SAN DIEGO COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT CITY, MESA, AND MIRAMAR COLLEGES ASSOCIATE DEGREE COURSE OUTLINE

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1 BIOL 235 CIC Approval: 04/13/2000 BOT APPROVAL: STATE APPROVAL: EFFECTIVE TERM: Fall 1998 SECTION I SAN DIEGO COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT CITY, MESA, AND MIRAMAR COLLEGES ASSOCIATE DEGREE COURSE OUTLINE SUBJECT AREA AND COURSE NUMBER: Biology 235 COURSE TITLE: Human Physiology Units: 4 Letter Grade or Pass/No Pass Option CATALOG COURSE DESCRIPTION: This is an introductory course which investigates the functions of the human body with emphasis on the nervous, endocrine, muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, excretory and reproductive systems. This course is intended to meet requirements for students in the fields of nursing, paramedical sciences, psychology, biology, and physical education. REQUISITES: Advisory: Prerequisite: BIOL 107 with a grade of "C" or better, or equivalent BIOL 230 with a grade of "C" or better, or equivalent & CHEM 100 with a grade of "C" or better, or equivalent & CHEM 100L with a grade of "C" or better, or equivalent FIELD TRIP REQUIREMENTS: May be required TRANSFER APPLICABILITY: Associate Degree Credit & transfer to CSU CSU General Education IGETC UC Transfer Course List TOTAL LECTURE HOURS: TOTAL LAB HOURS: STUDENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of the course the student will be able to: 1. Describe, analyze and apply the use of graphs, tables, charts and diagrams as related to lab exercises. 2. Define, distinguish and apply the principles of homeostasis. 3. Define, describe, and compare and contrast the basic cellular organelles. 4. Discuss and examine the functions of the plasma membrane and neuron physiology. 5. Recall and discuss the anatomy and functions of the central nervous system. 6. Interpret, discuss and describe the peripheral nervous system to include sensory apparatus, receptor physiology, somatic and automic nervous systems. 7. List, define and compare the structures and steps that contribute to a strated (skeletal) muscle contraction. 8. Apply the anatomy of the heart to evaluate cardiac function, control and select cardiovascular Status: Active page 1 of 6 Date Printed: 04/25/2018

2 diseases. 9. Compare all of the various circulatory elements including the lymphatic system. 10. List, discuss and classify the homeostatic mechanisms for blood pressure. 11. Define and distinguish the cellular and non-cellular components of blood. 12. List, define and discuss the key elements of the immune system and evaluate immune diseases to include specific and non-specific immune responses. 13. Analyze the functions of the respiratory system including gas exchange, ventilation control, and cellular gas transport. 14. Define, compare, and contrast the functions of the urinary system. 15. Define, discuss and relate the mechanisms used to maintain fluid and ph homeostasis. 16. Recall the basic anatomy of the digestive system in order to discuss and analyze the digestion of various organic molecules. 17. Describe and relate energy balance and termoregulation. 18. List the endocrine glands, compare and contrast their secretions and homeostatic functions. 19. Apply knowledge of the endocrine system to discuss and evaluate select diseases that represent upsets in endocrine homeostasis. 20. Compare and contrast gametogenesis, and the homeostatic functions of the reproductive system in order to evaluate select diseases of the reproductive system. SECTION II 1. COURSE OUTLINE AND SCOPE: A. Outline Of Topics: The following topics are included in the framework of the course but are not intended as limits on content. The order of presentation and relative emphasis will vary with each instructor. I. Lecture: A. Concepts of homeostasis 1. Body fluid types 2. Water deficit 3. Thermoregulation 4. Positive and Negative feed back 5. Upsets in Homeostasis B. Cellular Organelles 1. Location 2. Structure 3. Function C. Plasma membrane 1. Membrane Structure a. Phospholipids b. Proteins c. Carbohydrates d. Cholesterol 2. Membrane Transport Mechanisms a. Simple Diffusion b. Osmosis c. Facilitated Diffusion d. Active Transport e. Pump Mechanisms 3. Membrane Potentials and Equilibria a. Sodium Equilibrium b. Potassium Equilibrium c. Cell Resting Potential d. Neuron Anatomy e. Action potential f. Propagation g. Refractory Period h. Receptor Potentials, IPSP, EPSP Status: Active page 2 of 6 Date Printed: 04/25/2018

