Powdery mildew management in processing tomatoes. Brenna Aegerter University of California Cooperative Extension, San Joaquin County
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1 Powdery mildew management in processing tomatoes Brenna Aegerter University of California Cooperative Extension, San Joaquin County
2 Tomato powdery mildew pathogens Leveillula taurica (Oidiopsis sicula) Oidium neolycopersici Oidium lycopersici
3 Leveillula taurica (Oidiopsis sicula)
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9 Dean Glawe APS PRESS Leveillula Endoparasitic mildew Extensive fungal mycelium inside leaf mesophyll Oidium Ectoparasitic mildew Fungal mycelium on leaf surface
10 Leveillula Oidium
11 Oidium mildew control Disease severity (percent of foliage affected) Product Interval Sprays 19-Aug 26-Aug 13-Sep NDVI Quadris Top 10 day 6 2.5a 0a 0.8a 0.64a Quadris 10 day 6 5.0ab 1.7a 11.2a 0.59ab Quadris Top 20 day 3 2.5a 5.0a 35.3 b 0.60ab Quadris 20 day 3 5.0ab 7.5a 35.3 b 0.59ab Rally 10 day 6 7.5ab 11.2a 40.3 b 0.56 b Cabrio 10 day bc 19.5ab 50.0 b 0.56 b Rally 20 day 3 8.7ab 15.8ab 73.3 c 0.49 c Cabrio 20 day bc 15.8ab 82.7 c 0.49 c Non-treated control c 35.3 b 92.5 c 0.45 c Mean LSD P-value <
12 50 45 Fungicidal control of Oidium sp. Disease severity (%) Quintec Quadris Top Priaxor Fontelis Not all products registered for use on tomato
13 Products and use pattern not yet registered Fungicides via the drip system Disease control programs evaluated 0.21 lb fluopyram via drip once ~6 wks after transplanting 0.21 lb fluopyram via drip once ~8 wks after transplanting plus 25 lbs sulfur dust 14-day interval 0.21 lb fluopyram via drip twice ~6 and 10 weeks after transplanting lb flutriafol via drip twice ~6 and 10 weeks after transplanting 25 lbs sulfur dust 14-day interval Non-treated control
14 * NDVI = Normalized difference vegetation index, which is a measure of photosynthetically active (live, green) tissue Disease severity Fruit quality-- (percent of the foliage affected) NDVI* Sunburn Solids Disease control program 19-Aug 28-Aug 17-Sep 17-Sep (% by wt) ( Brix) 0.21 lb fluopyram via drip once ~8 wks after transplanting plus 25 lbs sulfur dust 14-day interval 22.0ab 25.7 b 7.5a 0.64 a 2.26% lbs sulfur dust 14-day interval 25.7ab 25.7 b 30.3ab 0.57 ab 1.56% lb flutriafol via drip twice, ~6 and 10 weeks after transplanting 2.5a 5.0a 30.3ab 0.59 ab 0.86% lb fluopyram via drip twice, ~6 and 10 weeks after transplanting 25.7ab 25.7 b 35.3ab 0.58 ab 1.34% lb fluopyram via drip once ~6 wks after transplanting 18.3ab 30.3 b 50.0 b 0.53 bc 3.20% 5.43 Non-treated control 45.0 b 65.0 c 82.7 c 0.46 c 6.04% 5.27 Mean % 5.97 CV (%) P value < NS NS
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17 FRAC Group Code(s) Products (chemical common names) 11 Quadris (azoxystrobin), Cabrio (pyraclostrobin), Flint (trifloxystrobin) 3 Rally (myclobutanil) Quadris Top (azoxystrobin + difenoconazole) 7 Fontelis (penthiopyrad) Priaxor (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin ) 13 Quintec (quinoxyfen) M Not categorized Sulfur (dusting sulfur, wettable/sprayable/micronized sulfurs) Kaligreen and others (potassium bicarbonate) Regalia (plant extract) Taegro, Sonata, Actinovate (biological fungicides)
18 Anticipated new fungicide registrations FRAC Group Code(s) Products (chemical common names) Luna Sensation (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin) U8 3 U6 Vivando (metrafenone) Mettle (tetraconazole) Rhyme (flutriafol) Torino (cyflufenamid)
19 Fungicide Resistance Management FRAC Group Code Group 11 e.g. Quadris, Cabrio Fungicide Resistance Risk* High Group 7 e.g. Fontelis Group 3 e.g. Rally Group 13 e.g. Quintec Mixtures combining medium/high risk groups e.g. Quadris Top, Priaxor Group M e.g. sulfur Not categorized e.g. oils, biological fungicides, potassium bicarbonate Medium to high Medium Risk lower than using solo product Low resistance not known - presume risk is low *Risk categorization assigned by the Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC)
20 Some thoughts on Oidium mildew Oidium mildew may cause problems earlier in the season (e.g. July) Both mildew pathogens can be present in the same field More challenging to scout a field for early symptoms? Sulfur and other fungicides appear to control Oidium mildew in my trials
21 Optimizing chemical control Early treatment Consider other target pests and diseases when choosing a product Good coverage, penetrate canopy Resistance management: Utilize good product rotations, tank mixes or formulated mixtures
22 Acknowledgements Gene Miyao California Tomato Research Institute (CTRI) Cooperating growers and PCAs, and chemical manufacturers Ioannis Stergiopoulos & Anthony Salvucci UC Davis Plant Pathology Dept.
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