Ingested Nitrates and Health Consequences. Jean Bokelmann M.D.
|
|
- Horace Griffith
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Ingested Nitrates and Health Consequences Jean Bokelmann M.D.
2 Sources of Ingested Nitrates Drinking water Vegetables Especially synthetically fertilized vegetables Much less with organic vegetables
3 EPA Drinking Water Limits Based primarily on a study of 139 cases in Minnesota in 1950 (7) and a survey in 1951 of state health officials regarding methemoglobinemia cases. The EPA set the drinking water nitrate limit at 10mg/liter to protect infants from developing methemogloginemia (Blue Baby Syndrome).
4 Consequences of Ingested Nitrates Methemoglobinemia Miscarriages? Neural tube defects? Various Cancers?
5 Mechanism for Methemoglobinemia Nitrates in the stomach become Nitrites Nitrites interact with the iron in hemoglobin to make the hemoglobin unreceptive to oxygen. Thus the red blood cells are unable to pick up oxygen in the lungs and carry it to the body s tissues.
6 Methemoglobinemia Infants less than one year of age are particularly susceptible to this problem, which also seems to be compounded by exposure to coliform bacteria that might also be present in the drinking water. Potential fatality from methemoglobinemia is about 7%.
7 Methemoglobinemia Methemoglobin levels have been shown to be elevated in infants consuming water within the EPA range, but not high enough to cause methemoglobinemia. What might be the effect on brain and organ development with elevated subclinical methemoglobin levels?
8 Pregnancy and Nitrates Some reports have suggested an association between exposure to nitrates in drinking water and spontaneous abortions, intrauterine growth restriction, and various birth defects. However, the current literature does not provide sufficient evidence of a causal relationship between exposure to nitrates in drinking water and adverse reproductive effects Neural tube defects found to be more common with nitrate ingestion in presence of nitrosation precursors (red meat, certain drugs)
9 Nitrosation: Mechanism for Cancer Nitrates become nitrates and combine with other ingested organic substances in stomach becoming N-Nitrosocompounds. N-Nitroso-compounds have been shown to be strongly carcinogenic in animals. The question is whether long-term daily exposure to lower levels of nitrates in water can cause cancer
10 Nitrosation Vitamin C reduces nitrosation Vitamin E reduces nitrosation Turmeric reduces nitrosation Smoking increased nitrosation Red meat increases nitrosation Bowel inflammation increases nitrosation
11 Nitrates and Cancer Iowa Women s Health Study Compared women drinking water with nitrate concentration of <0.36 mg/liter >0.36 &< 1 mg/liter >1 &< 2.6 mg/liter >2.6mg/liter
12 Nitrates and Cancer Compared to women in the <0.36 group, women in the > 2.6mg/l were nearly 3 times as likely to develop bladder cancer, and nearly twice as likely to develop ovarian cancer On the flip side, they were about half as likely to get uterine and rectal cancer.
13 Nitrates and Kidney Cancer Another study showed no association between nitrate levels and renal cell cancer UNLESS the red meat consumption was factored in: Those who ate more red meat and ingested more nitrates (nearly two-fold increased risk for kidney cancer) Those who had low Vitamin C intake and ingested more nitrates (nearly two-fold increased risk for kidney cancer)
14 Colon Cancer Increased nitrate ingestion below the EPA limit in conjunction with nitrosation precursors (red meat, certain drugs) has been shown to increase colon cancer risk.
