Joints. Ar*cula*ons of bones Func*ons of joints. Ways joints are classified. Hold bones together Allow for mobility. Func*onally Structurally
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1 Joints Ar*cula*ons of bones Func*ons of joints Hold bones together Allow for mobility Ways joints are classified Func*onally Structurally
2 Func*onal Classifica*on of Joints Synarthroses immovable joints Amphiarthroses slightly moveable joints Diarthroses freely moveable joints
3 Structural Classifica*on of Joints Fibrous joints Generally immovable Car*laginous joints Immovable or slightly moveable Synovial joints Freely moveable
4 Structural Classifica*on 1. Fibrous joints (synarthroses): adjacent bones are joined by collagen fibers. 3 kinds: - sutures, gomphoses and syndesmoses. 2. Car*laginous joints (amphiarthroses): two bones are joined by car*lage. 2 kinds: - synchondroses, and symphyses. 3. Synovial joints (Diarthroses): freely movable and most common joint in the body. (6)
5 Fibrous Joints Bones united by fibrous *ssue Examples Sutures (skull) Gomphoses (teeth) Syndesmoses Allows more movement than sutures Example: distal end of *bia and fibula
6 Car*laginous Joints Bones connected by car*lage Examples Pubic symphysis Intervertebral joints (Synchondroses) Figure 5.27d e
7 Synovial Joints Ar*cula*ng bones are separated by a joint cavity Synovial fluid is found in the joint cavity Figure 5.24f h
8 Features of Synovial Joints Ar*cular car*lage (hyaline car*lage) covers the ends of bones Have a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid Ligaments reinforce the joint
9 Types of Synovial Joints 1. Plane (gliding) Joints 2. Hinge Joints 3. Pivot Joints 4. Condyloid Joints 5. Saddle Joints 6. Ball and Socket Joints
10
11 1. gliding - bony surfaces of bone slide or glide over each other
12 1. gliding - bony surfaces of bone slide or glide over each other 2. flexion - bending movement that decreases the angle
13 1. gliding - bony surfaces of bone slide or glide over each other 2. flexion - bending movement that decreases the angle 3. extension movement the increases the angle, opposite of lexion
14 1. gliding - bony surfaces of bone slide or glide over each other 2. flexion - bending movement that decreases the angle 3. extension movement the increases the angle, opposite of lexion 4. abduc*on moving away from longitudinal axis
15 1. gliding - bony surfaces of bone slide or glide over each other 2. flexion - bending movement that decreases the angle 3. extension movement the increases the angle, opposite of lexion 4. abduc*on moving away from longitudinal axis 5. adduc*on movement toward the longitudinal axis
16 1. gliding - bony surfaces of bone slide or glide over each other 2. flexion - bending movement that decreases the angle 3. extension movement the increases the angle, opposite of lexion 4. abduc*on moving away from longitudinal axis 5. adduc*on movement toward the longitudinal axis 6. circumduc*on movement of the limb such that it describes a cone
17 1. gliding - bony surfaces of bone slide or glide over each other 2. flexion - bending movement that decreases the angle 3. extension movement the increases the angle, opposite of lexion 4. abduc*on moving away from longitudinal axis 5. adduc*on movement toward the longitudinal axis 6. circumduc*on movement of the limb such that it describes a cone 7. rota*on turning the bone or limb around its long axis
18 1. gliding - bony surfaces of bone slide or glide over each other 2. flexion - bending movement that decreases the angle 3. extension movement the increases the angle, opposite of lexion 4. abduc*on moving away from longitudinal axis 5. adduc*on movement toward the longitudinal axis 6. circumduc*on movement of the limb such that it describes a cone 7. rota*on turning the bone or limb around its long axis 8. supina*on rota*ng the forearm laterally such that the palm faces superiorly
19 9. prona*on - rota*ng the forearm medially such that the palm faces inferiorly
20 9. prona*on - rota*ng the forearm medially such that the palm faces inferiorly 10. inversion - sole of the foot faces or turns medially
21 9. prona*on - rota*ng the forearm medially such that the palm faces inferiorly 10. inversion - sole of the foot faces or turns medially 11. eversion - sole of the foot turn laterally
22 9. prona*on - rota*ng the forearm medially such that the palm faces inferiorly 10. inversion - sole of the foot faces or turns medially 11. eversion - sole of the foot turn laterally 12. protrac*on - ju^*ng out of the jaw
23 9. prona*on - rota*ng the forearm medially such that the palm faces inferiorly 10. inversion - sole of the foot faces or turns medially 11. eversion - sole of the foot turn laterally 12. protrac*on - ju^*ng out of the jaw 13. retrac*on - moving the jaw backward
24 9. prona*on - rota*ng the forearm medially such that the palm faces inferiorly 10. inversion - sole of the foot faces or turns medially 11. eversion - sole of the foot turn laterally 12. protrac*on - ju^*ng out of the jaw 13. retrac*on - moving the jaw backward 14. eleva*on - li_ing the limb or body superiorly
25 9. prona*on - rota*ng the forearm medially such that the palm faces inferiorly 10. inversion - sole of the foot faces or turns medially 11. eversion - sole of the foot turn laterally 12. protrac*on - ju^*ng out of the jaw 13. retrac*on - moving the jaw backward 14. eleva*on - li_ing the limb or body superiorly 15. depression - moving the body part inferiorly
26 9. prona*on - rota*ng the forearm medially such that the palm faces inferiorly 10. inversion - sole of the foot faces or turns medially 11. eversion - sole of the foot turn laterally 12. protrac*on - ju^*ng out of the jaw 13. retrac*on - moving the jaw backward 14. eleva*on - li_ing the limb or body superiorly 15. depression - moving the body part inferiorly 16. opposi*on - to bring the thumb and index finger *ps together
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