii Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island NORA E. NOEL, Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island SEITARO OHKUMA, Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamikyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan ANDREA PAGE, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada DOUGLAS A. PARKER, Department of Sociology, California State University, Long Beach, California OLA R6sTUM, Blue Cross Alcoholism Treatment Center, Trondheim, Norway RONALD P. SCHLEGEL, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada REGINALD G. SMART, Addiction Research Foundation, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada LINDA C. SOBELL, Addiction Research Foundation and University of Toronto, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada MARK B. SOB ELL, Addiction Research Foundation and University of Toronto, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada I. A. SYTINSKY, Research Group of Neurochemical Basis of Alcoholism, A. A. Ukhtomsky Institute of Physiology, Leningrad University, Leningrad, U.S.S.R. VIJOY K. VARMA, Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Evaluation and Research, Chandigarh, India

7 Preface The abuse of alcohol presents a major health problem throughout the world. Until recently both clinical and research efforts have been geared toward treatment and rehabilitation of alcoholism. With the growing number of problem drinkers entering treatment, the need for a better understanding of the prevention of alcohol abuse has become increasingly evident. Although still in its infancy, the field of alcoholism prevention is growing at a rapid rate. Increasing numbers of behavioral scientists throughout the world are conducting or planning prevention projects. Policy planners, school administrators, military agencies, community groups, state and local alcoholism agencies, and industries are initiating alcohol abuse prevention programs with fervor. Legislators at all levels of government are also developing a keen interest in legislation aimed at reducing the extent of problem drinking. This book represents one of the first systematic attempts to compile a comprehensive text on the prevention of alcohol abuse. Many of the contributors to Prevention 0/ Alcohol Abuse have international reputations that strengthen their understanding of the complex nature of prevention. By providing a critical review of the current knowledge about prevention, the text will serve to stimulate and lay the groundwork for further prevention efforts. We thank all of the chapter authors for their excellent contributions. It is through their efforts that the field will thrive. Our appreciation also is expressed to Leonard Pace, formerly of Plenum Press, for his encouragement and helpful comments in the development of the text. PETER M. MILLER TED D. NIRENBERG ix

8 Contents HISTORY AND ISSUES OF ALCOHOL ABUSE PREVENTION CHAPTER 1. HISTORY AND OVERVIEW OF THE PREVENTION OF ALCOHOL ABUSE... 3 Ted D. Nirenberg and Peter M. Miller Prevention versus Treatment... 4 Resistance to Prevention... 5 What is Prevention?... 6 The Targets of Prevention... 7 History of Alcohol Abuse Prevention... 7 Models of Prevention... 8 References CHAPTER 2. THE PREVENTION OF ALCOHOL PROBLEMS: CONCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES Tony Cellucci Secondary Prevention Programs Legal Regulation and Public Control Measures.. 28 Alcohol Education The Developmental Context of Alcohol Abuse.. 40 Summary References CHAPTER 3. TARGET POPULATIONS FOR ALCOHOL ABUSE PREVENTION Nora E. Noel and Barbara S. McCrady XI

9 xii Contents Identifying Special Populations and Needed Prevention Efforts Guidelines for Ideal Prevention Programs Existing Prevention Programs Restraints on Developing Ideal Programs for Special Populations Conclusions References PREDICTORS OF PROBLEM DRINKING CHAPTER 4. BIOLOGICAL PREDICTORS OF PROBLEM DRINKING 97 Donald W. Goodwin Familial Susceptibility to Alcoholism Biological Concomitants of Alcoholism... 1lO References CHAPTER 5. SITUATIONAL FACTORS IN DRINKING: A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE ON DRINKING CONTEXTS Thomas C. Harford Environmental Influences in Adolescent Drinking Developmental Trends in Adolescent Drinking Contexts Environmental Influences in Adolescent Drinking Contexts Situational Factors in Adolescent Drinking Contexts Developmental Trends in College Drinking Contexts Situational Factors in Adult Drinking Contexts. 151 Summary and Conclusions References APPROACHES TO PREVENTION CHAPTER 6A. ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICY IN CANADA Reginald G. Smart

