Cellular Pathology of immunological disorders
|
|
- Magdalen Hutchinson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Cellular Pathology of immunological disorders SCBM344 Cellular and Molecular Pathology Witchuda Payuhakrit, Ph.D (Pathobiology)
2 Objectives Describe the etiology of immunological disorders Explain the mechanism of immunological disorders Hypersensitivity 2
3 Immunological disorders Immunological disorders are diseases or conditions caused by a dysfunction of the immune system 1. Hypersensitivity reactions 2. Deficiency state 3
4 Hypersensitivity Disorders caused by an abnormally active immune system Individuals who have been previously exposed to an antigen are said to be sensitized Repeat exposures to the same antigen trigger a pathologic reaction; such reactions are described as hypersensitivity Exogenous and endogenous may elicit hypersensitivity 4
5 Hypersensitivity 4 types of hypersensitivity reactions Immediate hypersensitivity Antibody- mediated hypersensitivity Immune complex hypersensitivity Cell- mediated hypersensitivity 5
6 Hypersensitivity The development of hypersensitivity disease is often associated with the inherence of particular susceptibility gene HLA genes Non- HLA genes Hypersensitivity reflects an imbalance between the effector mechanisms of immune response and the control mechanism that serve to normally limit such response Control mechanism Effector mechanism
7 Human leukocyte antigen In humans the MHC is termed HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) Genes located on chromosome 6 It encodes cell surface molecules specialized to present antigenic peptides to the T- cell receptor (TCR) on T cells MHC molecules that present antigen (Ag) are divided into 2 main classes: Class I MHC molecules Class II MHC molecules
8 HLA diseases association Current Genomics, 2007, Vol. 8, No. 7
9 HLA diseases association Many hypotheses have been postulated and generally fall into two categories: (1) Those that blame mistaken identity in which an HLA allele appears to associate with the disease, although the actual culprit belongs to a different locus in the haplotype or associates through linkage disequilibrium (2) Those that implicate immune reactivity to self- antigens due to aberrant T cell repertoire selection, immune cross- reactivity with foreign antigens or immune attack on altered self antigens Discov Med September ; 16(87):
10 Type I: Hypersensitivity reaction
11 Type I : Immediate Hypersensitivity T H 2 cells play a central role in the initiation and propagation of immediate hypersensitivity reactions by stimulating IgE production and promoting inflammation 11
12 Type I : Immediate Hypersensitivity
13 Type I : Immediate Hypersensitivity Immediate (type I) hypersensitivity is a complex disorder resulting from an IgE- mediated triggering of mast cells and subsequent accumulation of inflammatory cells at sites of antigen deposition. These events are regulated mainly by the induction of T H 2 helper T cells that stimulate production of IgE (which promotes mast cell activation), cause accumulation of inflammatory cells (particularly eosinophils), and trigger secretion of mucus. The clinical features result from release of mast cell mediators as well as the eosinophil- rich inflammation
14 Type II: Hypersensitivity reaction
15 Type II : Antibody- Mediated Hypersensitivity Caused by antibodies that react with antigens present on cell surfaces or in the extracellular matrix Inflammation (when antibodies deposit) Cellular dysfunction (e.g. myasthenia gravis) Clinically, antibody- mediated cell destruction occur as following: Transfusion reaction Hemolytic disease of newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Drug reactions myasthenia gravis. (Image by Cumulus, GFDL) 15
16 Type II : Antibody- Mediated Hypersensitivity graves disease (hyperthyroidism symptoms) myasthenia gravis Mechanisms of antibody- mediated injury 16
17 Type II : Antibody- Mediated Hypersensitivity Phagocytosis is largely responsible for depletion of cells coated with antibodies Cells opsonized by IgG antibodies are recognized by phagocyte Fc receptors, which are specific for the Fc portions of some IgG subclasses When IgM or IgG antibodies are deposited on the surfaces of cells, they may activate the complement system by the classical pathway Complement activation generates by- products, mainly C3b and C4b, which are deposited on the surfaces of the cells and recognized by phagocytes that express receptors for these proteins. The net result is phagocytosis of the opsonized cells and their destruction
18 Type II : Antibody- Mediated Hypersensitivity Complement activation on cells also leads to the formation of the membrane attack complex, which disrupts membrane integrity by drilling holes through the lipid bilayer, thereby causing osmotic lysis of the cells This mechanism of depletion is probably effective only with cells that have thin cell walls, such as Neisseria bacteria.