3 D. E. F. G. H. 4. Myelination a. Structure b. Functions 5. Neurotransmission a. Synaptic Potentials b. Steps in Neurotransmission c. Factors affecting neurotransmission Central Nervous System 1. Basic Anatomy 2. Integration with Peripheral Nervous System 3. Functions of Brain Components a. Cerebral Cortex b. Basal Nuclei c. Thalamus d. Hypothalamus e. Cerebellum f. Limbic System g. Brain Stem h. Spinal Cord i. Reflex Arcs Peripheral Nervous System 1. Receptor Types 2. Receptor Potentials 3. Analgesic systems 4. Vision a. Refraction of light b. Accommodation c. Errors in refraction d. Phototransduction e. Rod and Cone Systems f. Lateral Inhibition 5. Hearing a. Sound Transduction b. Vestibular Apparatus and Balance 6. Chemical Senses a. Anatomy of Smell and Taste b. Functions of Smell and Taste 7. Autonomic Nervous System a. Characteristics of the Parasympathetic N.S. b. Characteristics of the Sympathetic N.S. c. Comparison of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic 8. Somatic Nervous system End Plate Potential Muscle Physiology 1. Skeletal Muscle Structure 2. Steps in Skeletal Muscle Contraction 3. Skeletal Muscle Energetics 4. Muscle and Tendon Sensors 5. Comparison of Three Muscle Types Cardiac Physiology 1. Fetal Circulation 2. Cardiac Pacemakers/Autorhythmicity 3. Cardiac Action Potentials 4. Electrocardiograms 5. Murmurs 6. Cardia Cycle 7. Cardia Output/Frank/Starling 8. Hear Nourishment/Coronary Artery 9. Cholesterol and Hear Disease and Avoidance Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure 1. Blood Delivery System Status: Active page 3 of 6 Date Printed: 04/25/2018

4 I. J. 2. Blood Pressure vs. Vessel Radius 3. Factors Affecting Resistance to Flow 4. Sphygmomanometry 5. Arterial Characteristics 6. Arteriole Characteristics 7. Capillary Characteristics 8. Bulk Flow Pressures 9. Venous Characteristics 10. Lymph System Characteristics 11. Methods of Venous Return 12. Blood Pressure Homeostasis 13. Baroreceptor Reflexes Blood and Body Defenses 1. Plasma Components 2. red blood Cell Origins 3. Structure of Hemoglobin 4. Platelets and Clotting Mechanics 5. White Blood Cell Types 6. Lymphoidal Tissue 7. Non Specific Immune System Responses a. Inflammation Response b. Natural Killer Cells c. Interferon d. Complement System 8. Specific Immune Responses a. B-Lymphocyte origins b. B-Cell propagation c. Clonal Selection Theory d. Acquired immunity e. Antibody Structure/Function f. T-Lymphocyte Types g. T-Cell Functions h. Synergistic Actions i. Immune System Selected Diseases Respiratory System and Control of Breathing 1. Respiratory System Basic Anatomy and Histology 2. Ventilation Mechanics a. Ambient Pressures b. Muscles c. Ventilation Control d. Surfactants 3. Ventilation Diseases a. Asthma b. Chronic Bronchitis c. E B. Reading Assignments: Reading assignments are required and may include but, are not limited to, the following: I. Bellah, K. Clinical Health Issues Handbook, West Publishers 2nd ed II. Guyton, A.C., Human Physiology and Mechanisms of Disease., Saunders Publishers 6th ed III. Hadley, M., Endocrinology, Prentice Hall Publishers, 4th ed., 1996 IV. Malvin, R.L., Concepts of Human Physiology, Addison Wesley Publishers, 1st ed V. Sackheim, G. I. An Introduction to Chemistry for Biology Students. Benjamin/Cummings Publ., 5th ed. VI. Science News, Published monthly. A Science Service Publication. VII. Silverthorn, D.U., Human Physiology, An Integrated Approach, Prentice Hall Publishers 1st ed Stalheim-Smith, A., Understanding Human Anatomy and Physiology, West Publishers, latest ed. C. Appropriate Assignments that Demonstrate Critical Thinking: Status: Active page 4 of 6 Date Printed: 04/25/2018

