Physiology PHY 306. Physiology. Second year

Transcription

1 Physiology PHY 306 Basic Information Program(s) Title Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery; MB,B,Ch Department offering the course Physiology Academic year / Level Second year Date of specification approval 25 / 7 /2012 Total Teaching Hours Total: 238 Lecture: 140 Practical: 36 Tutorials: 32 Demonstration: 30 Integrated seminars (between physiology, anatomy, biochemistry & histology): 30 Allocated Marks Marks 250 Allocated Duration October through May (as per student) Course Director Prof. Dr/ Faten M Ali Diab Head of Department Teaching Staff 7 Professors 3 Assistant Professors 6 Lecturers 8 Assistant lecturers 9 Demonstrators 1 of

2 Professional Information 1- Overall Aims of Course Physiology Course Provides Students with: Aim 1 Knowledge of normal function and regulation of different body systems. Aim 2 Aim 3 Aim 4 Understanding of the mechanisms underlying the function of organ systems. Understanding alterations of normal functions and mechanisms of disease. Ability to test and evaluate the functions of different body systems. A. Recall of Knowledge and Understanding: By the end of the course, students will be able to: a6 a7 a8 a9 Course ILO Describe important cellular mechanisms of body homeostasis in, central nervous systems, special sense, endocrine, gastrointestinal system urinary system, reproductive, and metabolism. Recognize the function of urinary, endocrine, reproductive, central nervous system systems, special sense and metabolism. Describe physiological changes during growth and aging as regards urinary, endocrine, reproductive, central nervous system systems, special sense and metabolism. Describe altered function of urinary, endocrine, reproductive, central nervous system systems, special sense and metabolism. given in clinical context of various diseases Program ILO A1 A4 A5 A6 B. Intellectual Skills By the end of the course, students will be able to: 2 of

3 b4 b5 b6 Course ILO Integrate the normal and basic physiological facts of blood, cardiovascular, respiratory, nerve and muscle and autonomic nervous systems with clinical data Correlate functional alterations of common pathological conditions and diseases in blood, cardiovascular, respiratory, nerve and muscle and autonomic nervous systems with clinical data. Use problem solving skills in a variety of practical and clinical situations related to blood, cardiovascular, respiratory, nerve and muscle and autonomic nervous systems. Program ILO B1 B2 B5 C. Professional and Practical Skills By the end of the course, students will be able to: c13 Course ILO Practice basics of health and patient s safety and safety procedures during all examinations. Examine the sensory system. Program ILO c14 Examine the sensory system C1 c15 Examine the motor system and reflexes. C1 c16 Examine the coordinative function of the cerebellum. C1 c17 Examine the cranial nerves. C1 C6 c18 Examine the visual system: light reflex, near response, field of vision by perimeter. Color blindness by Ishehara test. C1 c19 Simulate examination of the fundus by the direct ophthalmoscope. C1 c20 Examine for hearing sense, taste and smell sensations. C1 D. General and Transferable Skills By the end of the course, students will be able to: d1 d2 d3 Course ILO Respect superiors, colleagues and any other members of the health profession. Gather, organize and appraise information including the use of information technology where applicable. Present the medical information in written, oral or electronic forms. Program ILO D3 D4 D6 3 of

4 d4 d5 Communicate ideas and arguments effectively. Developed during interactive teaching/ learning/training Be prepared for the lifelong learning needs of the medical profession. d6 Work constructively and cooperatively within a team. D9 d7 Practice self and peer evaluation. D10 d8 Manage time effectively D7 D8 D11 3- Course Contents Topics PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - Functional organization of the nervous system. Synapses - Functional anatomy. -Physiological types -Synaptic transmission. -Electric events at the synapse. -Properties of synaptic transmission - Transmission and processing of signals in neuronal pools. - Chemistry and physiology of synaptic transmitters. Sensory functions of the nervous system: -Sensory receptors & Receptor potential - Types of sensations - Ascending sensory tracts - Pain sensation - Pain control - Sensations from head and neck - Somatic sensory cortex Thalamus - Disorders of sensory system Motor functions of the Teaching and Learning Methods % L T P/ C O 32% of

5 nervous system: - Components of reflex arc & stretch reflex. - Golgi tendon reflex Cerebellar stretch reflex - Other spinal cord reflexes (Flexor withdrawal reflex, crossed extensor reflex & superficial spinal reflexes) - Generation of voluntary movement - Motor areas of the cerebral cortex. - Descending motor tracts. - Lesions of the motor system - Basal ganglia - Cerebellum Higher functions - Posture and equilibrium. - Postural reflexes - Reticular formation, - Brain electrical activity, - Consciousness and sleep. - Higher brain functions, -memory and learning, cortical association areas, - speech. - Limbic system & hypothalamus SPECIAL SENSES Vision - Functional structure of the eye, - The Ocular Cavities, - Nerve supply of the eye ball. - Protective mechanisms for the Eye, Electromagnetic Radiations of Light -The cornea, sclera and lens -The Aqueous humor, Intraocular pressure (I0P) and Glaucoma - Near Response (Accommodation reflex), -Errors of Refraction - The Iris, - Light Reflex - Retina - Visual Field, - Visual Pathway, - 10% of

6 Lesion in Visual pathway, - - Colour-vision - Binocular Vision, - Methods of evaluation of retinal and optic nerve functions Hearing -Function of the External Ear, & Middle Ear. -The inner ear, - Mechanism of Hearing -Auditory pathway, Discrimination of sounds by cerebral cortex, - Hearing impairments -Deafness & Hearing tests Chemical senses (Taste & Smell) Mechanism of stimulation of taste & smell receptors- Taste & smell pathways ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND - Introduction & role of hypothalamus in endocrine system. - Anterior pituitary gland - Growth hormone - Prolactin Hormone - Posterior Pituitary and its hormones - Thyroid gland - Parathyroid glands -The adrenal glands - Endocrine pancreas GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY - Functional structure of the digestive system, -Basic digestive processes, - Regulation of the digestive functions, -Chewing - Salivary secretion - Swallowing, - Disorders of lower esophageal sphincter - Stomach - Pancreas - Liver 17% % of