19 Type II : Antibody- Mediated Hypersensitivity 19
20 Type III: Hypersensitivity reaction
21 Type III : Immune complex- mediated hypersensitivity Antigen- antibody complexes produce tissue damage mainly by eliciting inflammation at the sites of deposition Auto- immune disease mechanism Immune complex mediated diseases can be systemic, if immune complexes are formed in the circulation and are deposited in many organs localized to particular organs, such as the kidney (glomerulonephritis) joints (arthritis) IgG/IgM multimers 21
22 Type III : Immune complex- mediated hypersensitivity Pathogenesis of systemic immune complex mediated disease. The three sequential phases in the development of immune complex diseases are shown 22
23 Type IV: Hypersensitivity reaction
24 Type IV : T cell- mediated hypersensitivity The cell- mediated type of hypersensitivity is initiated by antigen- activated (sensitized) T lymphocytes, including CD4 + and CD8 + T cells Many autoimmune diseases are now known to be caused by inflammatory reactions driven by type IV hypersensitivity Reactions of CD4 + T Cells: Delayed- Type Hypersensitivity (DTH) and Immune Inflammation Reactions of CD8 + T Cells: Cell- Mediated Cytotoxicity 24
25 Type IV : T cell- mediated hypersensitivity Mechanisms of T cell mediated (type IV) hypersensitivity reactions 25
26 Type IV : T cell- mediated hypersensitivity Proliferation and differentiation of CD4+ T Cells Responses of differentiated Effector T Cells
27 Type IV : T cell- mediated hypersensitivity Reactions of CD8 + T Cells: Cell- Mediated Cytotoxicity - - CTLs directed against cell surface histocompatibility antigens play an important role in graft rejection The killing of infected cells leads to the elimination of the infection, and is responsible for cell damage that accompanies the infection (e.g., in viral hepatitis) 27
28 Type IV : T cell- mediated hypersensitivity 28
29 Autoimmunity
30 Mechanism of immunological tolerance - The phenomenon of unresponsiveness to an antigen - Self- tolerance = lack of responsiveness to an individual s own antigens, the mechanisms of self- tolerance can be broadly classified into two groups Central Tolerance à negative selection = eliminate self- reactive T cells à receptor editing = eliminate self- reactive B cells Peripheral Tolerance Anergy à irreversible functional inactivation of lymphocyte by costimulatory signals Suppression by regulatory T cells à IL- 10, TGF- β Deletion by activation- induced cell death à if T cells recognize self- antigens, they may express a pro- apoptotic member of the Bcl family, called Bim 30
31 Autoimmunity: Mechanisms Pathogenesis of autoimmunity Autoimmunity results from multiple factors, including susceptibility genes that may interfere with self- tolerance and environmental triggers (tissue injury, inflammation) that promote lymphocyte entry into tissues, activation of self- reactive lymphocytes, and tissue damage 31
32 Autoimmunity: Mechanisms Postulated role of infections in autoimmunity. Infections may promote activation of self- reactive lymphocytes by inducing the expression of costimulators (A), or microbial antigens may mimic self- antigens and activate self- reactive lymphocytes as a cross- reaction (B). 32
33 Conclusion
34 References Y. M. Mosaad, Clinical Role of Human Leukocyte Antigen in Health and Disease. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, 2015, 82, S.C.L. Gough and M.J. Simmonds. The HLA Region and Autoimmune Disease: Associations and Mechanisms of Action. Current Genomics, 2007, Vol. 8, No. 7 Robbins and Cotran. Pathologic Basis of Disease. 8th edition Saunders Elsevier
HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS D R S H O AI B R AZ A
HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS D R S H O AI B R AZ A HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS Are exaggerated immune response upon antigenic stimulation Individuals who have been previously exposed to an antigen are said
More informationThird line of Defense
Chapter 15 Specific Immunity and Immunization Topics -3 rd of Defense - B cells - T cells - Specific Immunities Third line of Defense Specific immunity is a complex interaction of immune cells (leukocytes)
More informationImmune system. Aims. Immune system. Lymphatic organs. Inflammation. Natural immune system. Adaptive immune system
Aims Immune system Lymphatic organs Inflammation Natural immune system Adaptive immune system Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Disorders of the immune system 1 2 Immune system Lymphoid organs Immune
More informationThird line of Defense. Topic 8 Specific Immunity (adaptive) (18) 3 rd Line = Prophylaxis via Immunization!