15 Summary Known risk: Methemoglobinemia at levels >10mg/liter Probable risks at lower levels: Bladder cancer, ovarian cancer Possible risks at lower levels: Impaired brain and organ development in infants Miscarriages, congenital malformations, growth restriction Kidney cancer, colon cancer, neural tube defects (in conjunction with other dietary factors (nitrosation precursors, etc):
Nitrate in drinking water and cancer risk
Nitrate in drinking water and cancer risk Mary H. Ward, M.S., Ph.D. Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics NCI, NIH Challenges to Providing Safe Drinking
More informationFeatured Topic: Choline and Folate (4 slides)
Featured Topic: Choline and Folate (4 slides) Choline and B vitamins for brain recovery after stroke New study looked at the role of choline and folate in association with brain damage caused by strokes
More informationGroundwater Quality Overview
Groundwater Quality Overview Kevin Masarik Center for Watershed Science and Education & Michelle Dale Bayfield County Health Department Through the University of Wisconsin-Extension, all Wisconsin people
More informationKidney Disease and Diabetes What matters Place or Race? THE WESTERN DESERT KIDNEY HEALTH PROJECT
Kidney Disease and Diabetes What matters Place or Race? THE WESTERN DESERT KIDNEY HEALTH PROJECT The aims of the WDKHP were To review community strategies to reduce the prevalence of T2DM and kidney
More information3. Factors such as race, age, sex, and a person s physiological state are all considered determinants of disease. a. True
/ False 1. Epidemiology is the basic science of public health. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CNIA.BOYL.17.2.1 - Define epidemiology. 2. Within the field of epidemiology, the term distribution refers to the relationship
More informationSTUDY ON STORAGE CONDITION INFLUENCE UPON THE NITRITE CONTENT IN PARSLEY
STUDY ON STORAGE CONDITION INFLUENCE UPON THE NITRITE CONTENT IN PARSLEY Eufrozina Albu*, Alina-Mihaela Pşibilschi Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania, *E-mail:
More informationChemicals in the Diet
Chemicals in the Diet Recognize chemicals in the diet associated with adverse health outcomes from: Fish & Seafood Synthetic Chemicals Natural Toxins Review common chemicals found in drinking water: Arsenic
More informationE Ltd. P4 Test Report. Test Report. Sex: Report Print: Comment: Summary of Test Results. cortisol value lower than 5.02 ng/ml. Stroke have deficiency.
Office Tel. : +852 2210-5022 Website: http://enanohealth.com Test Report Summary of Test Results Biomarker Test Result Reference range Implication Remark Cortisol 0.59 ng/ml 0.42 ng/ml-5.02 ng/ml Around
More informationProphylaxis of acute transplant rejection in patients receiving allogeneic renal transplants:
VI.2 Elements for a public summary VI.2.1 Overview of disease epidemiology Prophylaxis of acute transplant rejection in patients receiving allogeneic renal transplants: Over 1 million people worldwide
More informationCancer in Huron County
Cancer in Huron County 2-29 Prepared by: Erica Clark, Epidemiologist April 214 77722B London Road RR 5, Clinton, ON NM 1L 519.482.3416 F: 519.482.782 www.huronhealthunit.com Cancer Health Status Report
More informationFigure 1. Comparison of Cancer Incidence Rates 1 of Individual Census Tracts with Louisiana, All Cancers Combined,
Figure. Comparison of Cancer Incidence Rates of Individual Census Tracts with Louisiana, All Cancers Combined, 006-04 The rate is statistically significantly lower than Louisiana The rate is not statistically
More informationNutrition and Cancer. Prof. Suhad Bahijri
Nutrition and Cancer Objectives 1. Discuss current knowledge regarding nutritional prevention of cancer 2. Discuss goals for the cancer patient 3. Explain how cancer treatment affects nutritional needs
More informationOvarian Cancer Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Ovarian Cancer Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Risk Factors A risk factor is anything that affects your chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Learn more about the risk factors for ovarian cancer.
More informationAmerican Biotech Labs Nano-Silver Proven Safe For Humans By Keith Moeller
Introduction American Biotech Labs Nano-Silver Proven Safe For Humans By Keith Moeller A great deal of misinformation has been released from the media claiming that nano-silver products have not been tested
More informationChapter Effects of Smoke on the Respiratory System Part 2 pages
Chapter 18.1 Effects of Smoke on the Respiratory System Part 2 pages 417-419 Hemoglobin has 4 separate protein chains. Each protein chain has a single iron atom (Fe 3+ ). Each iron atom can bind to a single
More informationBiostatistics and Epidemiology Step 1 Sample Questions Set 1
Biostatistics and Epidemiology Step 1 Sample Questions Set 1 1. A study wishes to assess birth characteristics in a population. Which of the following variables describes the appropriate measurement scale
More informationAN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF. of Science in Environmental Health Management presented on May 4, 1993.
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Thomas J. Mitchell for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Health Management presented on May 4, 1993. Title: An Evaluation of Well-Water Nitrate Exposure and
More informationFibre and whole grains 'reduce bowel cancer risk'
11 November 2011 Last updated at 01:21 GMT Fibre and whole grains 'reduce bowel cancer risk' High fibre cereals are just one type of fibre which were shown to help prevent colorectal cancer Eating more
More informationNutrition & Physical Activity Profile Worksheets
Nutrition & Physical Activity Profile Worksheets In these worksheets you will consider nutrition-related and physical activity-related health indicators for your community. If you cannot find local-level
More informationKEY INDICATORS OF NUTRITION RISK
NUTRITION TOOLS KEY INDICATORS OF Consumes fewer than 2 servings of fruit or fruit juice per day. Consumes fewer than 3 servings of vegetables per day. Food Choices Fruits and vegetables provide dietary
More informationIN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY NOT LIVING WITH YOU
GENERAL INFORMATION Name (as it appears on insur card) Address City State Zip Home phone Cell Email Marital status DOB SS# Employer Work # Parent name (if minor) IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY NOT LIVING WITH
More informationFeatured Topic: Get Digestive Relief (and more) with Probiotics (4 slides)
Featured Topic: Get Digestive Relief (and more) with Probiotics (4 slides) 3 things you need to know about probiotics Probiotics are helpful bacteria Probiotics prevent disease, they don t cause it (bad
More informationRed flags for clinical practice - guidance on indicators that your patient may have a genetic condition
Red flags for clinical practice - guidance on indicators that your patient may have a genetic condition General red flags for clinical practice One or more of these red flags that may indicate a high genetic
More informationWelcome to About Women by Women
Welcome to About Women by Women Today s Date New Patient Questionnaire Name: Birth Date: / / Home Phone: Address: Cell Phone: Work Phone: Occupation: Employer: Marital Status: Married Living w/ Partner
More informationHemoglobin. What is it? Why is iron important? What food sources contain iron?
Hemoglobin What is it? Why is iron important? What food sources contain iron? Poor Diet Lack of Iron and B12 vitamins in the diet Blood Loss Pregnancy Genetics Fatigue due to cells and tissues not being
More informationBrant County Community Health Status Report: 2001 OVERVIEW
Brant County Community Health Status Report: 2001 OVERVIEW Brantford County of Brant Brant County Health Unit and Grand River District Health Council April 2001 Brant County Community Health Status Report:
More informationPatient Education Kidney Early Education Program (KEEP) Chapter 2 bjectives: Overview 1. Understand what kidneys do. 2. Understand symptoms
Patient Education (KEEP) Chapter 2 What Your Kidneys Do And what happens when they fail Objectives: 1. Understand what kidneys do. 2. Understand symptoms of uremia and some ways to treat it. 3. Know the
More informationFluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA s Standards (National Research Council, March 2006)
1 Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA s Standards (National Research Council, March 2006) 2 Excerpts: FLUORIDE S EFFECTS ON THE BRAIN: Fluorides also increase the production of free
More informationFEMALE MEDICAL & REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY (There are 5 pages - please ensure you answer all questions)
2347 Kennedy Rd. Suite 304 Scarborough, ONT M1T 3T8 Tel: (416)754-1010 Fax: (416)321-1239 Date: FEMALE MEDICAL & REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY (There are 5 pages - please ensure you answer all questions) General
More informationMarijuana Use During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Findings Summary
The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) was assigned the responsibility to appoint a panel of health care professionals with expertise in cannabinoid physiology to monitor the
More informationPreventive care guidelines Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Minnesota
Service Recommendation Adult men Adult Children Pregnant abdominal aortic aneurysm One-time screening by ultrasound in men aged 65 to 75 who have ever smoked Screening and counseling to reduce alcohol
More informationWhat Your Kidneys Do and What Happens When They Fail
Patient Education Chapter 2 Page 1 What Your Kidneys Do and What Happens When They Fail Objectives: 1. Understand basic kidney functions. 2. Understand symptoms of uremia and some treatments used for it.
More informationNutritive Value of Meat. ANSC 3404 Texas Tech University. Why Beef? American Heart Association
Nutritive Value of Meat ANSC 3404 Texas Tech University Why Beef? American Heart Association 1 Issues People today are concerned about: Limiting dietary fat Cholesterol High Blood Pressure Getting the
More informationFERTINATAL is the only DHEA product that:
DHEA The only high-quality, micronized DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) supplement, designed specifically for female fertility FERTINATAL is the only DHEA product that: Is designed specifically for women
More informationTest Report. Order Information. Requisition Number. Patient Name. ID number. Date of Birth F M. Gender. Patient Phone Number.
Test Report Order Information Requisition Number Patient Name ID number Date of Birth Gender F M Patient Phone Number Patient E-mail Name of Lab Lab Phone Number Name of Physician Date of Collection Date
More informationExecutive summary. Executive summary 17
Executive summary Health Council of the Netherlands. Risks of alcohol consumption related to conception, pregnancy and breastfeeding. The Hague: Health Council of the Netherlands, 2005; publication no.
More informationProcessed meats and cancer Mariana C. Stern, PhD Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine & Urology USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
Processed meats and cancer Mariana C. Stern, PhD Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine & Urology USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center July 29, 2016 International Conference on Nutrition in Medicine
More informationCOMMUNITY WATER FLUORIDATION: MYTHS AND FACTS
Fact Sheet March 2011 COMMUNITY WATER FLUORIDATION: MYTHS AND FACTS Myth: The pharmaceutical-grade fluoride (sodium fluoride) used in dentists offices is the same kind that is used to fluoridate city drinking
More informationFeatured Topic: Acne (4 slides)
Featured Topic: Acne (4 slides) What really causes acne Acne is the most common skin condition in the United States Acne doesn t happen because skin is dirty Acne occurs when sebum (the oil that keeps
More informationExperimental Biology 2017
Experimental Biology 2017 The Caffeine Landscape April 22, 2017 Dennis Keefe, PhD Director Office of Food Additive Safety U.S. Food and Drug Administration Nawrot et al. 2003 1 Endpoints reviewed General
More information220 SUBJECT INDEX. D Diarrhea and sodium balance, 74 weanling, 161,179,208,212; see also Infection
Subject Index Acid balance, see ph Allergy, food, see also Immunity and beikost, 143-144 and breast milk, 91,143 and formula, 89-90 Antidiuretic hormone, 66 67 Antigens, see also Immunity determinants,
More informationChapter 2. Tools for Designing a Healthy Diet
Chapter 2 Tools for Designing a Healthy Diet Fig. 2.p035 Philosophy That Works Consume a variety of foods balanced by a moderate intake of each food Variety choose different foods Balanced do not overeat
More informationEvidence from Adventist Health Studies
Evidence from Adventist Health Studies The Adventist Advantage Adventists pioneers in health. GOD has blessed the Seventh-day Adventist Church with a healing ministry to make man whole. First Adventist
More informationCadmium. Health Effects and Reducing Exposure. UMBSON Environmental Health Education Center. Cadmium
Health Effects and Reducing Exposure Learning Objectives Describe characteristics and identify sources of cadmium Discuss health effects of cadmium Determine actions for reducing exposures to cadmium Uses
More informationNutrition JMRSO 2017 FOOD SCIENCE
Nutrition JMRSO 2017 FOOD SCIENCE What is nutrition? Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction,
More informationDiet, weight, physical activity and cancer. Dr Rachel Thompson, Head of Research Interpretation
Diet, weight, physical activity and cancer Dr Rachel Thompson, Head of Research Interpretation Outline World Cancer Research Fund network Continuous Update Project Recommendations for cancer prevention
More informationWelcome to the December 2010 newsletter from Pure Bio Ltd.
Your Monthly Update Dear Colleague Welcome to the December 2010 newsletter from Pure Bio Ltd. Office Hours over the Christmas Period: Please note that the office will be open at the following times during
More information4.3 Meat, poultry, fish, and eggs
P ART 2 EVIDENCE AND JUDGEMENTS 4.3 Meat, poultry, fish, and eggs MEAT, POULTRY, FISH, EGGS, AND THE RISK OF CANCER In the judgement of the Panel, the factors listed below modify the risk of cancer. Judgements
More informationWhat is Dietary Fibre?
Fibre What is Dietary Fibre? Non digestible part of plant foods Consists of one or more of edible CHO polymers and synthetic CHO polymers Types of Dietary Fiber There are many different types of fiber,
More informationZahraa Muneer. Enas Ajarma. Saleem
2 Zahraa Muneer Enas Ajarma Saleem Blood parameters: 1. RBCs count 2. Haematocrit 3. Haemoglobin content In new-born babies all three parameters of blood are higher than in normal adults. This happens
More informationStudy on meat intake and mortality
Study on meat intake and mortality BfR Opinion No. 023/2009, 29 May 2009 In March of this year the daily press discussed an American study on the relationship between the consumption of red meat and an
More informationWhat Your Kidneys Do
UW MEDICINE PATIENT EDUCATION What Your Kidneys Do And what happens with kidney disease Class Goals 1. Understand what kidneys do. 2. Understand symptoms of uremia. 3. Know the common causes of kidney
More informationCommunity Health Needs Assessment Centra Southside Medical Center
Community Health Needs Assessment Centra Southside Medical Center 2017-2019 Healthy People 2020 Healthy People provides a framework for prevention for communities in the U.S. Healthy People 2020 is a comprehensive
More informationHow gluten can impact children and how to make gluten free an easier transition
Presents How gluten can impact children and how to make gluten free an easier transition It is of note to mention that gluten sensitivity is a common cause of Infertility Spontaneous abortion Miscarriage
More informationFolic Acid. Ameer Saadallah Al-Zacko Ahmad Ausama Al-Kazzaz Ahmad Maan Al-Hajar
Folic Acid Ameer Saadallah Al-Zacko Ahmad Ausama Al-Kazzaz Ahmad Maan Al-Hajar Now with Ahmad Maan Al-Hajar Folic acid Folic acid is a water soluble Vitamin which has many forms include folate, vitamin
More informationPatient Name Date of Birth Age. Other phone ( ) . Other
GASTROINTESTINAL & MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY HEALTH HISTORY QUESTIONNAIRE Date Patient Name _ Date of Birth Age Daytime phone ( ) Other phone ( ) Email How did you hear about us? My doctor Yellow pages
More informationJØRN OLSEN, May 17, 2016
JØRN OLSEN, May 17, 2016 Research Strategy a. Significance Nitrate (NO 3 - ) is the most commonly found contaminant in the world s aquifers and a major source of contamination of drinking water in the
More informationProgress Tracker. Photo - https://www.healthypeople.gov/
Progress Tracker Healthy People provides a framework for prevention for communities in the U.S. Healthy People 2020 is a comprehensive set of key disease prevention and health promotion objectives. The
More informationWho needs supplements? Why are they necessary?
Who needs supplements? Why are they necessary? Dr Carrie Ruxton RD Supported by Key points today 1. If we all ate a healthy balanced diet, we could get all the nutrients we need 2. Many people do not currently
More informationAppendix G. U.S. Nutrition Recommendations and Guidelines. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, Balancing Calories to Manage Weight
Appendix G U.S. Nutrition Recommendations and Guidelines Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 Balancing Calories to Manage Weight Prevent and/or reduce overweight and obesity through improved eating
More informationFOCUS ON IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AND ITS TREATMENT
FOCUS ON IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AND ITS TREATMENT What you need to know 8846 In Vivo Takeda Feraheme Flip Chart-v3.indd 1 13-01-16 9:37 AM BLOOD AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN YOUR BODY Blood circulates throughout
More informationHealth Promotion, Screening, & Early Detection
OCN Test Content Outline 2018 Health Promotion, Screening, & Early Detection Kelley Blake MSN, RN, AOCNS, OCN UW Medicine/Valley Medical Center I. Care Continuum 19% A. Health promotion & disease prevention
More informationPotentially preventable cancers among Alaska Native people
Potentially preventable cancers among Alaska Native people Sarah Nash Cancer Surveillance Director, Alaska Native Tumor Registry Diana Redwood, Ellen Provost Alaska Native Epidemiology Center Cancer is
More informationYour Disease Risk: Relative Risks
Your Disease Risk: Relative Risks Key: Scoring (-) decr risk (+) incr risk 1= weak 0.7-
More informationMaryland Study Joe Camel more recognizable to 6-year-olds
1 Tobacco and Health Hazards by Kathleen Kiem Hoa Oey Kuntaraf, M.D., M.P.H. Associate Director for Prevention General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists 2 3 4 5 Maryland Study Joe Camel more recognizable
More informationNivolumab. Other Names: Opdivo. About this Drug. Possible Side Effects (More Common) Warnings and Precautions
Nivolumab Other Names: Opdivo About this Drug Nivolumab is used to treat cancer. It is given in the vein (IV). Possible Side Effects (More Common) Bone marrow depression. This is a decrease in the number
