Round 1. Ch.1: Science and Society (7 questions)

Transcription

1 BIO 1102 Quiz Game & Midterm Review Rules: Work in groups of 3-4 Put your Team Name all group members names at top of piece of paper When asked a question, talk amongst your group, but quietly! You don t want other groups to hear your answer You ll have ~1 minute to decide on an answer and write it down When the first round of questions are done, exchange papers with a nearby group and grade each others papers You may NOT use notes or textbooks! Bonus points awarded based on number of rounds your group wins! Round 1 Ch.1: Science and Society (7 questions) 1. In the hierarchical classification system for living things, which taxonomic category is at the top (i.e., it is the most inclusive)? Kingdom Phylum Domain Order 2. What is the scientific term for an educated explanation for a phenomenon, which may then be tested through experiments? 3. Most scientists accept experimental results if they could expect to get the same results of the time 4. Which variable, dependent or independent, should be plotted on the X-axis of a graph? 65% 75% 85% 95% 1

2 5. Which axis of a graph is the vertical axis, X or Y? 6. What is the term for a sham treatment (for example, a sugar pill instead of an active drug) in an experiment? 7. A number following an average, expressed as a +/-, and reflecting the confidence in the certainty of the results, is called the. 1. Domain 2. Hypothesis 3. 95% 4. independent 5. Y 6. Placebo 7. Standard error Answers Round 2 Ch. 3: Cell Structure and Function (9 questions) 1. Who was the first scientist to observe cells with a light microscope, and who coined the term cell? Charles Darwin Gregor Mendel Robert Hooke Erwin Chargaff 2

3 2. Which of the following types of organisms has prokaryotic cells? 3. What is the term for the synthesis of RNA, using the information on DNA? Animals Plants Fungi Bacteria 4. This organelle produces more membrane for the cell and is studded with ribosomes, whose products may be packaged and distributed by this organelle. smooth endoplasmic reticulum rough endoplasmic reticulum golgi apparatus peroxisome 5. This organelle is a safe place for the digestion of things such as bacteria or wornout organelles. lysosomes peroxisomes secretory vesicles golgi apparatus 6. A solution with a higher concentration of solutes than another solution is said to be (hypotonic or hypertonic). 7. How does the sodium-potassium pump help maintain cell volume? by pumping water out of the cell by pumping 3 Na+ ions out of the cell for every 2 K+ ions pumped into the cell by pumping 3 Na+ ions into the cell for every 2 K+ ions pumped out of the cell 3

4 8. How many ATPs (net) are produced in the process of glycolysis? 9. Where does glycolysis take place in the cell? Answers 1. Robert Hooke 2. Bacteria 3. Transcription 4. Rough endoplasmic reticulum 5. Lysosomes 6. Hypertonic 7. by pumping 3 Na+ ions out of the cell for every 2 K+ ions pumped into the cell Outside of the mitochondria (or in the cytosol/cytoplasm) Round 3 Ch. 4: Principles of Structure (8 questions) 1) Which primary type of tissue includes cartilage and bone? (muscle, nervous, connective, or epithelial) 2) Which primary type of tissue includes skin and glands? (muscle, nervous, connective, or epithelial) 4

5 3) Which primary type of tissue includes glial cells and neurons? (muscle, nervous, connective, or epithelial) 4) What type of cartilage is the most common, and found on the ends of long bones? (elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage, or hyaline cartilage) 5) Which type (or types) of muscle is (or are) under involuntary control? (cardiac, smooth, or skeletal) 6) A biological rhythm on a 24-hour cycle is called a rhythm. 7) The hormone produced by the pineal gland which helps regulate sleep is called. 8) In the central nervous system, which type of cell is more abundant: neurons or neuroglia (aka glial cells)? 5

6 1. Connective 2. Epithelial 3. Nervous Answers 4. Hyaline 5. Cardiac and Smooth (must list both) 6. Circadian 7. Melatonin 8. Neuroglia (aka glial cells) Round 4 Ch. 7: The Blood (8 questions) 1) Red blood cells contain what molecule which binds to oxygen? 2) Where are red blood cells produced? 3) Which of the following is the most common type of white blood cell? lymphocytes monocytes basophils neutrophils 4) Which of the following is a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies? platelets neutrophils B-lymphocytes T-lymphocytes basophils 6