Topic 8 Specific Immunity (adaptive) (18) Topics - 3 rd Line of Defense - B cells - T cells - Specific Immunities 1 3 rd Line = Prophylaxis via Immunization! (a) A painting of Edward Jenner depicts a cow
More informationPrinciples of Adaptive Immunity
Principles of Adaptive Immunity Chapter 3 Parham Hans de Haard 17 th of May 2010 Agenda Recognition molecules of adaptive immune system Features adaptive immune system Immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors
More informationWhat is Autoimmunity?
Autoimmunity What is Autoimmunity? Robert Beatty MCB150 Autoimmunity is an immune response to self antigens that results in disease. The immune response to self is a result of a breakdown in immune tolerance.
More informationWhat is Autoimmunity?
Autoimmunity What is Autoimmunity? Robert Beatty MCB150 Autoimmunity is an immune response to self antigens that results in disease. The immune response to self is a result of a breakdown in immune tolerance.
More informationImmunology for the Rheumatologist
Immunology for the Rheumatologist Rheumatologists frequently deal with the immune system gone awry, rarely studying normal immunology. This program is an overview and discussion of the function of the
More informationThe Adaptive Immune Responses
The Adaptive Immune Responses The two arms of the immune responses are; 1) the cell mediated, and 2) the humoral responses. In this chapter we will discuss the two responses in detail and we will start
More informationImmunity. Acquired immunity differs from innate immunity in specificity & memory from 1 st exposure
Immunity (1) Non specific (innate) immunity (2) Specific (acquired) immunity Characters: (1) Non specific: does not need special recognition of the foreign cell. (2) Innate: does not need previous exposure.
More informationThe Immune System. by Dr. Carmen Rexach Physiology Mt San Antonio College
The Immune System by Dr. Carmen Rexach Physiology Mt San Antonio College What is the immune system? defense system found in vertebrates Two categories Nonspecific specific provides protection from pathogens
More informationThe Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) An introduction to adaptive immune system before we discuss MHC B cells The main cells of adaptive immune system are: -B cells -T cells B cells: Recognize antigens
More informationPage # Lecture 8: Immune Dysfunction - Immunopathology. Four Types of Hypersensitivity. Friend of Foe? Autoimmune disease Immunodeficiency
Lecture 8: Immune Dysfunction - Immunopathology Autoimmune disease Immunodeficiency Allergy and Asthma Graft rejection and Lupus Friend of Foe? Four Types of Hypersensitivity Allergic Responses - Type
More informationSelf-tolerance. Lack of immune responsiveness to an individual s own tissue antigens. Central Tolerance. Peripheral tolerance
Autoimmunity Self-tolerance Lack of immune responsiveness to an individual s own tissue antigens Central Tolerance Peripheral tolerance Factors Regulating Immune Response Antigen availability Properties
More informationBlood and Immune system Acquired Immunity
Blood and Immune system Acquired Immunity Immunity Acquired (Adaptive) Immunity Defensive mechanisms include : 1) Innate immunity (Natural or Non specific) 2) Acquired immunity (Adaptive or Specific) Cell-mediated
More informationC. Incorrect! MHC class I molecules are not involved in the process of bridging in ADCC.
Immunology - Problem Drill 13: T- Cell Mediated Immunity Question No. 1 of 10 1. During Antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), the antibody acts like a bridge between the specific antigen
More informationImmunological Tolerance
Immunological Tolerance Introduction Definition: Unresponsiveness to an antigen that is induced by exposure to that antigen Tolerogen = tolerogenic antigen = antigen that induces tolerance Important for
More informationCELL BIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: OVERVIEW OF HOST DEFENSES The human body contains three lines of against infectious agents (pathogens) 1. Mechanical and chemical boundaries (part of the innate immune system)
More informationAdaptive Immune System
Short Course on Immunology Adaptive Immune System Bhargavi Duvvuri Ph.D IIIrd Year (Immunology) bhargavi@yorku.ca Supervisor Dr.Gillian E Wu Professor, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences York University,
More informationTopics in Parasitology BLY Vertebrate Immune System
Topics in Parasitology BLY 533-2008 Vertebrate Immune System V. Vertebrate Immune System A. Non-specific defenses against pathogens 1. Skin - physical barrier a. Tough armor protein KERATIN b. Surface
More informationAdaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host
17 Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host SLOs Differentiate between innate and adaptive immunity, and humoral and cellular immunity. Define antigen, epitope, and hapten. Explain the function
More informationA. Incorrect! The duodenum drains to the superior mesenteric lymph nodes. B. Incorrect! The jejunum drains to the superior mesenteric lymph nodes.
