UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID PRUEBA DE ACCESO A ESTUDIOS UNIVERSITARIOS (LOGSE) Curso 2010 (Septiembre)

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1 UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID PRUEBA DE ACCESO A ESTUDIOS UNIVERSITARIOS (LOGSE) Curso 2010 (Septiembre) MATERIA: INGLÉS INSTRUCCIONES GENERALES Y VALORACIÓN l. Lea todo el texto cuidadosamente. 2. Lea atentamente todas las preguntas de la prueba. 3. Proceda a responder en lengua inglesa a las preguntas en el papel de examen. TIEMPO: 1 hora y 30 minutos. CALIFICACIÓN: La puntuación máxima de la prueba es de 10 puntos. OPCIÓN A Music therapy can help children with communication problems Some infants who are born with impaired hearing and who cannot benefit from hearing aids are likely to gain 90% normal hearing ability by undergoing ear surgery. But, after the operation, the child - who has never heard before - undergoes a long rehabilitation process before he or she can begin to speak. In a recent study, researchers examined the particular effects that music therapy has on the potential development of toddlers (aged 2-3) who have undergone ear surgery, specifically in terms of improving spontaneous communication. "Music includes various elements that are also components of language. So, this non-verbal form of communication is suitable for communication with these children, when they are still unable to use language," explained a researcher. She added that the toddlers undergoing rehabilitation are under a lot of pressure from their surroundings - especially their parents- to begin talking, and sometimes this pressure makes them become introverted. In such a scenario, music therapy strengthens these children's non-verbal communication and lessens pressure on them for verbal exchange and response. The study provided sixteen sessions for children after ear surgery. Eight of the sessions included music-related activities and the rest involved playing with toys and games without musical sounds. The results showed that during those sessions when music therapy was implemented, spontaneous communication was markedly more frequent and prolonged in the children. The researchers concluded that exposure to music needs to be gradual, through the use of music experiences that involve basic musical parameters, such as intensity and rhythm.

2 QUESTIONS 1. Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Copy the evidence from the text. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE. a) Children start speaking immediately after their operation. b) According to the text, when parents try to force their children to speak, they become more communicative. a) FALSE But, after the operation, the child - who has never heard before - undergoes a long rehabilitation process before he or she can begin to speak. b) FALSE [ ] the toddlers undergoing rehabilitation are under a lot of pressure from their surroundings - especially their parents- to begin talking, and sometimes this pressure makes them become introverted. 2. In your own words and based on the ideas in the text, answer the following questions. Do not copy from the text. a) How do these children improve after music therapy? b) In the rehabilitation sessions, what do children do? a) Since music has very particular features which makes it very appropriate. Music is a good communicative way, and it is non-verbal, which is perfect for children who are not able to speak yet. b) They have some musical activities and on the other hand, they play with games but without any king of music, to increasingly improve their communicative skills. 3. Find the words in the text that mean: a) goes through (paragraph 1) b) small children (paragraph 1) c) appropriate (paragraph 2) d) investigators (paragraph 3) (Puntuación máxima: 1 punto) a) UNDERGOES b) TODDLERS c) SUITABLE d) RESEARCHERS 4. Complete the following sentences. Use the appropriate form of the word in brackets when given. a) Music, 1 constitutes a bridge 2 the quiet world that the children knew and a new world of sounds, is used in rehabilitation. b) These sessions 3 (videotape) and analysed 4 show the results. c) There is still 5 work to be done 6 researchers in this area. d) Rewrite the sentences starting with the words given: The mother said: "My son has improved his communication with music therapy." The mother said that..7