10 Contents xiii CHAPTER 6B. ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICY IN ENGLAND AND WALES Raymond j. Hodgson CHAPTER 6C. ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICY IN INDIA... '" 185 V ljoy K. Varma CHAPTER 6D. ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICY IN JAPAN Kinya Kuriyama, Shuji Ida, and Seitaro Ohkuma CHAPTER 6E. ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICIES IN MEXICO M. E. Medina-Mora and C. Campillo-Serrano CHAPTER 6F. ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICY IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES (DENMARK, FINLAND, NORWAY, SWEDEN, iceland) K. Gunnar Gatestam and Ola Rastum CHAPTER 6G. ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICY IN NIGERIA Amechi Anumonye CHAPTER 6H. ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICY IN THE UNITED STATES Douglas A. Parker CHAPTER 61. ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICY IN THE USSR I. A. Sytinsky CHAPTER 7. PREVENTION OF PROBLEM DRINKING AMONG YOUTH: EVALUATION OF EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES G. Nicholas Braucht and Barbara Braucht 245 Educational Strategies General Problem and Caveat Goals and Approaches Empirical Evaluations of Educational Programs. 261 Guidelines for Future Evaluation Research References CHAPTER 8. PREVENTION THROUGH MASS MEDIA COMMUNICATION Linda E. Hewitt and Howard T. Blane General Mass Communication Effects 282 Program Characteristics of Alcohol-Related Mass Media Campaigns

11 XIV Contents Evaluation Characteristics of Alcohol-Related Mass Media Campaigns Outcomes of Alcohol-Related Mass Media Campaigns Conclusions References PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF PREVENTION STRATEGIES CHAPTER 9. A COMPREHENSIVE PREVENTION PROGRAM FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS David P. Kraft Program Rationale Program Description Evaluation of Program Discussion and Recommendations Conclusions References CHAPTER 10. TEACHING RESPONSIBLE DRINKING SKILLS William R. Miller 371 Teaching Responsible Drinking: Five Philosophies Moderation as a Tertiary Prevention Strategy Moderation as a Secondary Prevention Strategy. 378 Moderation as a Primary Prevention Strategy Conclusions References CHAPTER 11. ALCOHOLISM PREVENTION IN THE WORKPLACE: THREE EXAMPLES Peter E. Nathan Why Prevention in the Workplace Prevention in the Workplace: Scope and Focus. 389 A Broad-Spectrum Employee Assistance Program: The Atlanta Federal Consortium A Comprehensive Positive Life-Style Change Program: Live for Life A Training Program in the Management of the

12 Contents xv Intoxicated Patron: The New Jersey Casino Control Commission Project Alcoholism Prevention for Industry: An Assessment References CHAPTER 12. A GUIDED DECISION-MAKING PROGRAM FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: A FIELD EXPERIMENT IN ALCOHOL EDUCATION Ronald P. Schlegel, Stephen R. Manske, and Andrea Page Introduction Description of Programs Evaluation Strategy to Assess Program Impact Results Discussion References CHAPTER 13. PREVENTION OF DRUNK DRIVING Felix Klajner, Linda C. Sobell, and Mark B. Sobell Primary Prevention Secondary Prevention Policy Issues and Recommendations An Overlooked Way of Increasing Public Support of Countermeasures References CHAPTER 14. MILITARY INTERVENTION PROGRAMS Lt. Col. John E. Killeen 469 The Target of Prevention The Characteristics of Alcohol Abuse in the Military Why Is the Problem the Way It Is? Why Is Alcohol Abuse So Difficult to Attack? Review of Current Programs Evaluation of Current Programs Summary References CHAPTER 15. ALCOHOL ABUSE PREVENTION: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS Peter M. Miller and Ted D. Nirenberg

13 XVI Contents Methodological Concerns Early Predictors of Abuse Goal Clarification Differential Treatment Planning Ethical Considerations Program Component Analysis Access to "Hidden Populations" Outcome Studies Community Support and Organization References INDEX 511