Original article: How can Hands Fingerprints be inherited, and can we use them to early detection of bronchial asthma and Blood pressure

Transcription

1 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Original article: How can Hands Fingerprints be inherited, and can we use them to early detection of bronchial asthma and Blood pressure Zainab Abdulrahmman ohammad Al oma Biology Department College of Science- Basra University, raq Corresponding author: Dr. Zainab A..A. Abstract Background: he present study was performed on 94 individuals of 9 families. t was found the patterns of fingerprints were controlled by more than one gene. t was also revealed the association between the whorl fingerprints with bronchial asthma, while the high blood pressure did not show any relation with fingerprints patterns. ethodology: Fingerprints were obtained from 94 individuals.anova one way and basic statistics test were used. first analysis was to compare the frequency among the 9 families and then within each family alone. Basic analysis using erson factor were used to show the correlation between the fingerprints pattern s and the bronchial asthma and high blood pressure. edigree analysis chart were also used to see how the traits transmitted through the generations. Observations & esults: he presents showed the high frequency of the loop fingerprints in comparison with two other types when compared among the 9 families.t was also found a positive association between the whorl patterns and the bronchial asthma and a negative correlation with the loop while no correlation with the arch. On the other side no association at all between high blood pressure and the fingerprints patterns. Key words : Fingerprints patterns, pedigree analysis, high blood pressure. ntroduction n 1823, the Czech anatomy scientist urkinje discovered the fact of fingerprints and found that the fine lines in the fingertips differ from one person to another. hree types of these lines were found: arches, whorls or loops(cummins and idlow,1926). Walker,(1941) showed that even fingerprints differed according to their owners, making them a distinctive guide for everyone, but they can be inherited. hrough decades of research project, the hand has come back to be recognized as a strong tool within the identification of psychological, medical, and genetic conditions. Since then, this approach has been employed in varied scientific studies to determine relationship of fingerprints as genetic and/or chronic health markers. redicting genetic diseases through fingerprints and can through the fingerprint to know if the disease occurred.wo diseases were chosen to reveal the correlation with fingerprints. Asthma (Asthma) is an inflammation of the airways in the lungs (bronchi - Bronchi) and their derivation. he muscle that surrounds the airway will contract and accumulate a large amount of sputum in the airways that will block it. Asthma symptoms range from mild wheezing and wheezing to asthma and asthma attacks that may endanger life(longo et al.,211). he underlying cause of asthma is a genetic predisposition (ahajan et al.,211). Few researches have been engaged in studies on the detection of diseases by fingerprint which give new SSN:

2 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, hope in the discovery of diseases early by reading the fingerprints(gupta et al.,1995 ;ahajan et al.,211; Longo et al.,212; akhale et al.,212; Sahana et al.,213 and Singh et al.,216). Another type of disease represented by blood pressure was also concerned to find the correlation with the types of hand fingerprints. Each time the heart contracts, the blood runs through blood vessels called the arteries all over the body. he tissues and cells supply oxygen and nutrients to the growth. hese arteries regulate the pressure and amount of blood they undergo through regular expansion and contraction with the heartbeat. f these arteries lose their flexibility For any reason, arterial resistance increases blood pressure and blood pressure increases. he only study made on the correlation between the hand fingerprints and blood pressure was by Godfrey et al.,(1993). Objective he aim of the study was to follow the trait transmission through families and also to reveal potential problems of the health like allergy and blood pressure. aterials and ethods he hands were washed with soap and water to eliminate sweat,oily dirt. rinting ink was spread onto the fingertips and then were pushed firmly and rolled against paper. Statistical analysis One way, ANOVA (initab 16) was used to analyze the data. he possible correlation between the fingerprints shapes and the diseases was evaluated by using basic statistics with erson factor (r). he esults Fingerprints patterns inheritance he present study showed that the rate of the loop fingerprint of 94 persons of 9 families was highly occurred in 56% more than the whorl 41% and the Arch 2% that differ significantly at.1.figure 1a. On the level of families separately it was found that the first and the fifth families showed a significant differences among the three types of fingerprints in which whorl occurred in high frequency 68%,8 % respectively followed by the loop 32%,2% and the arch was % for both Figure 1b,f. While in the eighth family it was also found that the loop was 44% which was lower than the whorl 55% but did not differ while arch was 1% which showed a significant difference with two other whorl and loop fingerprints Figure 1i. On the contrary the second,the third and the sixth families exhibited higher frequency for the loop 8%,74%,63% respectively in comparison to 2%,26%,32% respectively for whorl and %,%, 5% respectively for arch Figure 1 c,d,g. n the fourth and the ninth families it was found that the loop was 56%,57% respectively which was higher than the whorl 44%,41% respectively but did not differ significantly with each other while the arch fingerprints rates were % and 2% respectively which differ significantly with the two previous fingerprints Figure 1e,j. n the seventh family it was found that the loop was 84% which was higher than the whorl 4% and arch 12% and also differ significantly with each other Figure 1h. Figures 2-1 shows the way of the transmission of the traits throughout the 9 families. SSN:

3 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Figure 1: Fingerprints distribution in (a= 9 families, b= 1 st family,c=2 nd family, d= 3 rd family,e=4 th family, f=5 th family, g=6 th family, i=7 th family, j=8 th family a.8.6 b c c.8.6 d.6 e 1 f g h i j SSN:

4 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Can bronchial asthma and blood pressure be detected by fingerprints he present study showed the correlation between fingerprints types and respiratory allergy. t was found that persons with high frequency of whorl fingerprints exhibited allergy symptoms which revealed the association between this type of fingerprints with allergy in which erson factor=.5 at p=.. on the contrary individuals with high frequency of the loop showed a negative correlation erson factor= -.5 at p=.. while people with arch prints showed no association that is the factor= - at p=.88. On the other side no association was found between hand fingerprints and the high blood pressure. Figure 2 edigree analysis of the 1 st family, the blue color refer to the loop, the red the whorl and the yellow the arch.,,,, represent thumb, index, middle, ring and pinky respectively. ight hand SSN:

5 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Figure 3 edigree analysis of the 2 nd family, the blue color refer to the loop, the red the whorl and the yellow the arch.,,,, represent thumb, index, middle, ring and pinky respectively. ight hand Figure 4 edigree analysis of the 3 rd family, the blue color refer to the loop, the red the whorl and the yellow the arch.,,,, represent thumb, index, middle, ring and pinky respectively. ight hand SSN:

6 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Figure 5 edigree analysis of the 4 th family, the blue color refer to the loop, the red the whorl and the yellow the arch.,,,, represent thumb, index, middle, ring and pinky respectively. ight hand SSN:

7 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Figure 6 edigree analysis of the 5 th family, the blue color refer to the loop, the red the whorl and the yellow the arch.,,,, represent thumb, index, middle, ring and pinky respectively. ight hand SSN:

8 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Figure 7 edigree analysis of the 6 th family, the blue color refer to the loop, the red the whorl and the yellow the arch.,,,, represent thumb, index, middle, ring and pinky respectively. ight hand Figure 8 edigree analysis of the 7 th family, the blue color refer to the loop, the red the whorl and the yellow the arch.,,,, represent thumb, index, middle, ring and pinky respectively. ight hand SSN:

9 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Figure 9 edigree analysis of the 8 th family, the blue color refer to the loop, the red the whorl and the yellow the arch.,,,, represent thumb, index, middle, ring and pinky respectively. ight hand SSN:

10 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Figure 1 edigree analysis of the 9 th family, the blue color refer to the loop, the red the whorl and the yellow the arch.,,,, represent thumb, index, middle, ring and pinky respectively. ight hand SSN:

11 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, Discussion here is some sort of inheritance of fingerprints in which the pattern types are transmitted genetically but the individual details that make the fingerprint unique do not inherit (eed et al.,26 ).Humans, primates and monkeys possess so-called protrusions of the skin covering their hands. hese protrusions include tops and grooves that provide friction to help constipation and hinder slippage. hese protrusions are always unique and no two people - even identical twins - have the same exact arrangement for these protrusions (Boder and ckie,1994). he present study showed that fingerprints transmitted genetically which was also proved by( Herman et al.,1976), but the present study ascribed the inheritance to gene interaction. t can be concluded from the figures that the traits exhibit the duplicate gene action in which are controlled by two dominant genes in thumbs,middles, rings and pinkies except the indices which show the dominant epitasis. n the duplicate action of genes A and B each one produce loop print separately but when they work together they produce whorl and the recessive alleles a and b produce the arch trait. n index the gene A and B produce whorl as well as a single B gene, while the A gene alone produce arch print while the recessive alleles produce loop fingerprint. supposed the following genotypes for thumbs,middles, rings and pinkies are: Loop A_bb, aab_. Whorl A_B_. Arch aabb. he genotypes for indices are: Whorl A_B_, aab_. Arch A_bb. Loop aabb. t was found a correlation between the whorl fingerprints with bronchial asthma which was contradicted with the studies made by Gupta et al.,1995 ;ahajan et al.,211; Longo et al.,212; akhale et al.,212; Sahana et al.,213 and Singh et al.,216 who referred to the increase in the rates of loop fingerprints in individuals with bronchial asthma. On the other side it was found no association with high blood pressure on the contrary to the study made by Godfrey et al.(1993) who found that whorl fingerprints associated with blood pressure. Conclusion y hypothesis supposed that fingerprint patterns are transmitted through generations of the same families, and my research reveal that. t was found that the inheritance of fingerprints was depending on gene interactions which mean more than one gene responsible for them. y research concentrated on the inheritance of fingerprint.he study was also SSN:

12 nternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical esearch, Volume: 5, ssue: 3, April 217, performed to show the association of fingerprints patterns with two diseases such as bronchial asthma and high blood pressue. Acknowledgement: would show my gratitude to all families who cooperated with me by providing me the fingerprints and allow me to make a questionnaire with them. eferences: 1. Boder W. and ckie. he book of an :he Quest to discover our genetic heritage, Viking Cummins H and idlow C. almar and plantar epidermal ridge configurations (dermatoglyphics ) in European- Americans. American Journal of hysical Anthropology.9(4) Godfrey K, Barker D J, eace J, Cloke J and Osmond C. elation of fingerprints and shape of the palm to fetal growth and adult blood pressure. BJ Aug 14; 37(691): Gupta, Sood A, Bharihoke V. Dermatoglyphic pattern in patients of chronic bronchial asthma. J Anat Sci. 1995;14: Herman S., Katznelson B and Batsheva B.he nheritance of Fingerprint atterns. Am J Hum Genet 28:28-289, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Loscalzo J. 18th ed. Vol. 2. USA: cgraw Hill; 211. Harrison's rinciples of nternal edicine; pp ahajan AA, Gour KK, hakare AE. he dermatoglyphic patterns in patients of bronchial asthma A qualitative study. nt J Biol ed es. 211;2: akhale SV, Borole BS, Doshi A, ore V. Study of the fingertip pattern as a tool for the identification of the dermatoglyphic trait in bronchial asthma. J Clin Diagn es. 212;6: [C free article][ubed] 9. eed., Viken. J. and inehart S. A. High heritability of fingertip arch patterns in twin-pairs. Am J ed Genet A. 26 Feb 1;14(3): Sahana B N, Bannur B, atil B G, Hadimani G A and Jose A. Dermatoglyphic pattern in patients with bronchial asthma : A qualitative and quantitative study. nternational J. of Healthcare & Biomedical esearch,volume : 2, ssue:1, October 213, ages Singh S, Khurana A K, Harode H A, ripathi A, akhare A, and Chaware.Study of fingerprint patterns to evaluate the role of dermatoglyphics in early detection of bronchial asthma. J Nat Sci Biol ed. 216 Jan-Jun; 7(1): Walker JF: A sex linked recessive fingerprint pattern. J Hered 32 :279-28, SSN: