The Science of Mixing Water Storage Tanks and The Tideflex Mixing System (TMS)

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1 The Science of Mixing Water Storage Tanks and The Tideflex Mixing System (TMS) Presented by: Michael Duer, P.E., Chief Engineer, Red Valve Co Red Valve Co. / Tideflex Technologies. All rights reserved.

How to Maintain Water Quality in Reservoirs 1) Minimize Short-Circuiting and Stagnant Areas (SEPARATE INLET AND OUTLET PIPE) 2) Achieve Complete Mixing During Fill Cycle (MIXING TIME LESS THAN FILL

2 How to Maintain Water Quality in Reservoirs 1) Minimize Short-Circuiting and Stagnant Areas (SEPARATE INLET AND OUTLET PIPE) 2) Achieve Complete Mixing During Fill Cycle (MIXING TIME LESS THAN FILL TIME) 3) Achieve Adequate Turnover (FLUCTUATE LEVELS) Tanks are DESIGNED to turnover Tanks NEED to turnover to minimize water age Built-in energy source inherent to distribution systems DESIGN OPERATIONS COMBINATION OF MIXING SYSTEM DESIGN AND TURNOVER/FLUCTUATION OF THE TANK

3 A Single Inlet Pipe Often Cannot Mix a Tank in Summer with Colder Inlet Water Georgia Tech and Red Valve Properly Designed Multi-Port Manifold Can Completely Mix in Summer

4 Original TMS Design Concept (I/O Pipe Separation) INLETS TIDEFLEX INLET NOZZLES WATERFLEX OUTLET CHECK VALVES TMS MANIFOLD PIPE OUTLETS OLD 2-PIPE SYSTEM

5 Waterflex Outlet Check Valve Waterflex Outlet Check Valves mount to standard fittings, have low headloss, and 150 psi backpressure rating Closed Tideflex Series 37 Outlets Required Special Fittings to fit their Length, had higher headloss, and limited backpressure rating Open

6 Tideflex Mixing System (TMS) Features Greener than Green. Passive. Uses energy source inherent to distribution systems differential pressure All TMS Configurations are CFD and/or Scale Modeled and Field Validated for Every Tank Style Achieves Separate Inlet and Outlet on a Single Manifold Pipe Achieves Complete Mixing with Variable Orifice Tideflex Inlet Nozzles No Maintenance - No Mechanical Parts NSF61 Certified Valves Elastomer Independently Tested for Chlorine and Chloramine Exposure no degradation Connected to Inlet/Outlet Pipe No Additional Tank Penetrations Required Easy Retrofit (dry or wet installation) Complete System Design At Least 30 year life

Optimized Jet Velocity of Tideflex Inlet

rates Tideflex Inlet Nozzles Maximize Jet

7 Optimized Jet Velocity of Tideflex Inlet Nozzles Fixed-Diameter pipes cannot optimize jet velocity Tideflex Inlet Nozzles optimize jet velocity at all flow rates Tideflex Inlet Nozzles Maximize Jet Velocity at ALL Flow Rates Compared to Fixed-Diameter Pipe

9 TMS for Circular Reservoirs

10 Town of Hillsborough, CA Sampling of (2) 0.5MG Reservoirs (60.5 Dia. x 23 SWD) Quarterly Samples taken in 3 quadrants and 3 depths (low, mid, high) HIGH MID LOW

11 Town of Hillsborough, CA Sampling of (2) 0.5MG Reservoirs (60.5 Dia. x 23 SWD)

12 TMS for Rectangular Reservoirs

13 TMS for Pedesphere, Hydropillar and Composite Elevated Tanks Tideflex Inlet Nozzles Waterflex Outlet Valves

14 Sampling 1.5MG and 2MG Elevated Tanks with and without TMS - McKinney, TX (3) Dedicated sampling lines (low, mid, high) run to continuous chlorine analyzer. Data for entire month of August MG Composite Elevated with TMS 1.5MG Composite Elevated without TMS 2MG Composite Elevated with TMS