5 D. E. Critical thinking assignments are required and may include, but are not limited to, the following: I. 1. Analyze and apply information extracted from graphs, tables, charts and diagrams to the principles of physiological homeostasis. II. 2. Evaluate relate and apply the Principles of Homeostasis to diagnose diseases. III. 3. Com[pare and ocntrast muscle energetics. IV. Relate the functions of the respiratory system to analyze respiratory diseases. V. Apply knowledge of the reproductive system to discuss, upsets in homeostasis and birth control. VI. 6. Analyze the endocrine system to evaluate endocrine disease. VII. 7. Using techniques learned in lab, design an original experiment. Appropriate Outside Assignments: Outside assignments may include, but are not limited to, the following: I. 1. Attending appropriate topical lectures and programs at local institutions, such as Kaiser Permanente, UCSD, SDSU. II. 2. Independent searches of selected topics of interest such as, homeostatic imbalances, diseases, muscle energetics. III. 3. Collaboration with other students to complete course work. Writing Assignments: Writing assignments are required and may include, but are not limited to, the following: I. 1. Weekly laboratory exercises and reports, that identify and elaborate on selected organ systems. II. 2. Homework questions that analyze homeostatic upsets as related to diseases integrated into laboratory exercise reports. III. 3. Short essays, reviews of current articles such as those that evaluate cardiovascular theory as related to heart disease. IV. 4. Semester projects that survey and analyze a disease from a clinical and epidemiological standpoint. 2. METHODS OF EVALUATION: A student's grade will be based on multiple measures of performance unless the course requires no grade. Multiple measures may include, but are not limited to, the following: I. In class objective and subjective examinations in the laboratory and lecture venues, that test for definitions and major physiological concepts. Attendance participation and completion of laboratory exercises that apply the practical aspects of Human Physiology. Out of class competion of laboratory reports on material that directly relates to principles of physiology and relative organ system functions. Participation and completion of any field trip assignments that show pragmtic approaches to understanding physiological concepts. Completion of any library projects that demonstrate a focus on a physiological topic. Completion of analytical semester projects on topics that reflect knowledge of physiological principles. 3. METHODS OF INSTRUCTION: Methods of instruction may include, but are not limited to, the following: * Other (Specify) * 1. Lecture and visual aids such as models, transparencies, charts, graphs, slides, films, videos, computer presentations, and laser disks. * 2. Discussion and problem solving in class and laboratory. * 3. Laboratory experiments involving pairs of students or larger groups. * 4. Dissections of animals. * 5. Field trips to various sites. * 6. Homeowrk assignments. Students are expected to do their own writing in their own words even if it is a group effort. Status: Active page 5 of 6 Date Printed: 04/25/2018

6 * 7. Handout material. * 8. Selected journal articles. * 9. Guest lecturers may also be used. * 10. Internet applications. 4. REQUIRED TEXTS AND SUPPLIES: Textbooks may include, but are not limited to: TEXTBOOKS: 1. PACKET. BIOL-C 235 (COSTELLO)(PAC2487 ), 10 ed. SDCC, 2. PACKET. BIOL-C 235 LAB MANUAL (COSTELLO)(PAC2486 ), 9 ed. SDCC, 3. SHERWOOD. FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSIOLOGY, 2 ed. WEST, ISBN: WCB. HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY (CLOTH), 6 ed. FOX, ISBN: WCB. HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY LAB GUIDE, 8 ed. FOX, ISBN: MANUALS: PERIODICALS: SOFTWARE: SUPPLIES: ORIGINATOR: Dickson Phiri CO-CONTRIBUTOR(S) DATE: 10/03/1987 Status: Active page 6 of 6 Date Printed: 04/25/2018