Obesity, Acanthosis Nigricans, Hyperinsulinemia in Children and Adolescents

Transcription

1 KMC Diabetes Center 3/2004 Revised 2007, 2012 Obesity, Acanthosis Nigricans, Hyperinsulinemia in Children and Adolescents Olga Oviedo, RN, MSN, CNS, CDE Flores RD LD Ricardo Lopez, 1

2 I Will Learn Today What is obesity? What is BMI? What is insulin and hyperinsulinemia? What is Acanthosis Nigricans? What food is beqer to eat? What exercises help me? 2

3 What is Obesity? Being obese means having so much body fat that your health is in danger. Having too much body fat can lead to: Diabetes (Insulin Resistance) Heart Disease High Blood Pressure Breathing High Cholesterol Sleep Problems Because of these risks, it is important to lose weight even if you don t feel bad now. It is hard to change ea@ng habits and exercise habits, but you can do it if you make a plan! 3

4 What Causes Obesity? Your and habits What are your Stress? Anxiety? too much junk food Large of food Your lifestyle Do you exercise? Watch TV/Video Games too long? Your genes Is one of your parents obese? Medical Disease Some may increase your weight ü 17% of youth (2-19 years old) is obese in the US 12.5 million U.S. children and adolescents 4

5 What is BMI? Body Mass Index (BMI) in children is a measurement that helps determine weight status by using a mathema@cal formula that takes into account a child s height and weight. A BMI of 85%- 95% on growth chart means overweight A BMI of 95% on growth chart means obesity 5

6 What is Insulin? Insulin helps your body use food to give you energy. Energy helps you do like playing, going to school, dancing, sleeping, running, and many others! Insulin Food Energy 6

7 What is Hyperinsulinemia? It is when your body has too much insulin in the blood. Hyper = high Insulinemia = insulin in the blood 7

8 Effects of Too Much Insulin The Pancreas creates the Insulin Pancreas L It = Diabetes Insulin 8

9 What is Acanthosis Nigricans? Acanthosis Nigricans or AN is when you have too much insulin in your body. You can see a change in the color and feel of your skin. Usually is darker and thicker especially on the following areas: Neck Hands Inner Thighs Groin Lips Or Other Areas 9

10 Why is AN important to me? 34% of those with AN are also likely to have high levels of insulin Obesity is closely associated with Acanthosis Nigricans It could indicate that you may be at risk for gekng Diabetes Risk for High Cholesterol Risk for High Blood Pressure 10

11 How do I avoid AN problems? Lose Weight Move Scien@sts observed that physical ac@vity (more than 4 days a week) did help protect against high levels of insulin regardless of AN, BMI, family history, sex, and ethnicity. Diet - Glycemic Control 11

12 GeTng Exercise Every Day Circle the that will help you lose weight and burn sugar: Walking Watching TV Swimming Baseball Playing Video Games Football Ballet Dancing Sleeping Running Biking Basketball Football Watching a Ballgame 12

13 How Can I Eat Healthier? Think of your diet in terms of color, variety, and freshness Reduce por@on sizes Balance food with exercise Eat breakfast every day Eat more fiber 13

14 More More Tips Tips on on EaVng Healthier? Eat less salt and sugar Eat less faqy foods and cholesterol Be careful when out During a meal, stop ea@ng before you feel full Ask yourself if you are really hungry, or have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty instead of hungry Drink more water 14

15 Cut Back Tips Skip fries Avoid chicken nuggets Avoid too much fruit juice Avoid sugar coated breakfast cereals Avoid potato chips and Cheetos Avoid sodas, sport drinks, packaged drink mixes 15

16 More Tips! Kid- friendly junk food alternavves Instead of Try French fries Baked fries grilled in the oven and salted lightly Ice cream Fried chicken Doughnuts or pastries Chocolate- chip cookie Potato chips Low- fat frozen yogurt; sorbet; fresh fruit smoothies Baked or grilled chicken Bagels; English muffins; home baked goods with less sugar/fat Graham crackers, fig bars, vanilla wafers, fruit and caramel dip Pretzels, unbuqered popcorn, baked potato chips, soy crisps 16

17 Parents Be encouraging, and Pay to your child Limit television- Don t use food as a comfort measure Avoid nagging, ridiculing or forcing diets Don t focus on the weight. Instead, focus on healthy living: good ea7ng habits and physical ac7vity Make changes for the whole family (Eat healthier, everyone exercise) 17

18 What is Glycemic Index? The Glycemic Index (GI) is a numerical scale used to indicate how fast and how high a par@cular food can raise our blood glucose (blood sugar) level. A food with a low GI will typically prompt a moderate rise in blood glucose, while a food with a high GI may cause our blood glucose level to increase above the op@mal level. 18

19 What is Glycemic Index? convnued An awareness of foods' Glycemic Index can help you control your blood sugar levels, and by doing so, may help you Prevent heart disease, Improve cholesterol levels, Prevent insulin resistance and type- 2 diabetes, Prevent certain cancers, and Achieve or maintain a healthy weight. A substan@al amount of research suggests a low GI diet provides these significant health benefits. So, it's worth taking a look at the basic principles of a low GI way of ea@ng. 19

20 Glycemic Index Food Guide Low Medium High Apple Meats Bagel Kellogg's Special K Bread: puffed Apple Juice Milk Banana Kiwi Bread: white Apricot: Dried Milk: Chocolate Flavored Rice: Basma@ Kudo whole- grain Bread: whole wheat Avocado Nopalitos Beets Lemonade Candy: Jelly Beans Beans: Black Oatmeal: Old- fashioned Bread: Pita Macaroni & cheese Candy: LifeSavers Beans: Pinto Orange Bread: Rye Mango Cracker: Kalvi Breads: "Grainy" Peach: Fresh Buckwheat Milk: Condensed Cracker: Water Breads: Pumpernickel Peanut buqer Candy: Mars Bar Oatgran muffin French fries Cake: BeQy Crocker sponge Peanuts Cantaloupe Orange Juice Kellogg's Cocoa Puffs Cake: Choc., frosted Pear Coca- Cola Papaya Kellogg's Corn Flakes Calabacita (Mexican squash) Pecans Cookie: Milk arrowroot Pineapple Kellogg's Raisin Bran Cherries Rice: Brown Cookie: Oatmeal Pizza: Cheese Kellogg's Rice Krispies Chiles Rellenos Soup: Len@l Cookie: Shortbread Popcorn Popcorn Enchiladas: Chicken Soup: Tomato Corn: Sweet Potato: Sweet Potatoes Fish s@cks Spaghek Croissant Pumpkin Sports Bar: Chocolate PowerBar Flautas: Chicken Stouffer's Tortellini Crumpet Raisins Sports Bar: Cookies & Cream Clif bar Granola bars Tor@lla: Corn Orange Fanta Ryvita Crackers Sports Bar: Vanilla METRx bar Grapefruit Uncle Ben's egg fequccine Honey Waffles Grapes Vermicelli (fideo) Ice Cream Watermelon Green peas Yams Kellogg's Mini Wheats Kellogg's All Bran Kellogg's Nutrigrain

21 Follow Up With Your Doctor and Others on Your Health Team Winner! You Can Do It! Olga Oviedo or Cindy Hernandez E. 8th St. Weslaco TX