SCIENCE (REVISED SYLLABUS) HIGHER LEVEL

Transcription

1 J.37 PRE-JUNIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 2010 SCIENCE (REVISED SYLLABUS) HIGHER LEVEL TIME : 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS 1. Write your name, school name and teacher s name in the boxes provided on this page. 2. Answer all questions. 3. Answer the questions in the spaces provided in this booklet. If you require extra space, an extra page is provided at the back of this booklet. Student Name School Name Teacher s Name examiner Section/Question Mark Biology Q.1 (52) Q.2 (39) Q.3 (39) Chemistry Q.4 (52) Q.5 (39) Q.6 (39) Physics Q.7 (52) Q.8 (39) Q.9 (39) Total (Paper) (390) Bonus for Irish Grade 2010 J /20 Page 1 of 20

2 Question 1 (a) Biology The diagram shows a plant. The plant uses a tissue to transport the minerals shown to the leaves. (i) Name this tissue. Name (ii) Name the response of the plant s roots towards gravity. Response (52) (b) The diagram shows a kidney. (i) Name the blood vessel A that brings waste-filled blood into the kidney. Name (ii) Name the tube B that transports filtered waste away from the kidney. B (c) (i) Name the type of plant reproduction shown in the diagram. Name (ii) Give one difference between the two types of plant reproduction. Difference (d) The image shows a human eye. (i) Name the layer of light-sensitive cells labelled X in the diagram. X (ii) Give the function of the ciliary muscle in the eye. Function 2010 J /20 Page 2 of 20

3 (e) The diagram shows the structure of a human arm. Name bone A and identify the type of moveable joint B. Bone A Joint B (f) Identify the substrate and the enzyme from the list opposite. Substrate Enzyme BILE MALTASE STARCH (g) The diagram shows the human digestive system. (i) Identify the position of the pancreas using the letter A. (ii) What is the function of B in digestion? Function (h) A pupil used a spotting tile as shown in the diagram and Solution A to test for starch in some food samples. (i) Identify Solution A and the colour change needed for a food to be positive for starch. Solution A Colour change (ii) Identify a possible control used in this experiment. Identify ( ) 2010 J /20 Page 3 of 20

4 Question 2 (a) The diagram shows the female part of a flower. (i) Give the name of this part of the flower. (3) Name (ii) Describe (by drawing on the diagram if needed) the events that follow pollination (the landing of a pollen grain on the stigma) in a flowering plant. (9) Describe (39) (b) Quadrats are a useful tool for ecologists carrying out habitat studies. The table below gives the results for a quadrat study, where the occurrence of a buttercup flower in a randomly selected part of a field was studied. Quadrat number Buttercup present (i) Calculate the percentage frequency of the buttercup population in the part of the field studied in the box provided. (6) (ii) Identify two factors that could have influenced the % frequency of buttercups in the field. (6) Factor 1 Factor J /20 Page 4 of 20

5 (c) In an investigation to find the energy content of different foods, 5 g of a burning food was used to heat 20 cm 3 of water. The starting and finishing temperatures of the water were measured using a thermometer. The results of the investigation are shown in the table below. Food Water temperature ( C) Temperature Energy content Start Finish rise ( C) (joules per gram) A carbohydrate ,500 A fat ,000 A protein ,836 (i) Name two variables which were kept constant during the investigation. (6) Variable 1 Variable 2 (ii) Identify a source of error in the experimental procedure. (3) Error (iii) What statement can be made about the energy content of fat in comparison with both carbohydrate and protein from the results above? (3) (iv) How is the energy content of foods on food labels displayed differently than shown in the last column of the above results table? (3) How? 2010 J /20 Page 5 of 20

6 Question 3 (39) (a) Shown opposite is a diagram of a human heart and its associated blood vessels. (i) Name the blood vessels labelled A, B, C and D. (12) A B C D (ii) What type of muscle is the heart made from? (3) (b) The diagram shows a baby in its mother s womb. (i) Name a substance which passes from the mother s blood supply into the placenta. (3) Name (ii) Puberty occurs when sex hormones are released in the body. Give one change which occurs in the male body and one change which occurs in the female body at puberty. (6) Male Female 2010 J /20 Page 6 of 20