USMLE Step 1 Problem Drill 11: Immunology Question No. 1 of 10 1. A 67 year old man is discovered to have metastatic disease involving his inferior mesenteric lymph nodes. His primary cancer is most likely
More informationIntroduction to Immunopathology
MICR2209 Introduction to Immunopathology Dr Allison Imrie 1 Allergy and Hypersensitivity Adaptive immune responses can sometimes be elicited by antigens not associated with infectious agents, and this
More informationAutoimmunity & Transplantation. Dr. Aws Alshamsan Department of Pharmaceu5cs Office: AA87 Tel:
Autoimmunity & Transplantation Dr. Aws Alshamsan Department of Pharmaceu5cs Office: AA87 Tel: 4677363 aalshamsan@ksu.edu.sa Learning Objectives By the end of this lecture you will be able to: 1 Recognize
More informationChapter 17B: Adaptive Immunity Part II
Chapter 17B: Adaptive Immunity Part II 1. Cell-Mediated Immune Response 2. Humoral Immune Response 3. Antibodies 1. The Cell-Mediated Immune Response Basic Steps of Cell-Mediated IR 1 2a CD4 + MHC cl.
More informationComplement. Definition : series of heat-labile serum proteins. : serum and all tissue fluids except urine and CSF
Complement Complement Definition : series of heat-labile serum proteins Site : serum and all tissue fluids except urine and CSF Synthesis : in liver appear in fetal circulation during 1 st 13 W Function
More informationHypersensitivity is the term used when an immune response results in exaggerated or inappropriate reactions harmful to the host.
Hypersensitivity is the term used when an immune response results in exaggerated or inappropriate reactions harmful to the host. Hypersensitivity vs. allergy Hypersensitivity reactions require a pre-sensitized
More information1. Overview of Adaptive Immunity
Chapter 17A: Adaptive Immunity Part I 1. Overview of Adaptive Immunity 2. T and B Cell Production 3. Antigens & Antigen Presentation 4. Helper T cells 1. Overview of Adaptive Immunity The Nature of Adaptive
More informationThe Immune System. These are classified as the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. Innate Immunity
The Immune System Biological mechanisms that defend an organism must be 1. triggered by a stimulus upon injury or pathogen attack 2. able to counteract the injury or invasion 3. able to recognise foreign
More informationEffector mechanisms of cell-mediated immunity: Properties of effector, memory and regulatory T cells
ICI Basic Immunology course Effector mechanisms of cell-mediated immunity: Properties of effector, memory and regulatory T cells Abul K. Abbas, MD UCSF Stages in the development of T cell responses: induction
More informationمحاضرة مناعت مدرس المادة :ا.م. هدى عبدالهادي علي النصراوي Immunity to Infectious Diseases
محاضرة مناعت مدرس المادة :ا.م. هدى عبدالهادي علي النصراوي Immunity to Infectious Diseases Immunity to infection depends on a combination of innate mechanisms (phagocytosis, complement, etc.) and antigen
More informationImmunology. Lecture- 8
Immunology Lecture- 8 Immunological Disorders Immunodeficiency Autoimmune Disease Hypersensitivities Immunodeficiency 1. Immunodeficiency --> abnormal production or function of immune cells, phagocytes,
More informationThe Adaptive Immune Response. B-cells
The Adaptive Immune Response B-cells The innate immune system provides immediate protection. The adaptive response takes time to develop and is antigen specific. Activation of B and T lymphocytes Naive
More informationVMC-221: Veterinary Immunology and Serology (1+1) Question Bank
VMC-221: Veterinary Immunology and Serology (1+1) Objective type Questions Question Bank Q. No. 1 - Fill up the blanks with correct words 1. The British physician, who developed the first vaccine against
More informationAntigen Presentation and T Lymphocyte Activation. Abul K. Abbas UCSF. FOCiS
1 Antigen Presentation and T Lymphocyte Activation Abul K. Abbas UCSF FOCiS 2 Lecture outline Dendritic cells and antigen presentation The role of the MHC T cell activation Costimulation, the B7:CD28 family
More informationFIT Board Review Corner March 2016
FIT Board Review Corner March 2016 Welcome to the FIT Board Review Corner, prepared by Sarah Spriet, DO, and Tammy Peng, MD, senior and junior representatives of ACAAI's Fellows-In-Training (FITs) to the
More informationAll animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately upon infection Vertebrates also have adaptive immunity
