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9 Demographic Data Group Study Cohort Control p N Age, Mean (years) < Age, Median (years) < Male 41 (68.4%) 4 (20%) Female 19 (31.6%) 16 (80%) Mechanism of Injury Hemorrhagic Stroke Motor Vehicle Collision Fall Gun Shot Wound Anoxic Brain Injury Assault Ischemic Stroke 1 7 < Ruptured Aneurysm Meningitis Pedestrian vs Auto Motorcycle Collision All-Terrain Vehicle Collision Headache 0 9 < Toxic Encephalopathy
10 TABLE 1. Demographic Data For Clinical Examination Brain Death Group Group -/- -/+ +/+ p N Age, Mean (years) Age, Median (years) Male 23 (76.7%) 14 (60.8%) 4 (66.7%).459 Female 7 (23.3%) 9 (39.2%) 2 (33.3%).459 Mechanism of Injury.280 Hemorrhagic Stroke Motor Vehicle Collision Fall Gun Shot Wound Anoxic Brain Injury Assault Ischemic Stroke Ruptured Aneurysm Meningitis Pedestrian vs Auto Motorcycle Collision All-Terrain Vehicle Collision Surgery Craniotomy Craniectomy Intracranial Pressure Monitor Placed Status Dead * Brain dead Pronounced Dead by Neurosurgeon Surgical Critical Care Pulmonary Critical Care Organ Donation: Evaluated by Life-Link Organ Donor Medical Comorbidities Coronary Artery Disease Hypertension Diabetes Hyperlipidemia Anticoagulation Use
11 TABLE 1. Demographic Data Age, Median (years) Group Male 23 (76.7%) -/- 14 (60.8%) -/+ 4 (66.7%) +/+.459 p Female N 7 (23.3%) 30 9 (39.2%) 23 2 (33.3%) Age, Mechanism Mean (years) of Injury Age, Hemorrhagic Median (years) Stroke Male Motor Vehicle Collision 23 (76.7%) (60.8%) 2 4 (66.7%) Fall Female 7 (23.3%) 9 (39.2%) 2 (33.3%).459 Gun Shot Wound Mechanism Anoxic Brain of Injury Injury Hemorrhagic Assault Stroke 5 (16.7%) 1 1 (4.3%) 1 1 (16.7%) Motor Ischemic Vehicle Stroke Collision 12 (40.0%) 1 2 (8.7%) 0 1 (16.7%) Fall Ruptured Aneurysm 2 (6.7%) 1 3 (13.1%) 3 0 (0%) Gun Meningitis Shot Wound 5 (16.7%) 1 4 (17.4%) 0 3 (50%) Pedestrian vs Auto Anoxic Brain Injury 1 (3.3%) 2 (8.7%) 1 (16.7%).444 Motorcycle Collision Assault All-Terrain Vehicle Collision 1 (3.3%) 0 1 (4.3%) 1 0 (0%) Ischemic Surgery Stroke 1 (3.3%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%).612 Ruptured Craniotomy Aneurysm 1 (3.3%) 0 3 (13.1%) 1 0 (0%) Meningitis Craniectomy 1 (3.3%) 1 0 (0%) 4 0 (0%) Pedestrian Intracranial vs Pressure Auto Monitor Placed 1 (3.3%) 9 4 (17.4%) 8 0 (0%) Motorcycle Status Collision 0 (0%) 2 (8.7%) 0 (0%).198 Dead * All-Terrain Vehicle Collision 0 (0%) 1 (4.3%) 0 (0%).451 Brain dead Craniotomy 0 (0%) 1 (4.3%) 0 (0%).451
12 TABLE 1. Demographic Data Age, Median (years) Group Male 23 (76.7%) -/- 14 (60.8%) -/+ 4 (66.7%) +/+.459 p Female N 7 (23.3%) 30 9 (39.2%) 23 2 (33.3%) Age, Mechanism Mean (years) of Injury Age, Hemorrhagic Median (years) Stroke Male Motor Vehicle Collision 23 (76.7%) (60.8%) 2 4 (66.7%) Fall Female 7 (23.3%) 9 (39.2%) 2 (33.3%).459 Gun Shot Wound Mechanism Anoxic Brain of Injury Injury Hemorrhagic Assault Stroke 5 (16.7%) 1 1 (4.3%) 1 1 (16.7%) Motor Ischemic Vehicle Stroke Collision 12 (40.0%) 1 2 (8.7%) 0 1 (16.7%) Fall Ruptured Aneurysm 2 (6.7%) 1 3 (13.1%) 3 0 (0%) Gun Meningitis Shot Wound 5 (16.7%) 1 4 (17.4%) 0 3 (50%) Pedestrian vs Auto Anoxic Brain Injury 1 (3.3%) 2 (8.7%) 1 (16.7%).444 Motorcycle Collision Assault All-Terrain Vehicle Collision 1 (3.3%) 0 1 (4.3%) 1 0 (0%) Ischemic Surgery Stroke 1 (3.3%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%).612 Ruptured Craniotomy Aneurysm 1 (3.3%) 0 3 (13.1%) 1 0 (0%) Meningitis Craniectomy 1 (3.3%) 1 0 (0%) 4 0 (0%) Pedestrian Intracranial vs Pressure Auto Monitor Placed 1 (3.3%) 9 4 (17.4%) 8 0 (0%) Motorcycle Status Collision 0 (0%) 2 (8.7%) 0 (0%).198 Dead * All-Terrain Vehicle Collision 0 (0%) 1 (4.3%) 0 (0%).451 Brain dead Craniotomy 0 (0%) 1 (4.3%) 0 (0%).451
13 Significant Differences Between Groups Vessel Mean SD n Mean SD n p -/- vs. -/+ M A BA /- vs. +/+ M < A < BA < /+ vs. +/+ M < A < BA < /- vs. control M < A < BA < /+ vs. control M < A < BA < /+ vs. control M < A < BA < 0.001
14 Significant Differences Between Groups Vessel Mean SD n Mean SD n p -/- vs. -/+ M A BA /- vs. +/+ M < A < BA < /+ vs. +/+ M < A < BA < /- vs. control M < A < BA < /+ vs. control M < A < BA < /+ vs. control M < A < BA < 0.001