7 - Gallbladder, - Hepatitis - Small intestine - Large intestine (colon) - Gastrointestinal hormones RENAL PHYSIOLOGY - Introduction - Renal Blood Flow - Formation of urine - Tubular Processing of the Glomerular Filtrate - Loop of Henle - Distal convoluted tubule - Regulation of tubular reabsorption -Renal countercurrent mechanism - Fluid and electrolyte balance - Control of extracellular fluid osmolarity - Control of body fluid volume - Measurement of renal function - Acid-Base Balance - Micturition - Disordered renal function REPRODUCTION Male reproductive physiology - Introduction - Testosterone, brain-testicular axis spermatogenesis - Male Sexual Behavior & Male Sex Act - Abnormalities of testicular function -Tests for testicular Functions Female reproductive system -Physiological anatomy of the female sex organs---the female hormonal system, Gametogenesis or oogenesis--- The ovarian cycle - The endometrial cycle and menstruation - Cyclical changes in the cervical mucus- 14% % of

8 Anovulatory cycle---indicators of ovulation---ovarian hormones -Puberty, menopause & pregnancy -The placenta & parturition GENERAL METABOLISM - Types of metabolic reactions - Metabolic rate - Calorimetry (direct and indirect). - Basal metabolic rate - Specific dynamic action - Respiratory quotient - Excess respiratory quotient. - Energy sources for muscular exercise - Oxygen debt - Thermoregulatory system - Feeding and satiety centres, factors affecting food intake, obesity, starvation Total 100% 140 5% (36+32) 60 (30D+30I) L: lecture, T: Tutorial, P: Practical, C: Clinical, SDL: Self Directed Learning, EL: e- learning, O: Others, D: Demonstration EOW, I: Integrated seminars 4- Teaching and Learning Methods Teaching/ Learning Methods Recall of Knowledge/ Understanding Intellectual skills Professional/ Practical GTS 4.1- Lectures 4.2- Tutorials b4-b6 d1,d4,d7,d Practical c13-c21 d1d6,d7,d8 8 of

9 *4.3- E-learning classes b4-b6 **4.4- Self directed learning b4-b6 d1-d8 GTS: general transferable skills *e-learning **Presentations, homework assignments, self directed learning Facilities Required for Teaching and Learning Halls for tutorials Computer lab for e-learning classes and e-exams Audiovisuals 5- Teaching and learning methods for students with learning difficulties 1- Revision lectures and tutorial classes outside schedule 2- Assignments 6- Student Assessment Methods 6.1 Methods: Type Summative Assessment Formative Assessment Time Continuous Assessment Mid Year Assessment Method Weekly assessments in tutorials Online quizes (MCQs) Others Home Assignments Presentations Mid Term Written Exams [MCQ] Mid Year Written Exam ILOs Measured b1-b3 b4-b6 d1-d8 d1-d8 b4-b6 b4-b6 9 of

10 Final [MCQ] WRITTEN EXAM PRACTICAL EXAM ORAL EXAM b4-b6 c13-c21 b4-b6 6.2 Time Schedule Week Week 4 Week 8 Week 16 Week 20 Method Formative Assessment: Monthly Assessments in Tutorials Available to students all through the year Continuous Assessment All through the year Week 28 Week 10 (Mid Term Exam -1) Week 14 (Mid Year exam) Week 22 (Mid Term Exam -2) Research Presentations Written Exams(MCQ) Practical Exam END of YEAR Written Exam Multiple Choice Questions Short essay 10 of

11 Oral Exam 6.3 Weighing of Assessments Method Weight % Continuous Assessment Mid-Year Exam 20% Midterm exam-1 Midterm exam-2 Research Written Exam 8 % (20 Marks) 12 % (30 Marks) 50% Written Exam 50 % (125 Marks) Final 80% 30% Oral Exam Practical Exam (skills) 10 % (25 Marks) 10 % (25 Marks) Practical Exam (OSPE) 10 % (25 Marks) Total 100% (250 Mark) 7- List of References 7.1 Course Notes Department lecture notes 7.2 Essential Books (Text Books) Review of medical physiology. (2009).William F. Ganong.Twenty fourth edition..mc Graw Hill. LIBRAIRE DU LIBAN Text Book of medical physiology.(2006) Guyton& Hall.Eleventh edition. Inter-national edition. ELSEVIER SAUNDERS. 7.3 Recommended Books (Available at department and faculty library) 11 of

12 Review of medical physiology. ( 2009).William F. Ganong.Twenty fourth edition..mc Graw Hill. LIBRAIRE DU LIBAN. Text Book of medical physiology.(2006). Guyton& Hall.Eleventh edition. Inter-national edition. ELSEVIER SAUNDERS. 7.4 Periodicals, Web Sites, etc Table of specification Unit Teaching Weight Marks topic Hours Central Nervous % 80 System Special Senses % 37.5 Endocrine System % 42.5 Gastrointestinal % 30 Physiology Renal Physiology % 35 Reproduction 10 7 % 17.5 General Metabolism 8 5 % 12.5 Course Coordinator Date Dr. Mona Ahmed ahmed 25/ 7 / 2012 Head of the department: Professor Dr / Faten Mahmoud Ali Diab Date: 25 / 7 / of