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The Immune System All animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately upon infection Vertebrates also have adaptive immunity Figure 43.2 In innate immunity, recognition and
More informationPhysiology Unit 3. ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY The Specific Immune Response
Physiology Unit 3 ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY The Specific Immune Response In Physiology Today The Adaptive Arm of the Immune System Specific Immune Response Internal defense against a specific pathogen Acquired
More informationDisruption of Healthy Tissue by the Immune Response Autoimmune diseases: Inappropriate immune response against self-components
Chapter 13 Disruption of Healthy Tissue by the Immune Response Autoimmune diseases: Inappropriate immune response against self-components Humoral imm 胞外 胞內 CMI: CD8 T Self Ag Self(Auto) antigen (encoded
More informationImmunology Basics Relevant to Cancer Immunotherapy: T Cell Activation, Costimulation, and Effector T Cells
Immunology Basics Relevant to Cancer Immunotherapy: T Cell Activation, Costimulation, and Effector T Cells Andrew H. Lichtman, M.D. Ph.D. Department of Pathology Brigham and Women s Hospital and Harvard
More informationchapter 17: specific/adaptable defenses of the host: the immune response
chapter 17: specific/adaptable defenses of the host: the immune response defense against infection & illness body defenses innate/ non-specific adaptable/ specific epithelium, fever, inflammation, complement,
More informationCHAPTER 18: Immune System
CHAPTER 18: Immune System 1. What are four characteristics of the specific immune system? a. b. c. d. 2. List the two main types of defense mechanisms and briefly describe features of each. 3. Give examples
More informationACTIVATION OF T LYMPHOCYTES AND CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY
ACTIVATION OF T LYMPHOCYTES AND CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY The recognition of specific antigen by naïve T cell induces its own activation and effector phases. T helper cells recognize peptide antigens through
More informationTopic (Final-03): Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity-Part II
Topic (Final-03): Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity-Part II MECHANISMS OF AUTOIMMUNITY The possibility that an individual s immune system may react against autologous antigens and cause tissue injury
More informationThere are 2 major lines of defense: Non-specific (Innate Immunity) and. Specific. (Adaptive Immunity) Photo of macrophage cell
There are 2 major lines of defense: Non-specific (Innate Immunity) and Specific (Adaptive Immunity) Photo of macrophage cell Development of the Immune System ery pl neu mφ nk CD8 + CTL CD4 + thy TH1 mye
More informationThe Immune System. Specific Immunity
The Immune System Specific Immunity What You Should Know Immune surveillance A range of white blood cells constantly circulate monitoring the tissues. If tissues become damaged or invaded, cells release
More informationHow the Innate Immune System Profiles Pathogens
How the Innate Immune System Profiles Pathogens Receptors on macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells for bacteria and viruses Broad specificity - Two main groups of bacteria: gram positive, gram-negative
More informationPROBLEMS WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. Blood Types, Transplants, Allergies, Autoimmune diseases, Immunodeficiency Diseases
PROBLEMS WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Blood Types, Transplants, Allergies, Autoimmune diseases, Immunodeficiency Diseases Antigens on red blood cells determine whether a person has type A, B, AB, or O blood
More informationChapter 1. Chapter 1 Concepts. MCMP422 Immunology and Biologics Immunology is important personally and professionally!
MCMP422 Immunology and Biologics Immunology is important personally and professionally! Learn the language - use the glossary and index RNR - Reading, Note taking, Reviewing All materials in Chapters 1-3
More informationDeterminants of Immunogenicity and Tolerance. Abul K. Abbas, MD Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco
Determinants of Immunogenicity and Tolerance Abul K. Abbas, MD Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco EIP Symposium Feb 2016 Why do some people respond to therapeutic proteins?
More informationDiseases of Immunity 2017 CL Davis General Pathology. Paul W. Snyder, DVM, PhD Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc.
Diseases of Immunity 2017 CL Davis General Pathology Paul W. Snyder, DVM, PhD Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc. Autoimmunity Reflects a loss of immunologic tolerance Mechanisms Auto-antibodies
More informationAdaptive Immunity. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R
PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R 16 Adaptive Immunity The Body s Third Line of Defense Adaptive Immunity Adaptive immunity
More informationEndeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au
Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au BIOH122 Human Biological Science 2 Session 9 Immune System 2 Bioscience Department Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au o Adaptive (Specific)
More information1. The scavenger receptor, CD36, functions as a coreceptor for which TLR? a. TLR ½ b. TLR 3 c. TLR 4 d. TLR 2/6
Allergy and Immunology Review Corner: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 8th Edition By Abul K. Abbas, MBBS, Andrew H. H. Lichtman, MD, PhD and Shiv Pillai, MBBS, PhD. Chapter 4 (pages 62-74): Innate Immunity
More informationAdaptive Immunity. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R
CSLO7. Describe functions of host defenses and the immune system in combating infectious diseases and explain how immunizations protect against specific diseases. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared
More informationImmunology Lecture 4. Clinical Relevance of the Immune System
Immunology Lecture 4 The Well Patient: How innate and adaptive immune responses maintain health - 13, pg 169-181, 191-195. Immune Deficiency - 15 Autoimmunity - 16 Transplantation - 17, pg 260-270 Tumor
More informationAdaptive immune responses: T cell-mediated immunity
MICR2209 Adaptive immune responses: T cell-mediated immunity Dr Allison Imrie allison.imrie@uwa.edu.au 1 Synopsis: In this lecture we will discuss the T-cell mediated immune response, how it is activated,
More informationMedical Virology Immunology. Dr. Sameer Naji, MB, BCh, PhD (UK) Head of Basic Medical Sciences Dept. Faculty of Medicine The Hashemite University
Medical Virology Immunology Dr. Sameer Naji, MB, BCh, PhD (UK) Head of Basic Medical Sciences Dept. Faculty of Medicine The Hashemite University Human blood cells Phases of immune responses Microbe Naïve
More informationBachelor of Chinese Medicine ( ) AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
Bachelor of Chinese Medicine (2002 2003) BCM II Dr. EYT Chan February 6, 2003 9:30 am 1:00 pm Rm 134 UPB AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES 1. Introduction Diseases may be the consequence of an aberrant immune response,
More informationImmune responses in autoimmune diseases
Immune responses in autoimmune diseases Erika Jensen-Jarolim Dept. of Pathophysiology Medical University Vienna CCHD Lecture January 24, 2007 Primary immune organs: Bone marrow Thymus Secondary: Lymph
More informationCellular Immune response. Jianzhong Chen, Ph.D Institute of immunology, ZJU
Cellular Immune response Jianzhong Chen, Ph.D Institute of immunology, ZJU Concept of adaptive immune response T cell-mediated adaptive immune response I. Concept of immune response A collective and coordinated
More informationDisorders Associated with the Immune System
PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Bradley W. Christian, McLennan Community College C H A P T E R 19 Disorders Associated with the Immune System Disorders of the Immune System Disorders of the
More informationLESSON 2: THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY
Introduction to immunology. LESSON 2: THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY Today we will get to know: The adaptive immunity T- and B-cells Antigens and their recognition How T-cells work 1 The adaptive immunity Unlike
More informationCell Mediated Immunity CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY. Basic Elements of Cell Mediated Immunity (CMI) Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
Chapter 16 CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY Cell Mediated Immunity Also known as Cellular Immunity or CMI The effector phase T cells Specificity for immune recognition reactions TH provide cytokines CTLs do the
More information. Autoimmune disease. Dr. Baha,Hamdi.AL-Amiedi Ph.D.Microbiology
. Autoimmune disease Dr. Baha,Hamdi.AL-Amiedi Ph.D.Microbiology, Paul Ehrich The term coined by the German immunologist paul Ehrich ( 1854-1915) To describe the bodys innate aversion to immunological
More informationAdaptive (acquired) immunity. Professor Peter Delves University College London
Adaptive (acquired) immunity Professor Peter Delves University College London p.delves@ucl.ac.uk Haematopoiesis Haematopoiesis Lymphocytes = adaptive response Recognition of pathogens by adaptive cells,
More informationScott Abrams, Ph.D. Professor of Oncology, x4375 Kuby Immunology SEVENTH EDITION
Scott Abrams, Ph.D. Professor of Oncology, x4375 scott.abrams@roswellpark.org Kuby Immunology SEVENTH EDITION CHAPTER 13 Effector Responses: Cell- and Antibody-Mediated Immunity Copyright 2013 by W. H.
More informationT cell-mediated immunity
T cell-mediated immunity Overview For microbes within phagosomes in phagocytes.cd4+ T lymphocytes (TH1) Activate phagocyte by cytokines studies on Listeria monocytogenes For microbes infecting and replicating
More informationT Cell Effector Mechanisms I: B cell Help & DTH
T Cell Effector Mechanisms I: B cell Help & DTH Ned Braunstein, MD The Major T Cell Subsets p56 lck + T cells γ δ ε ζ ζ p56 lck CD8+ T cells γ δ ε ζ ζ Cα Cβ Vα Vβ CD3 CD8 Cα Cβ Vα Vβ CD3 MHC II peptide
More informationChapter 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses
Chapter 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses 1/25/2016 1 Annie Leibovitz/Contact Press Images The Immune System Immune system provides resistance to disease Made up of two intrinsic
More informationIntroduction to Immune System
Introduction to Immune System Learning outcome You will be able to understand, at a fundamental level, the STRUCTURES and FUNCTIONS of cell surface and soluble molecules involved in recognition of foreign
More informationThe Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses Outline PART 1: INNATE DEFENSES 21.1 Surface barriers act as the first line of defense to keep
The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses Outline PART 1: INNATE DEFENSES 21.1 Surface barriers act as the first line of defense to keep invaders out of the body (pp. 772 773; Fig. 21.1; Table
More informationThe Innate Immune Response
The Innate Immune Response FUNCTIONS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM: Recognize, destroy and clear a diversity of pathogens. Initiate tissue and wound healing processes. Recognize and clear damaged self components.
More informationThey determine if there will be an immune response. Determine functions associated with immune response, but not specific to Ag.
Appendices A They determine if there will be an immune response. Antigen receptor genes in T cells (TCR) and B cell (Ig) Determine functions associated with immune response, but not specific to Ag. MHC
More informationAutoimmune Diseases. Betsy Kirchner CNP The Cleveland Clinic
Autoimmune Diseases Betsy Kirchner CNP The Cleveland Clinic Disclosures (financial) No relevant disclosures Learning Objectives Explain the pathophysiology of autoimmune disease Discuss safe administration
More informationMedical Immunology Practice Questions-2016 Autoimmunity + Case Studies
Medical Immunology Practice Questions-2016 Autoimmunity + Case Studies Directions: Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements in this section is followed by answers or by completions of the statement.
More informationChapter 23 Immunity Exam Study Questions
Chapter 23 Immunity Exam Study Questions 1. Define 1) Immunity 2) Neutrophils 3) Macrophage 4) Epitopes 5) Interferon 6) Complement system 7) Histamine 8) Mast cells 9) Antigen 10) Antigens receptors 11)
More informationTolerance, autoimmunity and the pathogenesis of immunemediated inflammatory diseases. Abul K. Abbas UCSF
Tolerance, autoimmunity and the pathogenesis of immunemediated inflammatory diseases Abul K. Abbas UCSF Balancing lymphocyte activation and control Activation Effector T cells Tolerance Regulatory T cells
More informationImmunology. Teamwork 437. Lecture (3): Cell Mediated Immunity. Color index: IMPORTANT Definition Explanations + notes Extra (or gray)
IMMUNOLOGY TEAM 437 Immunology Teamwork 437 Lecture (3): Cell Mediated Immunity Color index: IMPORTANT Definition Explanations + notes Extra (or gray) Objectives To describe antigen recognition by T cells.
More informationHLA and antigen presentation. Department of Immunology Charles University, 2nd Medical School University Hospital Motol
HLA and antigen presentation Department of Immunology Charles University, 2nd Medical School University Hospital Motol MHC in adaptive immunity Characteristics Specificity Innate For structures shared
More informationHLA and antigen presentation. Department of Immunology Charles University, 2nd Medical School University Hospital Motol
HLA and antigen presentation Department of Immunology Charles University, 2nd Medical School University Hospital Motol MHC in adaptive immunity Characteristics Specificity Innate For structures shared
More informationRAISON D ETRE OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM:
RAISON D ETRE OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM: To Distinguish Self from Non-Self Thereby Protecting Us From Our Hostile Environment. Innate Immunity Acquired Immunity Innate immunity: (Antigen nonspecific) defense
More informationAnaphylactic response in rabbit Part II
Anaphylactic response in rabbit Part II Introduction Four types of hypersensitivity reactions: Type I: allergy Type II: antibodies Type III: immune complex Type IV: T-cells Type I Hypersensitivity ALLERGY
More informationTarget cell lysis Opsonization Activation of the inflammatory response (e.g. degranulation, extravasation) Clearance of immune complexes
Immunology Dr. John J. Haddad Chapter 13 Complement Major roles of complement (Figure 13-1): Target cell lysis Opsonization Activation of the inflammatory response (e.g. degranulation, extravasation) Clearance
More informationEffector T Cells and
1 Effector T Cells and Cytokines Andrew Lichtman, MD PhD Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School 2 Lecture outline Cytokines Subsets of CD4+ T cells: definitions, functions, development New
More informationProperties & Overview of IRs Dr. Nasser M. Kaplan JUST, Jordan. 10-Jul-16 NM Kaplan 1
Properties & Overview of IRs Dr. Nasser M. Kaplan JUST, Jordan 10-Jul-16 NM Kaplan 1 Major components of IS & their properties Definitions IS = cells & molecules responsible for: 1- Physiologic; protective
More informationMon, Wed, Fri 11:00 AM-12:00 PM. Owen, Judy, Jenni Punt, and Sharon Stranford Kuby-Immunology, 7th. Edition. W.H. Freeman and Co., New York.
Course Title: Course Number: Immunology Biol-341/541 Semester: Fall 2013 Location: HS 268 Time: Instructor: 8:00-9:30 AM Tue/Thur Dr. Colleen M. McDermott Office: Nursing Ed 101 (424-1217) E-mail*: mcdermot@uwosh.edu
More informationImmunology. T-Lymphocytes. 16. Oktober 2014, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Karin Peters,
Immunology T-Lymphocytes 16. Oktober 2014, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Karin Peters, karin.peters@rub.de The role of T-effector cells in the immune response against microbes cellular immunity humoral immunity
More information[AUTOIMMUNITY] July 14, 2013
This sheet includes only the extra notes. Slide 5,6: [AUTOIMMUNITY] July 14, 2013 Autoimmunity is the condition or case where the immune system is activated by self antigensand when the immune system no
More informationThe Lymphatic System and Body Defenses
PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses 12PART B Adaptive Defense System: Third Line of Defense Immune
More informationDr. Yi-chi M. Kong August 8, 2001 Benjamini. Ch. 19, Pgs Page 1 of 10 TRANSPLANTATION
Benjamini. Ch. 19, Pgs 379-399 Page 1 of 10 TRANSPLANTATION I. KINDS OF GRAFTS II. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DONOR AND RECIPIENT Benjamini. Ch. 19, Pgs 379-399 Page 2 of 10 II.GRAFT REJECTION IS IMMUNOLOGIC
More informationAttribution: University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Attribution: University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Immunology License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
More informationimmunity defenses invertebrates vertebrates chapter 48 Animal defenses --
defenses Animal defenses -- immunity chapter 48 invertebrates coelomocytes, amoebocytes, hemocytes sponges, cnidarians, etc. annelids basophilic amoebocytes, acidophilic granulocytes arthropod immune systems
More informationThe Immune System is the Third Line of Defense Against Infection. Components of Human Immune System
Chapter 17: Specific Host Defenses: The Immune Response The Immune Response Immunity: Free from burden. Ability of an organism to recognize and defend itself against specific pathogens or antigens. Immune
More informationChapter 21: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses
Chapter 21: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses I. 2 main types of body defenses A. Innate (nonspecific) defense: not to a specific microorganism or substance B. Adaptive (specific) defense: immunity to
More informationI. Lines of Defense Pathogen: Table 1: Types of Immune Mechanisms. Table 2: Innate Immunity: First Lines of Defense
I. Lines of Defense Pathogen: Table 1: Types of Immune Mechanisms Table 2: Innate Immunity: First Lines of Defense Innate Immunity involves nonspecific physical & chemical barriers that are adapted for
More informationFoundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition
Lecture PowerPoint to accompany Foundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition Talaro Chapter 16 To run the animations you must be in Slideshow View. Use the buttons on the animation to play, pause, and turn
More informationDefensive mechanisms include :
Acquired Immunity Defensive mechanisms include : 1) Innate immunity (Natural or Non specific) 2) Acquired immunity (Adaptive or Specific) Cell-mediated immunity Humoral immunity Two mechanisms 1) Humoral
More information11/25/2017. THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Chapter 43 IMMUNITY INNATE IMMUNITY EXAMPLE IN INSECTS BARRIER DEFENSES INNATE IMMUNITY OF VERTEBRATES
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Chapter 43 IMMUNITY INNATE IMMUNITY EXAMPLE IN INSECTS Exoskeleton made of chitin forms the first barrier to pathogens Digestive system is protected by a chitin-based barrier and lysozyme,
More informationI. Defense Mechanisms Chapter 15
10/24/11 I. Defense Mechanisms Chapter 15 Immune System Lecture PowerPoint Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Defense Mechanisms Protect against
More information