A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF HIIT WITH AND WITHOUT ULTRASONIC CAVITATION ON BODY COMPOSITION

Transcription

1 IJBPAS, July,, 4(7): - ISSN: A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF T WITH AND WITHOUT ULTRASONIC CAVITATION ON BODY COMPOSITION HAMIDEH NADAKI, HASAN MATIN HOMAEE, MOHAMMAD ALI AZARBAYJANI : Department of Physical Eucation an Sport Science, central Tehran Branch, Islamic Aza University, Tehran, Iran : Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Eucation an Sport Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Aza University, Tehran, Iran : Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Eucation an Sport Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Aza University, Tehran, Iran ABSTRACT The purpose of thisresearch was to compare the effect of high intensity interval training (T) with an without ultrasonic cavitation (UC) on boy composition, incluing boy fat percentage, waist circumference, anskinfol.4 healthy seentary women age - years were ranomly selecte an assigne to three groups: T, T+UC, an control. Exercise protocol laste for 6 weeks. Boy fat percentage, total fat mass, trunk fat, skinfol, an waist circumference were measure through boy composition analysis before an after the treatment. Subjects height, weight, heart rate, bloo pressure, an maximal oxygen uptake was measure at the beginning of the research. The T protocol starte with minutes of walking or slow running at 4% MHR, followe by six repetitions of intense activity at 8- % MHR for 6 secons an active resting at -% MHR for 6 secons ( minutes total), an finally a -minute walking or slow running at 4% MHR for cool own. Overall, the protocol laste for minutes. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test an covariance analysis were use to analyze the ata. The results inicate a significant ecrease in boy fat percentage, total fat mass, trunk fat, skinfol, an waist circumference as well as a significant increase in HDL following six sessions of HIit. However, T with UC ha no significant effect on seentary women. Future research can investigatethe effect of ifferent intensities of T an more exercise sessions. IJBPAS, July,, 4(7)

2 Keywors: High intensity interval training, ultrasoun cavitation, boy composition INTRODUCTION Obesity has been a prevalent meical conitions in recent years. A combination of excessive foo energy intake an a lack of physical activity is thought to explain most cases of obesity.obesity affects every segment of the population an continues to increase steaily, especially in chilren. It increases the risk for many other chronic iseases, incluing iabetes mellitus, cariovascular isease, an nonalcoholic fatty liver isease, an ecreases overall quality of life[].in the US, 4% of aults currently meet the criteria for the metabolic synrome efine by elevate waist circumference, plasma triglyceries (TG), fasting glucose an/or bloo pressure, an ecrease high-ensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) []. Most researchers agree that exercise is an essential component of any weight loss program. Exercise preserves lean mass an increases total aily energy expeniture []. A common reason given for not exercising is time constraints, an long term aherence to exercise programs is often less than % at 6 months[]. Research has shown that high-intensity intermittent training (T) may be more effective at reucing subcutaneous an IJBPAS, July,, 4(7) abominal boy fat than other types of exercise [].Recent stuies have suggeste that compare with continuous moerate exercise (CME), T may result in better or equal improvement in fitness an cariovascular health.t consists of brief perios of high-intensity exercise interpose with recovery perios at a lower intensity. The premise of using T in both healthy an clinical populations is that the vigorous activity segments promote greater aaptations via increase cellular stress, yet their short length, an the ensuing recovery intervals, allow even untraine iniviuals to work harer than woul otherwise be possible at steay-state intensity[]. T programs are not only effective, but also safe. It allows equal or improve outcomes for markely less time investment an has the potential to be associate with higher rates of aherence ue to the varie protocol leaing to less boreom [4]. T burns more calories compare to moerate intensity steaystate training, an fat oxiation an energy consumption continue to increase after exercise [].T protocols typically involve repeate brief sprinting at an allout intensity immeiately followe by low intensity exercise or rest.the brevity of 4