More informationIntroduction to Living Environment Test #1
Introduction to Living Environment Test #1 Class: Name: Date: 1. When heating a solution in a test tube, a student should 1) point the test tube in any direction 2) hold the test tube with two fingers
More informationCancer in Women. Lung cancer. Breast cancer
Cancer in Women You can get cancer at any age, but it is more likely as you get older. The types of cancer people get and the risk of dying from cancer are not the same for all ethnic groups. Here are
More informationShopper s Guide to Safer Food Choices
Shopper s Guide to Safer Food Choices AVOID Why? CHOOSE THIS INSTEAD The Dirty Dozen* These fruits and vegetables have been found to contain the highest pesticide residues. USDA Organic The Clean Fifteen*
More informationDate First Name Middle Name Last Name. SSN Sex Birth Date Height Weight. Marital Status Spouse Name Number of Children. Address City State Zip
PATIENT INFORMATION Date First Name Middle Name Last Name SSN Sex Birth Date Height Weight Marital Status Spouse Name Number of Children Address City State Zip Home Phone Cell Phone Email Emergency Relation
More informationEarly Intervention in Pregnancy
Early Intervention in Pregnancy Dr Lucy Mackillop Obstetric Physician Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer Women s Centre Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust TVSCN conference 17 th January 2017
More informationWhat is gestational diabetes?
ESPEN Congress Cannes 2003 Organised by the Israel Society for Clinical Nutrition Education and Clinical Practice Programme Session: Dietitian Symposium: Nutrition throughout the woman life cycle An Update
More informationLECTURE-3 VITAMINS DR PAWAN TOSHNIWAL ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BIOCHEMISTRY ZYDUS MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, DAHOD, GUJARAT DATE
LECTURE-3 VITAMINS DR PAWAN TOSHNIWAL ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BIOCHEMISTRY ZYDUS MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, DAHOD, GUJARAT DATE-20-12-2018 FOLATE or FOLIC ACID FOLATE Other names Folic acid Folacin Pteroylglutamic
More informationAs suggested by one fellow student, please consider the CDC's "Final Rules for Control of Communicable Diseases: Interstate and Foreign
As suggested by one fellow student, please consider the CDC's "Final Rules for Control of Communicable Diseases: Interstate and Foreign http://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/ aboutlawsregulationsquarantineisolatio
More informationDiet-dependent diseases
Diet-dependent diseases Attila Tóth, PhD. Institute of Cardiology, Division of Clinical Physiology 2005 Noncommunicable diseases and nutrition I. - The growing epidemic of chronic disease affecting both
More informationEpidemiological evidence linking food, nutrition, physical activity and prostate cancer risk: results from the Continuous Update Project
Epidemiological evidence linking food, nutrition, physical activity and prostate cancer risk: results from the Continuous Update Project World Cancer Congress, Saturday 6 December 2014 Michael Leitzmann
More informationFlour Fortification Initiative
Effectiveness, Safety and Economics of Fortifying Flour with Folic Acid The Flour Fortification Initiative (FFI) encourages countries to add folic acid to flour to reduce the rate of major birth defects
More informationNutrition and Physical Activity During and After Cancer Treatment: Answers to Common Questions
Nutrition and Physical Activity During and After Cancer Treatment: Answers to Common Questions Cancer survivors often look for information and advice from their health care providers about food choices,
More informationIncreasing Trend in the Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Japan
Cancer Increasing Trend in the Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Japan JMAJ 46(6): 251 256, 2003 Susumu KODAIRA Professor, Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine Abstract: Malignant
More informationFolate Status of the Population in the European Community and Strategies for Change
Folate Status of the Population in the European Community and Strategies for Change Minutes of BfR for 11/12 January 2007 In January 2007 an European expert meeting on Folate Status in Europe and strategies
More informationManagement of Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Background and Prevalence Management of Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregestational Diabetes - 8 million women in the US are affected, complicating 1% of all pregnancies. Type II is
More informationHigher National Unit Specification. General information for centres. Nutrition for Sports Therapists. Unit code: DP67 34
Higher National Unit Specification General information for centres Unit title: Nutrition for Sports Therapists Unit code: DP67 34 Unit purpose: The Unit is designed to provide the candidate with a good
