OFFLU swine influenza virus meeting March 2017 FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy. Amy Vincent USDA-ARS National Animal Disease Center

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1 OFFLU swine influenza virus meeting arch 217 FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy Amy Vincent USDA-ARS National Animal Disease Center 1

2 USDA IAV-S Surveillance DC Quarterly Summary Q1FY17 H1 H3 Delta-1 and gamma viruses were the predominant H1 Continued detection of alpha with 2 aa deletions (n=9) Human-like H3 was the predominant H3 Out of 33 H3s in Q1 FY17, 26 are Human-like H3s Detection of human-like H3 in SD N1, N2 Classical N1 represents 91% of N1 collections 22-lineage N2 represents 86% of N2 collections 1998-lineage N2 paired with delta 2 H1 Rasna Walia 2

3 N1.Classical N1.Pandemic N N2.22 N1.Classical N1.Pandemic N N2.22 N1.Classical N1.Pandemic N N2.22 N1.Classical N1.Pandemic N N2.22 N1.Classical N1.Pandemic N N2.22 type Regional Patterns Percentage of and combinations b y Region Region1 Region2 Region3 Region4 Region5 H3.IV E 2.41 H3.IV D.2.59 H3.IV C.1 H3.IV B H3.IV A H3.IV.3.59 H3.Human_H H1.pandemic H1.gamma H1.delta H1.delta H1.beta H1.alpha type percent Rasna Walia 3

4 Global distribution of swine H1 influenza A virus hemagglutinin clades from 21 to present. Tavis K. Anderson et al. msphere 216;1:e275-16

5 # of strains with matching antigenic motif (%) # of strains with matching antigenic motif (%) Temporal Dynamics of H3 Antigenic otifs (n=13) (n=132) 21 (n=13) 211 (n=132) 212 (n=24) 212 (n=24) 213 (n=239) 213 (n=239) 214 (n=37) 214 (n=37) 215 (n=264) 215 (n=264) 216 (n=249) 216 (n=249) Red Red Green Green Cyan Cyan Peach Peach Other Other Human-like Human-like Noncharacterized Noncharacterized H3 IAV-S continue to evolve antigenically. Previously predominant red antigenic viruses are not as frequently detected. Human-like H3 IAV-S are emerging as the most frequently detected H3. Novel antigenically distinct viruses have emerged (KYHNNK/KHHNNK) arcus Bolton & Eugenio Abente 5

6 Reassortant H3N2 and H3N1 from human seasonal H3N2 introduction into swine 1st GENERATION human H3 human N2 pdm9 internals 2nd GENERATION human H3 swine cn1 pdm9 internals 3rd GENERATION human H3 swine 22 N2 TRIG+ pdm current There were over 1 detections of the 3 rd genotype of humanlike H3N2 in the USDA swine surveillance system since 214. This genotype also infected 16 humans in close contact with swine at fair exhibits in the summer of

7 Antigenic distance of swine hu-like H3N2 HISTORICAL SWINE H3 CONTEPORARY SWINE H3 OLDER HUAN VACCINE STRAI HUAN-LIKE H3 16 H3N2v swine exhibit cases in /213 HUAN VACCINE STRAIN Rajao et al. J. Virol

8 Disadvantages Advantages Vaccine Platform Studies with Antigenically ismatched H3 Viruses R vaccine (alphavirus vectored) Whole inactivated virus (WIV; adjuvanted) Live-attenuated influenza virus (att mutations in and ) -Induces cellular immunity -Robust expression -Rapid production -High homologous HI titers -Induces cellular immunity -Cross-protection against heterologous challenge -Limited to a subset of proteins -Inefficient protection against heterologous challenge -Possibility of vaccine associated enhanced disease (VAERD) -Not licensed in the USA -Possibility of reversion Vaccine Challenge Vaccine Challenge Vaccine Challenge Efficient protection observed against challenge with an antigenically distinct virus inimal protection observed against challenge with an antigenically distinct virus; enhanced lung pathology observed in one mismatch Sterilizing protection observed against challenge with an antigenically distinct virus Eugenio Abente 8

9 Swine H1 clade classification (more from Tavis) T. Anderson (USDA), C. acken, Y. Zhang, R. Scheuermann Reference classification tree H1-XXXX unclassified H1 sequence 1B Humanlineage (delta) 1A Classicallineage (a, b, g, pdm) 1C Eurasian avian-lineage Anderson et al. Sphere, 216; Zhang et al 216

10 IRD H1 Clade Tool Interfaces Strain Detail Page Pre-computed annotations for all H1 viruses in all hosts Search Data enu Clade-specific strain/segment /protein search Analyze Tool enu Clade assignment of user sequences US and Global H1 clade tools are both available. Strain information annotated with both US and Global H1 designation for all H1. Can be used to search for viruses in certain clades: Do US and exico share similar H1? Can be used to annotate your own unknown sequence: What clade is my diagnostic sequence? Anderson et al. Sphere, 216

11 ISU Influenza Cases: Zeller & P. Gauger 11

12 Swine Risk Assessment Pipeline 216 Accomplishments: Generation of swine and ferret antisera Swine sera generated, HI in progress H3 HI completed with swine sera Ferret sera production complete Test case with human H1N1v completed with swine sera 12

13 Acknowledgements DC ichelle Harland Gwen Nordholm Eugenio Abente Rasna Walia Tavis Anderson arcus Bolton Carine Kunzler Bryan Kaplan ichael Zeller Hylia Gao Kelly Schiro Jirapat Arunorat Kelly Lager Jason Huegel Justin iller Keiko Sampson Collaborators Phil Gauger Nicola Lewis Daniel Perez Daniela Rajao Jefferson Santos Hana Golding Surender Khurana arie Culhane Alicia Janas-artindale John Schiltz Ellen Kasari artha Nelson Catherine acken Richard Scheuermann