Supplemental Material. Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R) 1946 to Present
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1 Supplemental Material Supplemental Appendix : Search Strategy Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R) 96 to Present. exp Contrast Media/ 907. exp Kidney Diseases/ 8. and 69. (contrast adj nephropathy).tw. 60. (radiocontrast adj nephropathy).tw or or Risk Assessment/ risk factors/ (risk adj model*).tw score*.tw Forecasting/ 786. prognostic factor*.tw. 68. "Predictive Value of Tests"/ 80. predict*.tw Statistics as Topic/ statistic*.tw exp Regression Analysis/ *.tw (logistic adj model*).tw multivariate analysis/ 898. (multivariate adj analysis).tw sn.fs. 68. exp mathematical concepts/ 77. exp Models, Biological/ 677. exp models, statistical/ 877
2 6. area under curve/ algorithm*.tw equation*.tw or 8 or 9 or 0 or or or or or or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 0 or or or or or or 6 or 7 or and 9 9. remove duplicates from remove duplicates from limit to yr="0 -Current" 9 CINAHL Plus with Fulltext S0 S6 AND S8 Limiters - Published Date: Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (9) S9 S6 AND S8 Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (8) S8 S7 OR S8 OR S9 OR S0 OR S OR S OR S OR S OR S OR S6 OR S7 OR S8 OR S9 OR S0 OR S OR S OR S OR S OR S OR S6 OR S7 Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (90,96) S7 equation* Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (,9) S6 algorithm* Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (7,00) S (MH "algorithms") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (0,660) S (MH "models, statistical")
3 Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (8,9) S (MH "models, biological") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase 6,) S (MH "mathematics") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (9,) S multivariate n analysis Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (8,7) S0 (MH "multivariate analysis") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (8,608) S9 logistic n model* Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (8,6) S8 * Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (0,0) S7 (MH "+") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (8,80) S6 statistic* Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (8,69) S (MH "statistics") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (8,9) S predict* Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (9,08) S (MH "predictive value of tests") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (0,87) S prognostic factor* Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (,) S (MH "forecasting") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (0,) S0 score* Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (,87) S9 risk n model* Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (,87)
4 S8 (MH "risk factors") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (0,7) S7 (MH "risk assessment") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (,) S6 S OR S OR S Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (,0) S radiocontrast n nephropathy Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (7) S contrast n nephropathy Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (6) S S AND S Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (,6) S (MH "kidney diseases+") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (,) S (MH "contrast media+") Search modes - Boolean/Phrase (,68) Embase Classic+Embase 97 to 0 Week 0 contrast induced nephropathy/ 9 (contrast adj nephropathy).tw. 66 (radiocontrast adj nephropathy).tw. or or 708 risk assessment/ 0 6 risk factor/ (risk adj model*).tw score*.tw prognostic factor*.tw prediction/ 7
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6 Supplementary Appendix : Criteria for measuring risk of bias and clinical usefulness Study participation Study attrition Prognostic factor selection Bias Prognostic factor measurement Outcome measurement Statistical analysis Reporting of model performance Utility Usability Clinical Usefulness *Adapted from references and 6. Areas to Consider Sample population matches the population of interest Inclusion and exclusion criteria Sampling frame and recruitment strategy, including methods to identify the study sample and the period/place of recruitment Adequate participation in the study by eligible patients Characteristics of baseline study sample Proportion of the study sample who complete the study Attempts to collect data on patients who withdraw from the study Reasons for loss to follow-up Characteristics of patients loss to follow-up Differences in characteristics and outcomes between patients who complete the study and patients lost to follow-up Clear definitions of candidate predictors Selection method for final model predictors Clearly defined method of measurement for each predictor Handling of each prognostic factor during model development (such as continuous or discrete) Handling of missing data and methods for imputation Clearly defined outcomes Outcome ascertainment that limits misclassification Outcome follow-up period Sufficient data presentation to assess the results Primary modelling method (such as logistic ) Appropriate use of alternative methods (such as competing risk or multiple event models) Appropriate confounding variables included Discrimination Calibration Reclassification, especially when models are compared to each other or another standard of care Risk categories provided that would trigger a diagnostic or therapeutic decision Clinical trial data to demonstrate an effect on decision-making or clinical outcomes Simple risk calculator or nomogram to facilitate use at the bedside Electronic or web-based calculator to facilitate use at the bedside