More informationBookID _ChapID 1_Proof# 1-19/08/ Epidemiology
Epidemiology 1 Chapter 1 Measures of Disease Frequency Learning Objectives 1. Measures of disease frequency: a. Clarify the significance of a particular health problem b. Help guide resource allocation
More informationMYTHS OR FACTS OF STI s True or False
Bacterial STI s MYTHS OR FACTS OF STI s True or False 1. Most people with an STI experience painful symptoms. 2. Abstinence is the best way to prevent STIs. 3. If you get an STI once, and are treated,
More information9 Causes of Cancer That Might Surprise You
9 Causes of Cancer That Might Surprise You And because the C-word isn t a surprise anyone wants, learn how best to protect yourself from these cancer causes. By Amy Schlinger Consuming too much sugar istock/nambitomo
More informationGuidelines and recommendations for maternal and infant nutrition. Charlotte Stirling-Reed BSc, MSc, RNutr (Public Health)
Guidelines and recommendations for maternal and infant nutrition Charlotte Stirling-Reed BSc, MSc, RNutr (Public Health) Overview The first 1000 days of life UK maternal and infant nutrition guidelines
More informationADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education January Home Economics Assessment Unit AS 2. assessing. Priority Health Issues
ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education January 2013 Home Economics Assessment Unit AS 2 assessing Priority Health Issues [AN121] TUESDAY 22 JANUARY, MORNING MARK SCHEME 7896.01 1 (a)
More informationwhat vitamins are what vitamins are for
what vitamins are and what vitamins are for www.eurovit.eu page 1/23 Vitamins are essential for human body life. Vitamins are organic compounds that are needed in small quantities to sustain life. No vitamins
More informationExcerpts from: Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards (National Research Council, 2006)
Excerpts from: Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards (National Research Council, 2006) Note 1: The page numbers for the following quotes are those shown on the pages of the
More informationWomen s and Men s Health Intake Form Comprehensive Physical Therapy Center
Name: (Last, First) DOB: Date: Age: Referring Physician: Next Physician Appointment: Today s visit: What is the main reason you came to the office today? When did it start? What treatments have you had
More informationAnnex III. Amendments to relevant sections of the Product Information
Annex III Amendments to relevant sections of the Product Information Note: These amendments to the relevant sections of the Summary of Product Characteristics and package leaflet are the outcome of the
More informationAnemia. F r e q u e n t l y A s k e d Q u e s t i o n s
Anemia Q: What is anemia? A: Anemia (uh-nee-me-uh) occurs when you have less than the normal number of red blood cells in your blood or when the red blood cells in your blood don t have enough hemoglobin
More informationFeatured Topic: Angelica archangelica (5 slides)
Featured Topic: Angelica archangelica (5 slides) 3 signs of an overactive bladder (from heathline.com) Gotta go, NOW Sudden, overwhelming need to urinate; you may not make it to the bathroom on time Can
More informationMycophenolate mofetil: risks of miscarriage and birth defects. Patient guide
Mycophenolate mofetil: risks of miscarriage and birth defects Patient guide Key points to remember Mycophenolate mofetil causes birth defects and miscarriages Follow the contraceptive advice given to you
More informationThe Goods on Nutrition: Eat to Live
The Goods on Nutrition: Eat to Live 2 Lesson 1: The Goods on Nutrition Vocabulary list Reference Notes alternative n. something available in place of another. anemia n. a blood disorder characterized by
More informationLecture 29 Epidemiology of Cancer
Babylon University College Of Medicine Department of Community Medicine Lectures in Community Medicine For 4 th Stage Students By Dr. Hassan Baiee 2010 2011 Lecture 29 Epidemiology of Cancer Tumors are
More informationGeneral information. 1. Iron homeostasis
1. Iron homeostasis General information Iron homeostasis (1) is defined as the correct balance of iron in the body. The balance of iron is associated with a physiological ratio of iron between tissues
More informationFeatured Topic: Arteries (5 slides)
Featured Topic: Arteries (5 slides) Arteries are blood vessels Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart Veins carry oxygen depleted blood back to the heart Tissues and Organs The diseased artery
More informationILMC Tool Box Series 4.6. General Population and Community Issues. Health Issues for Lead Workers and the General Population. 1.
For non-occupationally exposed populations, blood lead levels are generally reflective of lead exposure from multiple environmental media. Once again, relationships between exposure level and subsequent
More information