7 (c) A pupil set up the apparatus shown below to investigate photosynthesis in an aquatic plant, pondweed. (i) Describe, using a word equation, how plants make their own food by photosynthesis. (6) (ii) Give one method by which the rate of photosynthesis (number of bubbles produced against time) could be increased. (3) (iii) State two reasons why animals rely on photosynthesis for survival. (6) Reason 1 Reason J /20 Page 7 of 20

8 Chemistry Question 4 (52) (a) Give two physical properties of alkali metals. examiner Property 1 Property 2 (b) A pupil is given a beaker of dilute copper sulfate solution and a Bunsen burner. (i) Give one method the pupil could use to make the dilute copper sulfate solution more concentrated. Method (ii) What is a saturated solution? (c) Ernest Rutherford is credited with the discovery of the proton in Compare the charge and mass of a proton with the charge and mass of an electron. Charge Mass (d) Copper metal is often used in electrical wire. Give two properties of copper which make it ideal for this use. Property 1 Property J /20 Page 8 of 20

9 (e) A pupil separated a mixture of sand and water using the technique shown. What are the technical names given to the substances labelled A and B? A B examiner (f) (i) State the name of the following strong acid: H 2 SO 4. Name (ii) Litmus is an indicator which shows by means of a colour change whether a substance is acidic or basic. What colour is litmus in an acid? (g) Two of the isotopes of carbon are shown on the right. Define the term isotope. Isotope (h) The diagram shows the apparatus used for the electrolysis of water. (i) Name gas A. Name (ii) Why is acid added to the water? Why? (iii) What are the two rods labelled R called? What? ( ) 2010 J /20 Page 9 of 20

10 Question 5 (39) (a) The apparatus shown can be used to prepare and collect a sample of carbon dioxide gas. (i) Identify solid X in the conical flask. (3) Solid X (ii) What physical property of carbon dioxide means that it must be collected in the manner shown in the diagram? (3) (iii) What would happen if a lighting wooden splint was placed into a jar of carbon dioxide? (3) (b) A sample of magnesium was burnt in a gas jar of oxygen as shown in the diagram. On analysis afterwards it was observed that a powder was formed from the reaction between oxygen and magnesium. (i) What colour was this powder? (3) What? (ii) After further tests, a pupil concluded that magnesium oxide is a basic oxide. What test and results confirmed this conclusion? (6) Test Results 2010 J /20 Page 10 of 20

11 (c) The apparatus shown below was used by a pupil investigating the products of combustion of a hydrocarbon. (Note: the fuel being used by the Bunsen burner is the source of the hydrocarbon.) (i) What are hydrocarbons? (3) One of the products of combustion of hydrocarbons is water vapour. (ii) How is the water vapour collected as water shown in the diagram? (3) How? (iii) Give a chemical test that the pupil could carry out to confirm that one of the products is water. What result should the pupil expect from the test to confirm that one of the products is water? (6) Test Result (iv) Identify (a) the black deposit on the upturned funnel and (b) liquid X. (6) (a) Black deposit (b) Liquid X (v) What colour change would you expect to observe in liquid X? (3) 2010 J /20 Page 11 of 20

12 Question 6 (39) (a) A pupil investigated the relative reactivity of zinc, magnesium and copper metals based on their reaction with acid as shown below. (i) List the three metals in order of increasing reactivity. (3) (ii) The pupil concluded that a highly flammable gas, which is less dense than the surrounding air is released during these reactions. What is the name of this gas? (3) (iii) Describe a test to confirm this gas was produced. (3) Describe (b) (i) Define the term ionic bond. (3) (ii) In the box below draw the bonding in a molecule of sodium chloride. (6) 2010 J /20 Page 12 of 20