15 CTA Average Hounsfield Unit Readings Group n Minimum Maximum Mean SD p M1 -/ < / / Control A1 -/ < / / Control BA -/ < / / Control NMPT: nuclear medicine perfusion test M1: Horizontal segment of middle cerebral artery A1: Precommunicating segment of anterior cerebral artery BA: Basilar artery CTA: computed tomographic angiography -/-: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT and CTA -/+: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT, intracranial perfusion on CTA +/+: intracranial perfusion on both NMPT and CTA
16 CTA Average Hounsfield Unit Readings Group n Minimum Maximum Mean SD p M1 -/ < / / Control A1 -/ < / / Control BA -/ < / / Control NMPT: nuclear medicine perfusion test M1: Horizontal segment of middle cerebral artery A1: Precommunicating segment of anterior cerebral artery BA: Basilar artery CTA: computed tomographic angiography -/-: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT and CTA -/+: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT, intracranial perfusion on CTA +/+: intracranial perfusion on both NMPT and CTA
17 CTA Average Hounsfield Unit Readings Group n Minimum Maximum Mean SD p M1 -/ < / / Control A1 -/ < / / Control BA -/ < / / Control NMPT: nuclear medicine perfusion test M1: Horizontal segment of middle cerebral artery A1: Precommunicating segment of anterior cerebral artery BA: Basilar artery CTA: computed tomographic angiography -/-: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT and CTA -/+: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT, intracranial perfusion on CTA +/+: intracranial perfusion on both NMPT and CTA
18 CTA Average Hounsfield Unit Readings Group n Minimum Maximum Mean SD p M1 -/ < / / Control A1 -/ < / / Control BA -/ < / / Control NMPT: nuclear medicine perfusion test M1: Horizontal segment of middle cerebral artery A1: Precommunicating segment of anterior cerebral artery BA: Basilar artery CTA: computed tomographic angiography -/-: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT and CTA -/+: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT, intracranial perfusion on CTA +/+: intracranial perfusion on both NMPT and CTA
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21 CTA Average Hounsfield Unit Readings Group n Minimum Maximum Mean SD p M1 -/ < / / Control A1 -/ < / / Control BA -/ < / / Control NMPT: nuclear medicine perfusion test M1: Horizontal segment of middle cerebral artery A1: Precommunicating segment of anterior cerebral artery BA: Basilar artery CTA: computed tomographic angiography -/-: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT and CTA -/+: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT, intracranial perfusion on CTA +/+: intracranial perfusion on both NMPT and CTA
22 CTA Average Hounsfield Unit Readings Group n Minimum Maximum Mean SD p M1 -/ < / / Control A1 -/ < / / Control BA -/ < / / Control NMPT: nuclear medicine perfusion test M1: Horizontal segment of middle cerebral artery A1: Precommunicating segment of anterior cerebral artery BA: Basilar artery CTA: computed tomographic angiography -/-: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT and CTA -/+: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT, intracranial perfusion on CTA +/+: intracranial perfusion on both NMPT and CTA
23 CTA Average Hounsfield Unit Readings Group n Minimum Maximum Mean SD p M1 -/ < / / Control A1 -/ < / / Control BA -/ < / / Control NMPT: nuclear medicine perfusion test M1: Horizontal segment of middle cerebral artery A1: Precommunicating segment of anterior cerebral artery BA: Basilar artery CTA: computed tomographic angiography -/-: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT and CTA -/+: intracranial circulatory arrest on NMPT, intracranial perfusion on CTA +/+: intracranial perfusion on both NMPT and CTA
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27 Wijdicks et al. Neurology. 2010; 75:77-83.
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