Spring 2013 HAN Radiographic Procedures and Positioning I (6 Credits: 5 lecture + 1 laboratory

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1 Stony Brook University School of Health Technology and Management Health Science Program Spring 2013 HAN Radiographic Procedures and Positioning I (6 Credits: 5 lecture + 1 laboratory Professor: Joseph Whitton, MS, RT(R)(CT)(MR) joseph.whitton@stonybrook.edu Office: Level Tel# Description: This course is a lecture (5 credits) and 1 credit of laboratory study of routine clinical radiographic positioning of the upper extremities, lower extremities, shoulder, spine, chest, pelvis skull, abdomen, digestive system, urinary system, portable studies, operating room applications, angiography and advanced imaging techniques. Goal: To establish a strong understanding of the physical principles and clinical application of radiological image formation. Behavioral Objectives: Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: Positioning: 1. Describe standard positioning terms. 2. Demonstrate proper use of positioning aids. 3. Discuss general procedural considerations for radiographic examinations. 4. Adapt general procedural considerations to specific clinical settings. 5. Cite the structures demonstrated on routine radiographic/fluoroscopic procedures. 6. Adapt radiographic/fluoroscopic procedures based on special considerations. 7. Simulate radiographic/fluoroscopic procedures on a person or phantom in a laboratory setting. 8. Evaluate images for positioning, centering, appropriate anatomy and overall image quality. 9. Discuss equipment and supplies necessary to complete radiographic/fluoroscopic procedures. 10. Recite the patient preparation necessary for various contrast and special studies. 11. List and explain the routine and special views for all radiographic/fluoroscopic procedures. 12. Explain the purpose for using contrast media. 13. Differentiate between positive and negative contrast agents. 14. Name the type, dosage and route of administration of contrast media commonly used to perform radiographic contrast and special studies. 15. Distinguish between the types and purpose for various upper and lower gastrointestinal studies. 16. Identify methods and barriers of communication and describe how each may be utilized or overcome effectively during patient education. 17. Explain radiographic procedures to patients/family members. 18. Modify directions to patients with various communication problems. 19. Apply general radiation safety and protection practices associated with radiologic examinations. Patient Care 1. Identify the responsibilities of the health care facility and members of the health care team. 2. List the general responsibilities of the radiographer. 3. Describe the scope of practice for the radiographer as defined by the American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) and state licensure. 4. Explain the use of various communication devices and systems. 5. Explain specific aspects of a radiographic procedure to the patient.

2 6. Demonstrate correct principles of body mechanics applicable to patient care. 7. Demonstrate techniques for specific types of patient transfer. 8. Demonstrate select procedures for turning patients with various health conditions. 9. Describe select immobilization techniques for various types of procedures and patient conditions. 10. Describe specific patient safety measures and concerns. 11. Explain the purpose, legal considerations and procedures for reporting an accident or incident. 12. Describe methods for evaluation of patient status. 13. List the information to be collected prior to patient examination. 14. Describe the importance of Standard Precautions and Isolation Procedures. 15. Explain the special considerations necessary when performing radiographic procedures on an infant or a child. 16. Explain the special considerations necessary when performing radiographic procedures on a geriatric patient. 17. Describe the symptoms and precautions taken for a patient with a head injury. 18. Describe the symptoms and precautions taken for a patient with a spinal injury. 19. Explain the types, immobilization devices and positioning for upper and lower extremity fractures. 20. Describe the symptoms and medical interventions for a patient having a contrast agent reaction. 21. Explain the role of the technologist in patient education. 22. Describe the patient preparation for various barium studies. 23. Describe the procedure to properly prepare a patient for a barium study. 24. Describe the initial steps in performing a mobile procedure. 25. Explain the procedure for placing an image receptor under a patient in an orthopedic bed frame. 26. Describe the special problems faced in performing procedures on a patient with tracheotomy and specific tubes, drains and catheters. 27. Describe the procedure for producing diagnostic images in the surgical suite. 28. Explain the appropriate radiation protection required when performing mobile/surgical radiography. Image Evaluation 1. Discuss the elements of a diagnostic image. 2. Identify the steps in the decision-making process used in image analysis. 3. Describe an effective image analysis method. 4. Describe the role of the radiographer in image analysis. 5. Apply the process for evaluating radiographs for adequate density, contrast, recorded detail and acceptable limits of distortion. 6. Explain how the radiographer determines that the adequate level of penetration has been applied to produce the desired level of contrast. 7. List the parameters for evaluating visibility of detail on the image. 8. Discuss the method for evaluating image distortion. 9. Summarize the importance of proper positioning. 10. Discuss the impact of patient preparation on the resulting radiographic image. 11. Analyze images to determine the appropriate use of beam restriction. 12. Identify common equipment malfunctions that affect image quality. 13. Determine the corrective actions necessary to correct for common equipment malfunctions. 14. Differentiate between technical factor problems, procedural factor problems and equipment malfunctions. 15. Critique images for appropriate technical and procedural factors, and recommend corrective actions if necessary. Radiologic Pharmacology 1. Explain the effects of select drugs on imaging procedures. 2. Define the categories of contrast agents and give specific examples for each category. 3. Explain the pharmacology of barium and iodine compounds. 4. Describe methods and techniques for the administration of various types of contrast agents. 5. Identify and describe the routes of drug administration. 6. Discuss the purposes and advantages of intravenous drug administration over other routes. 7. Differentiate between the two major sites of intravenous drug administration.