13 (c) Water supplies are usually treated in a water treatment plant before use. (i) Name any two stages in the water treatment process. Give the function of each stage you have named. (12) Name 1 Function 1 Name 2 Function 2 (d) (i) Explain the term hard water. (3) Explain (ii) State one disadvantage of hard water. (3) Disadvantage (iii) The diagram shows an arrangement of apparatus suitable for removing hardness from water. Name the process shown in the diagram. (3) Name 2010 J /20 Page 13 of 20

14 Question 7 (a) (i) Name the piece of apparatus shown on the right. Physics Name (ii) Give one everyday application of this piece of apparatus. (52) Application (b) A pupil investigated the attraction and repulsion of magnets using the apparatus shown. (i) What was the retort stand made from? What? (ii) Why is your above answer important? Why? (c) The diagram shows a water tank. The hot water tap for a kitchen sink is connected to which pipe, A or B? Give a reason for your answer. Pipe? Reason (d) Look carefully at the circuit diagram shown. State which bulb(s), if any, light when the switch is closed. Give a reason for your answer. Which? Reason 2010 J /20 Page 14 of 20

15 (e) A runner took 2 seconds to travel 20 metres of an Olympic track race. The runner s legs generated 75 N of force during this time. (i) Calculate the work done by the runner. Work (ii) Calculate the power the runner developed during the race. Power (f) We are constantly looking for new and effective methods of renewable energy. Explain the terms biomass energy and geothermal energy. Biomass energy Geothermal energy (g) Name two energy conversions that occur in the radio shown. Name 1 Name 2 (h) State the law of the lever. State In the box provided draw a lever showing the fulcrum and one force acting on the lever. ( ) 2010 J /20 Page 15 of 20

16 Question 8 (39) (a) In science it is very important to record measurements accurately. (i) What is an opisometer used for? (3) (ii) Name the measurement device pictured. (3) Name (iii) What SI unit would be used by the apparatus mentioned in (i) and (ii) above? (3) (iv) The diagram shows the results recorded by three pupils when reading from a graduated cylinder. (3) Which reading is correct? Which? (v) How could the pupils prevent such errors occurring in the future? (3) How? (vi) What does a graduated cylinder measure? (3) 2010 J /20 Page 16 of 20

17 (b) Two pupils carried out an experiment to investigate whether a can with a dull black surface or a bright shiny one is the best absorber of heat. They placed warm water in both cans, situated them on either side of a radiator, and took temperature readings every 2 minutes for 10 minutes. The results are shown in the table below. Temperature ( C) Shiny Can Black Can Time (min) (i) Draw a graph, using this data, of temperature (y-axis) against time (x-axis) for both cans in the grid provided below. (12) (ii) Name two factors (variables) that the pupils need to control, in order to carry out a fair test. (6) Factor 1 Factor 2 (iii) What conclusion did the pupils come to after comparing results for both cans? (3) 2010 J /20 Page 17 of 20

18 Question 9 (a) (39) Describe, using a labelled diagram in the box provided, an investigation you could carry out to find the centre of gravity of a piece of cardboard. (12) (b) (i) How is sound produced? Sound levels are measured using what unit? (6) How? (ii) A ship gives out a high-frequency sound wave to the sea bed below it. The ship received the echo 6 seconds later. Calculate the distance to the seabed. (Speed of sound in water is 1500 m/s.) (6) Calculate 2010 J /20 Page 18 of 20

19 (c) Robert Hooke made a number of discoveries, including the effect of forces on elastic bodies now known as Hooke s Law. (i) State Hooke s Law. (6) State A pupil measured the weight of an apple of mass 0.2 kg. (ii) Distinguish between the terms mass and weight. (6) Mass Weight (iii) The apple was taken to the moon and the weight and the mass measured. Why was the weight of the apple less on the moon than on earth? (3) Why? 2010 J /20 Page 19 of 20

20 EXTRA WORK SPACE Indicate clearly the number and part of the question(s) that you are answering J /20 Page 20 of 20