3 1: which (relative pronoun usually used by things subject. In this case, a relative pronoun is required because it is indeed, the subject of the relative clause). 2: between (position preposition, something set in the middle of two different objects, which are in this case, the quiet world children know and a new world of sounds). 3: are videotaped (we may use a passive voice, considering we have a passive subject the sessions. Passive voice is formed by the verb to be and the past participle of the main verb). 4: to (purpose infinitive is normally introduced by the preposition to or the phrase in order to, when used to show a purpose for making the previous action). 5: so much (quantity adverb is required here, considering work is an uncountable noun, which requires much instead of many). 6: by (whenever we use a passive voice and we want to introduce a personal agent, we may use the preposition by). 7: The mother said that her son had improved his communication with music therapy. 5. Write about 100 to 150 words on one of the following topics. How important is music in your life? Write about your tastes. (Puntuación máxima 3 puntos) Organization in the text is crucial among this exercise. We must always respect the three main parts of the text (introduction, main body and final conclusion). Searching known structures is also very important to avoid mistakes, but we might be careful not being simplistic. I would like to start this speech with a sentence which was the advertising slogan a few years ago; Can you even imagine your life without music?. Obviously it was a campaign for a radio music channel, and it became so popular up to the point of making young people to start wearing some T-shirts and stickers of the advertising slogan. But It is true! I cannot even imagine my life without it. I would like to say I consider myself a regular person, with normal likes and dislikes, so I am not linked with music in any professional way. However, everywhere I go, I m always listening to my favorite music in my IPod player. If we talk about my tastes, I must say I do not have a particular taste. I mean, if you have a look to my playing list, you can find from Mozart compositions, last summer's most successful song. This is because I really love music. Moreover, there is some kind of music, and there are some songs which are deeply joined to our lives, and we cannot listen to this or to that song without remembering that summer or that other special person, and that is only because music is a very important part of us. In conclusion, we don t need to be musicians or anything related to love music, and to feel that we cannot even live without it And that s just because life without music is not life.

4 OPCIÓN B Trick or treat! It's Halloween Children celebrate Halloween around the world on the night of October 31 st. They go out in macabre costumes of ghosts, witches or skeletons to knock on their neighbours' doors and shout "Trick or treat!" The neighbours must give them sweets; otherwise, the children will play tricks on them. Halloween is big business in the United States where people spend around seven billion dollars each year on Halloween products. Theme parks like Disneyland hold week-long festivals and many cities have parades. New York's Village Halloween Parade attracts two million people who celebrate in the streets, dressed in stunning costumes. The tradition is strongest in the United States, but interest is growing in Europe. Actually, Halloween originated in Europe as a Celtic New Year celebration. For the Irish, in the Celtic calendar, October 31 st was Samhain, a pagan festival. The Celts believed that the dead returned to possess the living during that night, and so they opened their doors and provided food to the wandering good souls and wore costumes to scare off the evil ones. In the 19 th century, Irish and Scottish immigrants took their traditions to America and it seems that trick-or-treating is linked to Irish Samhain traditions, and thus became popular about the time that the Irish began to immigrate to the United States in large numbers, fleeing from Ireland s potato famine of They began to dress up in costumes and go from house to house asking for food or money, a practice that eventually became today's trick-or-treat tradition. A new American tradition was born and has continued to grow. Today, Halloween is the second largest commercial holiday in the United States. QUESTIONS 1. Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Copy the evidence from the text. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE. a) Halloween was originally a Christian celebration. b) Like the Celts on October 31 st, Irish immigrants in the USA wore disguises in order to frighten away the evil souls. a) FALSE Halloween originated in Europe as a Celtic New Year celebration. For the Irish, in the Celtic calendar, October 31 st was Samhain, a pagan festival. b) FALSE [ ]Irish began to immigrate to the United States in large numbers, fleeing from Ireland s potato famine of They began to dress up in costumes and go from house to house asking for food or money, a practice that eventually became today's trick-or-treat tradition. 2. In your own words and based on the ideas in the text, answer the following questions. Do not copy from the text. a) Why does the text say that Halloween is one of the greatest commercial holidays in the United States? b) In what sense is the "trick or treat" tradition similar to the Celtic celebration?

