Febina Mathew 1, Kathleen Grady 1, Taylor Olson 1, Bob Harveson 2, Michelle Gilley 3, Jessica Halvorson 3, and Samuel Markell 3

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1 Febina Mathew 1, Kathleen Grady 1, Taylor Olson 1, Bob Harveson 2, Michelle Gilley 3, Jessica Halvorson 3, and Samuel Markell 3 1 South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD; 2 University of Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE; 3 North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND

2 Collorators/Co-operators Collorators Steve Erikson and Bob Benson (Mycogen) Bill Gilbert (Syngenta seeds) Aaron Franzen (Syngenta) Joel Schaefer (CHS) Michael McCarville (Bayer) Dan Waldstein (BASF) Keith Johnson (DuPont) Jeremy Klumper (NuSeed) Co-operators in South Dakota Tom Young Dustin Smith Dillon Baloun

3 Picture by Dr. Sam Markell Current Problems Phomopsis stem canker continues to be of concern in Disease incidence was between 40 to 100% in commercial fields (H. Kandel and T. Gulya, 2015 NSA survey).

4 Picture by Dr. Sam Markell Current Problems Limited management options Most commercial hybrids are susceptible to Phomopsis stem canker. Yield reduction is similar for both hybrids (Mathew et al. 2015).

5 Picture by Dr. Sam Markell Current Problems Previous research In 2014, fungicides were investigated in North Dakota and Nebraska (S. Markell and R. Harveson, unpublished). Results showed fungicides alone may be inadequate.

6 In 2015 Objective: Evaluate an integrated approach to manage Phomopsis stem canker. Materials and methods: A total of eight locations estlished in SD, MN and NE Susceptible and tolerant hybrids solicited from companies Fungicide applications at growth stages (V12-R1, R1-R3, R3-R5). Disease was evaluated at R5 or later (after flowering). Data analyses performed in SAS v9.3.

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9 3500 (LSD = 276.1; P > 0.05) Yield (lb/a) b b a Non-treated control R1 R1 R1 R3-R5 R3-R5 R3-R5 Fungicide applications Headline (R1) + Folicur (R3-R5) Endura (R1) + Folicur (R3-R5) Headline (R1) + Endura (R3-R5) Scottsbluff, NE Fungicides at low leled rates

10 Rothsay, MN

11 3500 Susceptible Resistant (LSD = ; P > 0.05) 3000 Yield (lb/a) b a a Non-treated Headline Quadris Aproach Fungicide R2 Rothsay, MN Mycogen hybrids 6 fl oz/a

12 Yield (lb/a) f cde cde de Susceptible bcde cde ef de Resistant c cd (LSD = ; P < *) a cd cd cd bcd Fungicide applications Rothsay, MN. 6 fl oz/a (Pyraclostrobin, BASF) Mycogen hybrids.

13 Hazel, MN

14 Yield (lb/a) g ef fg def Susceptible cde def def Resistant (LSD = ; P = *) a c c bcd cde def ef Treatments Hazel, MN. 6 fl oz/a (Pyraclostrobin, BASF) CHS hybrids.

15 Brookings, SD

16 Yield (lb/a) de a cde cd Susceptible cde cd bcde e Resistant de a (LSD = ; P =0.0018*) a c cde de de Fungicide applications Brookings, SD 6 fl oz/a(azoxystrobin, Syngenta) CHS hybrids.

17 Highmore, SD; Cooperator - Mr. Dillon Baloun

18 Yield (lb/a) h bcde gh cd Susceptible Resistant a cd cdef cd efgh gh (LSD = ; P < *) a a defg fgh h 0 Fungicide Treatments Highmore, SD. 6 fl oz/a(picoxystrobin, DuPont) Syngenta hybrids.

19 Onida, SD; Cooperator - Mr. Tom Young (Mycogen seeds)

20 3500 Susceptible Resistant (LSD = ; P < *) Yield (lb/a) cde de de e bcd de a cde c de Fungicide applications Onida, SD. 4 fl oz/a (Fluxapyroxad + Pyraclostrobin, BASF) Mycogen hybrids.

21 Summary Symptoms of Phomopsis stem canker observed after flowering Choosing a resistant over susceptible hybrid Yield increase 400 lbs/a Fungicide What to spray? Strobilurin fungicides (=FRAC Group 11) offer control (Gilley et al. 2015)

22 Summary Results in 2015 suggest On a susceptible/resistant hybrid Fungicide applications at R1-R3 may be considered We hope to repeat the study in 2016 (Pending funding)

23 Acknowledgements