3 T protocols is likely to be appealing to most iniviuals intereste in fat reuction.however, a small number of stuies have examine its effects on fat loss an health in special populations an patients []. T significantly reuces subcutaneous fat as well as total boy mass an improves VO max [,4]. High intensity focuse ultrasoun (HIFU) is a new promising metho of fat reuction[6].ultrasonic cavitation (UC) is a low frequency, high energy level ultrasoun (US) that inuces physical effects on tissues an has recently been propose as a metho to non-invasively reuce the amount of aipose tissue [7].With the rising eman for boy contouring, noninvasive evices for fat reuction have become increasingly popular an have grown over the past ecae. HIFU has been use for nearly half a century for noninvasive treatment of tumors of various organs, but has only recently been evaluate as a metho for selective estruction of aipose tissue. HIFU works by ablating subcutaneous aipose tissue an causing molecular vibrations that increase the temperature of local tissue an inuce rapi cell necrosis. Several stuies reveal the safety an efficacy of HIFU for fat reuction in the abomen an the flanks [6]). Heyari et al. [8] examine the effect of a -week T intervention on total boy, abominal, trunk, visceral fat mass, an fat free mass of young overweight males.the exercise group performe T three times per week, min per session, for weeks.the exercise group ha a significant reuction in visceral fat after weeks of E, while waist circumference was significantly ecrease by week six. Also fat free mass was significantly increase in the exercising group. Keating et al. []examine the effect of T versus continuous aerobic exercise training (CONT) an placebo on boy composition. They foun significant reuction in trunk fat an anroi fat in CONT an placebo groups, but not in T. They conclue that T may be useful as a time-efficient strategy for eliciting comparable fitness benefits to traitional continuous exercise in inactive, overweight aults. Saber et al. [] stuie the effect of UC on aipose tissue thickness in women. They foun a significant ecrease in fat thickness associate with a significant increase in waist-hip ratio in the intervention group after ultrasoun cavitation treatment an weight maintenance program compare to control group. IJBPAS, July,, 4(7)

4 Trapp et al. [] examine the effect of a -week T program on subcutaneous an trunk fat in young women.the results inicate a significant reuction in total boy mass, fat mass, an trunk fatin T group. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of T with an without UC on boy composition in seentary women. Since there is a large number of women suffering from obesity, especially in the abomen an hip, a mixture of T which burns fat an local UC which causes lipolysis of fatty acis may prove to be a more effective metho of fat reuction. MATERIALS AND METHODS This research is quasi-experimental. The population consiste of the seentary female stuents of Islamic Aza University, of whom 4 stuents (- yrs.) were ranomly selecte as the sample an assigne to three groups in a oubleblin experiment: T, T+UC, an control. Subjects height, weight, VO max, heart rate, bloo pressure, an boy composition were measure. Boy fat percentage, total fat mass, trunk fat, an skinfol were measure through boy composition analysis, an waist circumference was recore. The T protocol starte with minutes of walking or slow running at 4% MHR, followe by six repetitions of intense activity at 8- % MHR for 6 secons an active resting at -% MHR for 6 secons ( minutes total), an finally a -minute walking or slow running at 4% MHR for cool own. Overall, the protocol laste for minutes. The UC group unerwent six sessions of massage at Hz near the navel as the center of gravity. Bloo samples were collecte an analyze at the en of the experiment. Data were analyze using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, covariance analysis, anscheffe s test in SPSS. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results of covariance analysis i not show any significant ifference between T, T+UC, an control in post-test boy fat percentage (F, = 76, p = 7) (Table an Figure ). Table : Ajuste mean an stanar error for boy fat percentage an the results of covariance analysis Aj Me Sum uste an Gro S of Si Squ F up E Squ f g. Mea are ares n s T T+U C Con trol Pr e- tes t Gr ou p Er ror To tal IJBPAS, July,, 4(7) 6