5 a) Halloween is such a big business day because American people spends a huge amount of money in Halloween products, such as going to theme parks, buying stunning costumes in order to go to Halloween parades, etc. b) Celts dressed up with costumes to frighten the evil souls and gave food to the wandering good ones and in that moment, it became a tradition for children to dress up with costumes to ask for sweets. 3. Find the words in the text that mean: a) goods (paragraph 1) b) spectacular (paragraph 1) c) in fact (paragraph 2) d) escaping (paragraph 3) (Puntuación máxima: 1 punto) a) SWEETS b) STUNNING c) ACTUALLY d) FLEEING 4. Complete the following sentences. Use the appropriate form of the word in brackets when given. a) 1 children don 't get sweets 2 their neighbours, they will play tricks on them. b) The Irish emigrated to America 3 they could find 4 better life. c) 5 it is an American tradition. interest 6 Halloween is increasing in Europe. d) Rewrite the sentences starting with the words given: d. New York's Village Halloween Parade attracts two million people who celebrate in the streets. Two million people 7. 1: IF (Typical linking word of conditional sentences). 2: FROM (preposition which indicates origin or provenance). 3: SO (linking preposition to join two co-ordinate clauses). 4: A (Non-determining article, can only be used in the singular). 5: ALTHOUGH (Linking word which indicates opposition). 6: IN (Position preposition which indicates the interior of a place). 7: TWO MILLION PEOPLE CELEBRATE NEW YORK S VILLAGE HALLOWEEN PARADE IN THE STREETS.

6 5. Write about 100 to 150 words on one of the following topics. Write about a Halloween party or any other party where you went wearing a disguise. (Puntuación máxima 3 puntos) Organization in the text is crucial among this exercise. We must always respect the three main parts of the text (introduction, main body and final conclusion). Searching known structures is also very important to avoid mistakes, but we might be careful not being simplistic. First of all, I would like to say that since we live in Europe, Halloween is not a very popular party, or even more, a very traditional one. Although, during last years the interest in this party has increased and it has become such a popular party between young people. From my point of view, dressing up with costumes and participating in topic-decorations is always interesting, because I love getting involved in parties and enjoying in them. There is some people, mainly in Catholic surroundings who think that Halloween party is not a good thing, but, to be honest, I don t see anything wrong in it. They claim that its origins are Pagan and it doesn t fit with Christian tradition, but, if you find out a little further, you can even discover that it is a part of Christian tradition, also of Roman tradition, and, of course, part of Celtic tradition. People wearing costumes of ghosts, vampires, monsters, witches, zombies, etc. is the most popular way of celebrating Halloween, at least here in Europe. There are not parades here, but people usually enjoy with the celebrations which win more and more support every year. Carnival has also Pagan origins and people doesn't say anything bad about it Why do they do it in Halloween? I really don t know. If I could tell you a little piece of advice, I would recommend you to go to a Halloween party, because life are two days, and enjoying it is always a good idea. In conclusion, and just for finishing, if you want to participate in a different party, or to be part of a different scenario, forget about prejudices and enjoy a Halloween party! More frequent expressions to do the writing: INTRODUCTION MAIN BODY - The purpose of this report - The aim of this report - This report looks at - First of all - As an introduction I would like to say - Firstly - To begin with - One of the main advantages/disadvantages of - Secondly - From my point of view - In my opinion - I think/i feel that - On the one hand on the other hand

7 CONCLUSION - In conclusion - To sum up - On balance - Last but not least - CONNECTORS (TO JOIN SENTENCES) Related Vocabulary - Although - However - In spite of (this) - Some people while/whereas others Player: Reproductor de música. Communicative skills: Habilidades comunicativas. Youngsters: Jóvenes, gente joven. Regular: Normal, corriente. Musician: Músico, persona que se dedica a la música. Topic-decorations: Decoraciones temáticas. Costume: Disfraz. Pagan: Pagano. Parade: Desfile. Ghost: Fantasma. Vampire: Vampiro. Witch: Bruja. Prejudices: Prejuicios.