7 5. T or F. It would be safe to give someone with Type AB blood a transfusion of Type A blood 6. Which of the following is a type of formed element in the blood that is crucial for forming blood clots? Red blood cells White blood cells Hemoglobin molecules Platelets 7. Name the hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates formation of new red blood cells (give either the abbreviation or the full name)? 8. How long do red blood cells live? 1. hemoglobin 2. Red bone marrow 3. neutrophils 4. B-lymphocytes 5. True 6. Platelets Answers 7. Erythropoietin (EPO) days Round 5 Ch. 6: The Muscular System (8 questions) 7

8 1. T or F. Muscles that work together to produce the same movement are called synergistic muscles. 2. T or F. The location where a muscle attaches to a bone and remains relatively stationary is called the origin. 3. Muscle cells are full of long, cylindrical structures that are composed of contractile proteins. What is the name for these long structures? Fascicles Muscle fibers Myofibrils sarcomeres 4. The contractile unit of a muscle that exists between two Z-lines and shortens with a contraction is called the: Myofibril Sarcomere T-tuble Sarcoplasmic reticulum 5. What substance is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and enables the attachment of myosin heads to actin filaments, allowing muscle contraction to occur? Sodium Acetylcholine Calcium Troponin 6. Which of the following is a protein that covers the myosin attachment sites on the actin filaments in a relaxed sarcomere? calcium myosin tropomyosin troponin 8

9 7. For the first 10 seconds of heavy exercise, muscles can use stored ATP energy for their activity. Then, for the next 30 seconds or so, the muscle can use another form of stored energy, and that is: Glucose Creatine phosphate Actin and myosin Fats 8. What is the name of the neurotransmitter that is released by motor neurons, triggering a muscle contraction? Dopamine Acetylcholine Epinephrine Norepinephrine 1. True 2. True 3. Myofibrils 4. Sarcomere Answers 5. Calcium 6. Tropomyosin 7. Creatine phosphate 8. Acetylcholine Round 6 Ch. 5: The Skeletal System (8 questions) 1. Which of the labeled structures is the sternum? 2. Which of the labeled structures is the clavicle? 9

10 3. What is the name for the layer of connective tissue on the outside of bone, to which nerves and blood vessels attach? 4. Which of the following is considered a synovial joint? skull vertebrae pubic symphasis elbow 5. Which of the following is considered a fibrous joint? skull vertebrae elbow lower ribs to sternum 6. Calcium from bone can be released into the blood stream if blood calcium levels drop too low. Which hormone causes this liberation of calcium? calcitonin parathormone (parathyroid hormone) insulin glucagon aldosterone 7. Name the type of cell that builds the models of future bones out of cartilage in a fetus? Osteocyte Osteoblast Osteoclast Chondroblast 8. What is the name of the process by which cartilage is replaced by bone in a fetus? 10

11 1. B 2. A 3. Periosteum 4. Elbow 5. Skull 6. Parathormone 7. Chondroblast 8. Ossification Answers Round 7 Ch. 8: Circulatory System (10 questions) 1) There are three layers of the heart. The outer layer, which anchors the heart in place and reduces friction, is called what? 2) T or F. The pulmonary circuit in circulation carries blood to and from the lungs. 3) Which structure in the diagram of the heart is the aorta? 4) T or F. Blood that exits the heart via the pulmonary arteries is rich in oxygen. 11

12 5) Pain in the chest that may signal a heart attack is called what? 6) T or F. The right atrioventricular valve is also known as the tricuspid valve. 7) The sinoatrial node controls and synchronizes heart beats. It sends its signal first to the (atria? or ventricles?) causing them to contract nearly simultaneously. 8) Which vessels supply the heart s muscle tissue with oxygen and nutrients? pulmonary arteries pulmonary veins superior and inferior vena cava coronary arteries 9) Which of the following statements are true of all arteries? They carry oxygen-rich blood They carry oxygen-poor blood They carry blood to the heart They carry blood away from the heart They have valves 10) True or False. Normal blood pressure is defined as at or below 140/90. 12

13 Answers 1. pericardium 2. True 3. E 4. False 5. angina 6. true 7. atria 8. Coronary arteries 9. They carry blood away from the heart 10. False (from 90/60 to 120/80 is normal) Study Study Study! If you have any questions, me or stop by my Office during Office Hours I will be posting a copy of this review on Carmen to help you study Also study your notes, text, sample questions, and diagrams to help you prepare for the midterm A little inspiration as you approach midterms This diagram is provided to help you study the bones of the pelvis The best way to predict your future is to create it. Abraham Lincoln The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. Eleanor Roosevelt 13