5 T 7 4 T+U C Cont rol. 4 e- tes t Gr ou p Er ror To tal Figure : Comparison of ajuste post-test values for boy fat percentage Also there was no significant ifference between the effects of the T an T+UC programs on total fat mass. The results of covariance analysis showe no significant ifference between T, T+UC, an control in post-test total fat mass (F, = 46, p = 64) (Table ). Table. Ajuste mean an stanar error for total fat mass an the results of covariance analysis Aj Me Sum uste an Gro S of Si Squ F up E Squ f g. Mea are ares n s T T+U C Con trol Pr e- tes t Gr ou p Er ror To tal The results of covariance analysis showe no significant ifference between the effects of T, T+UC, an control in post-test trunk fat (F, = 4, p = 68) (Table ). Table : Ajuste mean an stanar error for trunk mass an the results of covariance analysis Aj Su Me uste m an Gro S Si of Squ F up E f g. Mea Squ are n ares s. Pr 6 The results of covariance analysis showe no significant ifference between the effects of T, T+UC, an control in post-test waist circumference (F, = 684, p = 7) an skinfol (F, =, p = 6). CONCLUSION This is the first stuy to employ high intensity interval training (T) an ultrasonic cavitation (UC) to assess changes in boy composition. The results showe no significant reuction in boy fat percentage, total fat mass, trunk fat, skinfol, an waist circumference following a six-week T program. There was also no significant increase in HDL an no significant ecrease in serum triglycerie an LDL after the T program. Also the T+UC program ha no significant effect on boy fat percentage, total fat mass, trunk fat, skinfol, an waist circumference. These variables ecrease by the protocol, but the changes were not statistically significant. T is a useful exercise that can be performe by traine an untraine iniviuals for fat reuction. However, IJBPAS, July,, 4(7) 7

6 T an T with UC ha no significant effect on the sample which consiste of seentary women. Our finings are inconsistent with the results of Heyari et al. [8], Keating et al. [], Saber et al. [], an Trapp et al. []. Inee there is room for further research on this topic. Future research can employ ifferent intensities of T an ifferent exercise sessions in ifferent populations to provie more insights into the effectiveness of this exercise. REFERENCES [] Catenacci, V. A., Hill, J. O., Wyatt, H. R., (). The obesity epiemic.clinics in Chest Meicine,, [] Kessler H. S., Sisson, S. B., Short, K. R., (). The potential for high-intensity interval training to reuce cariometabolic isease risk.sports Meicine, 4, 48-. [] King, J., (). A comparison of the effects of interval training vs. continuous training on weight loss an boy composition in obese premenopausal women. Electronic Theses an Dissertations, Paper. [4] Shiraev, T., Barclay, G., (). Evience base exercise: Clinical benefits of high intensity interval training.australian Family Physician, 4, 6-6. [] Boutcher, S. H., (). Highintensity intermittent exercise an fat loss. Journal of Obesity, [6] Saei N, Kaminer M., (). New waves for fat reuction: highintensity focuse ultrasoun. Seminars in Cutaneous Meicine an Surgery,, 6- [7] Pugliese, D., Maiorano, E., Pascone, M., ().Histopathological features of tissue alterations inuce by low frequency ultrasoun with cavitational effects on human aipose tissue.international Journal of Immunopathology an Pharmacology, 6, [8] Heyari, M., Freun, J., Boutcher, S. H., (). The effect of highintensity intermittent exercise on boy composition of overweight young males.journal of Obesity, 8. [] Keating, S. E., Machan, E. A., O Connor, H. T., Gerofi, J. A., Sainsbury, A., Caterson, I. D., Johnson, N. A., (4).Continuous exercise but not high intensity interval training improves fat istribution in overweight.journal of Obesity, -. IJBPAS, July,, 4(7) 8

7 [] Saber, M., Shalaby, S., Kharbotly, A., Taher, N., Saber, L. M., Mehat, A., (). Effect of ultrasoun cavitation therapy as a non-invasive approach on aipose tissue thickness in Egyptian women.journal of Applie Sciences Research,, [] Trapp, E. G., Chisholm, D. J., Freun, J., Boutcher, S. H., (8). The effects of highintensity intermittent exercise training on fat loss an fasting insulin levels of young women. International Journal of Obesity,, IJBPAS, July,, 4(7)