7 Supplemental Appendix : Included predictive models Study Bartholemew et al., 00 Chen et al., 0 Fu et al., 0 Gao et al., 0 Variable Selection Procedure Stepwise multivariable of significant variables on univariate Univariate analysis to identify predictors; which were then applied in stepwise multivariable logistic Method for Missing Variables No. of variables considered Variables Considered in Final Model NR >0 Creatinine clearance <60 ml/min Intra-aortic balloon pump use Urgent/Emergency procedure Diabetes Mellitus Congestive heart failure Hypertension Peripheral vascular disease Contrast > 60mL NR NR Age 70 years History of myocardial infarction Hypotension (sbp 90mmHg) Left ventricular ejection fraction % Anemia (Hematocrit<9% men; <6% women) Estimated glomerular filtration rate <60mL/min HDL < Urgent percutaneous coronary intervention NR NR Estimated glomerular filtration rate <60mL/min Left ventricular ejection fraction % Hypotension (sbp 90mmHg) Anemia (Hemoglobin < grams/deciliter) Age >70 years Emergency percutaneous coronary intervention Myocardial infarction Contrast dose >00 ml Stepwise logistic NR 6 Age >60 years Hypertension Acute myocardial infarction Congestive heart failure Use of intra-aortic balloon pump Baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate 89 to 70 ml/min 69 to 0 ml/min 9 to 0 ml/min Variable Effect Reporting Variable Effect (9%CI) Odds Ratio (.6-6.9). (.6-7.). (.9-6.). (.-.). (.6-.9).0 (.-.8).9 (.-.7).8 (.-.) Odds Ratio. (.8-.9).6 (.00-.7). (.-.00).6 ( ). (.8-.8).9 (.0-.9).60 ( ). (.08-.9).6 (.0-.07) Odds Ratio.7 ( (.9-.66).798 ( ).0 (.8-.).7 (.0-.70).78 (.00-.9).69 (.8-.).6 ( ).00 (.6-.00) Odds Ratio. (.-.).0 (.6-.). (.-.0). (.8-.8).90 (.80-8.).7 ( ). (.-.6). (.-6.8) Variable Score 6 7
8 <0 ml/min Contrast volume: >00 to 00 ml >00 ml 6.66 (.9-0.).76 (.0-.97).6 (.7-7.) 6 Ghani et al., 009 Forward selection NR NR Baseline Creatinine umol/l Shock Female gender Multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention Odds Ratio.06 (6.6-.8).8 ( ). (.-.7).7 (.-.6). (.0-.) 7 Gurm et al., 0 Liu et al., 0 Forest NR 6 Percutaneous coronary intervention indication Percutaneous coronary intervention status Coronary artery disease presentation Cardiogenic shock Congestive heart failure within weeks Pre-percutaneous coronary intervention LVEF Age Weight Height CK-MB Creatinine Hemoglobin Troponin I Troponin T Univariate analysis to identify predictors along with other known CIN risk factors were entered into multivariate logistic analysis by NR 6 Age 7 years Left ventricular ejection fraction < 0% Baseline creatinine >.mg/dl Web-based NR Odds Ratio Web-based score
9 forward stepwise selection Mehran et al., 00 Risk factors significant in univariate analysis were included in a bootstrap sample Excluded NR Model A (Cr): Hypotension (sbp <80 mmhg) Intra-aortic balloon pump use Congestive heart failure Serum creatinine>.mg/dl Age>7 Anemia (Hematocrit<9% men; <6% women) Contrast volume Odds Ratio.7 (.97-.6).8 (.68-.).0 (.68-.0).0 (.9-.66).87 (.-.6).60 (.-.9).08 (.6-.8).90 (.-.8) for 00mL Model B (egfr): Congestive heart failure Hypotension (sbp <80 mmhg) Intra-aortic balloon pump use Age>7 Anemia (Hematocrit<9% men; <6% women) Contrast volume Estimated glomerular filtration rate.698 (.0-.60).676 (.08-.).7 (.7-.7).9 (.78-.7).87 (.-.0).97 (.-.9).76 (.0-.6).9 (.0-.0) for 00mL for 0-60mL/min for 0-0mL/min 6 for<0ml/min Maioli et al., 00 Marenzi et al., 00 Stepwise logistic Logistic of confounders Excluded NR One procedure within the past 7h Left ventricular ejection fraction % Pre-procedure creatinine>baseline creatinine Baseline creatinine.mg/dl Creatinine clearance ml/min Age 7 years NR NR Age 7 years Anterior myocardial infarction Time to reperfusion 6hours Contrast agent volume 00mL Odds Ratio.7 (.08-.).6 ( ). ( ).0 (.6-.89).78 (.6-.8).6 (.-.9).0(.-.) Odds Ratio.8 (.98-.0).7 (0.88-.). (.0-6.6).80 ( )
10 Tziakas et al., 0 Victor et al., 0 Logistic Univariate analysis to identify predictors; multivariate logistic analysis by forward stepwise selection Use of intra-aortic balloon pump..6-.6) Odds Ratio 7.08 (.-.6).7 (.-.9).7 ( ) 8.8 (.-.8).8 (.9-.7) Exclude 0 Pre-existing renal disease Metformin Hx of prior percutaneous coronary intervention Peripheral artery disease Contrast volume<00ml Exclude 0 Creatinine clearance Amount of contrast Hemoglobin Diabetic microangiopathy Hypotension (sbp<80 mm Hg for at least hour requiring inotropic support within hours periprocedurally) Albuminuria Peripheral vascular disease Odds ratio 7.6 (.6-.7).6 (.6-.).8 (.0-.6).9 ( ). (7.-.8) 8.0 (.97-.) 0.9 (.0-.8) Abbreviations: NR: not reported; sbp: systolic blood pressure; mmhg: millimeters mercury; mg/dl: milligrams per deciliter. Web-based score
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