Poverty, Intra-Household Distribution and Gender Relations in Bangladesh

Transcription

1 Poverty, Intra-Household Distribution and Gender Relations in Bangladesh Evidence and Policy Implications edited by Mohammad A.Razzaque BazlulH.Khondker Selim Raihan The University Press Limited

2 vi Poverty, Intra-Household Distribution and Gender Relations in Bangladesh 3.2 Women's Access to Resources and Empowerment Indicators Used for Empowerment Wage Employment and Micro-Credit Influencing Empowerment Intra-Household Inequality Limitations of Survey Data on Empowerment Indicators Conclusion 96 Chapter 4 Capturing Intra-Household Distribution: A Brief Description of the BER Survey Mohammad A. Razzaque and Bazlul H. Khondker 4.1 Background Methodology Salient Features of the Survey A Snapshot Concluding Remarks and the Way Forward 131 Chapter 5 Intra-Household Distribution and Poverty Incidence in Bangladesh: An Assessment 149 Mohammad A. Razzaque and Selim Raihan 5.1 Introduction Poverty Estimation in Bangladesh Poverty Estimation: New Insights from Intra-Household Data Conclusion 170 Chapter 6 The Relationship between Household Income and Demand for Calories: Evidence from Bangladesh 175 Mohammad A. Razzaque and 6.1 Introduction Data Some Stylised Facts The Model and Hypotheses Results and Discussions Conclusion 194

3 Contents vii Chapter 7 Health, Physical Activity and Intra-Household Food Allocation: Revisiting the Evidence of Gender Discrimination 201 Mohammad A. Razzaque and Mohammad Mokammel Karim Toufique 7.1 Introduction Theoretical Basis Data Gender Disparity in Calorie Intake Gender Discrimination in Terms of Good Food Share Conclusion 228 Chapter 8 Domestic Violence against Women and Intra-Household Resource Allocation 237 Mohammad Mokammel Karim Toufique and Mohammad A. Razzaque 8.1 Introduction Domestic Violence: Cross-Country Evidence Setting and Data Determinants of Domestic Violence Domestic Violence and Resources Allocated to Women Conclusion 269 Chapter 9 Intra-Household Resource Allocation and Women's Bargaining Power: An Empirical Assessment 271 Mohammad A. Razzaque, Ahsanuzzaman and 9.1 Introduction The Household Models Econometric Specification Data Empirical Findings Conclusion 289

4 viii Poverty, Intra-Household Distribution and Gender Relations in Bangladesh Chapter 10 Allocation of Resources to Addictive Goods and Eating Out: The Effect of Women's Bargaining Power 311 Mohammad A. Razzaque, Mohammad Mokammel Karim Toufique and Been Taposh 10.1 Introduction Analytical Framework and Data Some Stylized Facts Estimation Results Conclusion 326 Chapter 11 Children's well-being and Boy-Girl Discrimination in Intra-Household Resource Allocation 329 Mohammad A. Razzaque and Mashfiqur Rahman Khan 11.1 Introduction Data and Empirical Methodology Empirical Results Concluding Remarks 367 Chapter 12 Intra-Household Allocation of Resources: A Quadratic Ideal Demand System Approach 381 and Mohammad A. Razzaque 12.1 Introduction Demand Systems Data The Outlay Equivalent Ratio Estimation and Results Conclusion 394 Chapter 13 Poverty and Welfare Implications of Policy Shocks Using Intra-Household Data: A CGE Nanosimulation Approach 397 Selim Raihan and Bazlul H. Khondker 13.1 Introduction Changes in the Economic Structure of Bangladesh Trade Liberalisation in Bangladesh 399

5 Contents ix 13.4 Methodology The CGE Model for Bangladesh Economy Salient Features of the Base Scenario Trade Liberalisation Simulation Conclusion 414 Annexures 419 Annex I: The BER Survey on Capturing Intra-Household Distribution and Poverty Incidence: A Note on the Field Work 421. Annex II: Construction of an Index of Women's Empowerment 425 Annex III: Calculating Energy Requirements " 429 Bibliography 433 Index. 455