3 8. Identify, describe and document complications associated with intravenous drug therapy and appropriate actions to resolve these complications. 9. Explain the current legal and ethical status of the radiographer s role in drug administration. 10. Explain a radiographer s professional liability concerning drug administration. Pathology. 1. Define pathology. 2. Describe the basic manifestations of pathological conditions and their relevance to radiologic procedures. 3. Discuss the classifications of trauma. 4. Describe examples, sites, complications and prognosis for classifications of trauma. 5. Describe radiologic procedures used in the diagnosis of trauma. 6. Describe the radiographic appearance of selected diseases. 7. Identify radiologic procedures and interventional techniques appropriate for diseases common to each body system. Evaluation: Exam Average = 50% Final Exam = 25% Assignments = 10% Laboratory = 10% Attendance = 5% Attendance is MANDATORY. The attendance grade will be reduced by 5 point for each unexcused absence and reduced by 1 point for each lateness or early departure. Three (3) lateness or early departures will be considered as one absent. Additionally, in accordance with the policies of the Health Science Department, three (3) unexcused absences will result in a final grade reduction by ½ letter grade. Each additional absence will result in a further grade reduction by another ½ letter grade. Excused absences can only be granted by the Chairman of the Health Science Department (Prof. Zelizer). Teaching Strategies: Lecture Small Group Work Laboratory Exercises Case Studies Required Materials: 1. Radiographic Positioning & Related Anatomy, 7 th Ed. Bontrager 2. Accompanying Workbook & Laboratory Manual, Vol I & II Bontrager 3. Turning Technologies Clicker for class participation Suggested: Bontrager s Handbook of Radiographic Positioning and Techniques (Required book for clinical year)

4 Course Outline: TOPIC 1 Introduction to positioning 2 Radiography of the chest 3 Radiography of the abdomen/pelvis 4 Exam I 5 Radiography of the upper extremities 6 Radiography of the upper extremities 7 Radiography of the shoulder girdle 8 Exam II 9 Radiography of the lower extremities 10 Radiography of the lower extremities 11 Radiography of the pelvic girdle 12 Skeletal Anatomy Review / Fractures 13 Radiography of the bony thorax 14 Exam III 15 Radiography of the spine 16 Radiography of the spine 17 Radiography of the spine 18 Exam IV 19 REVIEW 20 Comprehensive Final Examination

5 Americans with Disabilities Act: If you have a physical, psychological, medical or learning disability that may impact your course work, please contact Disability Support Services, ECC (Educational Communications Center) Building, room128, (631) They will determine with you what accommodations, if any, are necessary and appropriate. All information and documentation is confidential. Academic Integrity: Each student must pursue his or her academic goals honestly and be personally accountable for all submitted work. Representing another person's work as your own is always wrong. Faculty are required to report and suspected instances of academic dishonesty to the Academic Judiciary. Faculty in the Health Sciences Center (Schools of Health Technology & Management, Nursing, Social Welfare, Dental Medicine) and School of Medicine are required to follow their school-specific procedures. For more comprehensive information on academic integrity, including categories of academic dishonesty, please refer to the academic judiciary website at Critical Incident Management: Stony Brook University expects students to respect the rights, privileges, and property of other people. Faculty are required to report to the Office of Judicial Affairs any disruptive behavior that interrupts their ability to teach, compromises the safety of the learning environment, or inhibits students' ability to learn. Faculty in the HSC Schools and School of Medicine are required to follow their school-specific procedures.

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