15 TMS for Elevated Tank with Wet Riser Wet Riser Typically Diameter KNOCKS MOMENTUM OUT OF INFLOW!! INLET NOZZLES CFD- Wet Riser Inlet, Cold Water OUTLETS CFD- Multiport Inlet, Isothermal

17 Clark Public Utilities, WA Temperature Profiling Adjacent Standpipes, 0.5 MG and 1.5MG (125 Deep) Temp. Data Loggers Installed Every 20 Thru Depth. Logged Temp s Every 30 minutes for Over 1 Year Without TMS With TMS

18 Temperature vs. Depth Data Stratification Gets Worse in Smaller Tank from July to August Stratification Eliminated in Larger Tank with Mixing System 7/12/03 8/1/ Without TMS Without TMS With TMS 64 With TMS MG 1.5 MG MG 1.5 MG

19 ICING Case Study (Before TMS) Region of Peel 0.55MG Standpipe (30 Dia. X ) 30 Dia. x 10 Deep Slug of Ice In May! Ice removal took 2 weeks and $27,000

20 ICING Case Study (After TMS Installed) Region of Peel 0.55MG Standpipe (30 Dia. X )

Active Tideflex Mixing System (ATMS) Scientific facts about mixing water storage tanks Tanks and reservoirs need to turnover (fluctuate levels) to minimize water age.

3) Fixed-diameter inlet pipes are inefficient in mixing and often cause water quality problems. The Passive TMS is proven to be 5-10 times more mixing efficient than other mixing systems.

Red Valve conducts a mixing analysis of every water storage tank to verify if complete mixing can be achieved with the Passive TMS based on tank turnover. It is rare that active mixing is required.

inside tank so tank access not required for inspection or maintenance) All Mechanical Components in Vault OUTSIDE of tank (easily accessed in vault/structure for inspection and maintenance)

21 Active Tideflex Mixing System (ATMS) Scientific facts about mixing water storage tanks Tanks and reservoirs need to turnover (fluctuate levels) to minimize water age. 2) There is already an energy source from the distribution pumps to get the tank filled back to high water level. 3) Fixed-diameter inlet pipes are inefficient in mixing and often cause water quality problems. The Passive TMS is proven to be 5-10 times more mixing efficient than other mixing systems. The Passive TMS uses the inherent energy source of the distribution system to achieve complete mixing and eliminate water quality problems. Red Valve conducts a mixing analysis of every water storage tank to verify if complete mixing can be achieved with the Passive TMS based on tank turnover. It is rare that active mixing is required. Passive TMS installed in tank IF active mixing is required: A Passive TMS can be turned into an Active TMS with a recirculation pump Passive TMS installed INSIDE of Tank (No mechanical components inside tank so tank access not required for inspection or maintenance) All Mechanical Components in Vault OUTSIDE of tank (easily accessed in vault/structure for inspection and maintenance) Recirculation pump is low flow, low head, low energy Can perform continuous mixing Can perform forced-draw down to minimize water age Can perform chemical injection for rechlorination, forming chloramines, or performing breakpoint chlorination Can turn recirculation pump off when not needed and let passive TMS mix tank Recirculation Pipe Tank Inlet Pipe to Passive TMS Recirculation Pump

22 Complete System Design and Hydraulic Analysis

QUESTIONS? Mike Duer, P.E., Chief Engineer mduer@tideflex.

23 QUESTIONS? Mike Duer, P.E., Chief Engineer Red Valve Company, Inc phone

PUMPED STORAGE OPERATIONS CONTROL DBPs AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM CHLORINE RESIDUALS. Jamie R. Shambaugh, P.E.

PUMPED STORAGE OPERATIONS CONTROL DBPs AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM CHLORINE RESIDUALS Jamie R. Shambaugh, P.E. Outline Project Background and Objectives DBP Formation and Control Theory DBP Control Study Summary