Salvaging the Unsalvageable: Intermittent Pneumatic Compression and Foot Ulcer Healing. Revascularize (when possible)

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1 Salvaging the Unsalvageable: Intermittent Pneumatic Compression and Foot Ulcer Healing Thom Rooke, MD Thom Krehbiel Professor of Vascular Medicine Mayo Clinic Approach to the Severely Ischemic Limb Identify presence of ischemia Clinical San Francisco, 2009 Approach to the Severely Ischemic Limb Identify presence of ischemia Laboratory Approach to the Severely Ischemic Limb Identify presence of ischemia Revascularize (when possible) 1

2 Approach to the Severely Ischemic Limb Identify presence of ischemia Revascularize (when possible) Amputate (when revascularization not possible) Approach to the Severely Ischemic Limb Identify presence of ischemia Revascularize (when possible) Amputate (when revascularization not possible) Extraordinary Measures 2

3 Extraordinary Measures Intermittent Pneumatic Compression An observation 3

4 Pumps (early 90 s) Venous Treatment of Ischemic Limbs Theoretical Benefits of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Compression every 20 seconds Pressure + / - 40 mmhg Edema Control Improvement in Venous Return Improvement in Arterial Flow Improvement in Tissue Oxygen Treatment of Ischemic Limbs $$$ Theoretical Benefits of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Edema Control Improvement in Venous Return Improvement in Arterial Flow Improvement in Tissue Oxygen Edema Control 4

5 Treatment of Ischemic Limbs Theoretical Benefits of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Edema Control Improvement in Venous Return Improvement in Arterial Flow Improvement in Tissue Oxygen Venous Return 5

6 Treatment of Ischemic Limbs Theoretical Benefits of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression 20 seconds Arterial Flow Edema Control Improvement in Venous Return Improvement in Arterial Flow Improvement in Tissue Oxygen Treatment of Ischemic Limbs Tissue Oxygen Theoretical Benefits of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Edema Control Improvement in Venous Return Improvement in Arterial Flow Improvement in Tissue Oxygen 6

7 TcPO2 and Wound Healing > 40 mmhg -- Ulcers/Amputations Heal mmhg -- Gray Zone Late 1990 s Venous pumps Treatment of Ischemic Ulcers # Ulcers 48 Hours of Compression 4-6 / Day < 20 mmhg -- Poor Healing TcPO2 (pre) TcPO2 (post) 24 mmhg 36 mmhg Venous pumps Late 1990 s New Treatment of Ischemic Ulcers # Ulcers 48 Died During Treatment 7/48 (15%) Healed (16 weeks) 31/41 (76%) Amputation 3/41 (7%) Non-healed (31 weeks) 7/41 (17%) - Size (pre) 340 mm ² - Size (post) 125 mm ² Fast inflation Arterial Pumps (Impulse) > 100 mmhg 7

8 Ulcer Therapy -- Favorable Outcomes (non-revascularized) TcpO2 (mmhg) Without Pumps With Pumps P (n=40) (n=96) > % 91% NS % 83% <.05 < 20 0% 50% <.05 non-random Ulcer Therapy -- Favorable Outcomes (non-revascularized) TcpO2 (mmhg) Without Pumps With Pumps P (n=40) (n=96) > % 91% NS % 83% <.05 < 20 0% 50% <.05 non-random Vella A, Carlson L,Blier B, Felty C, Kuiper J, and Rooke T Circulator boot therapy alters the natural history of ischemic limb ulceration Vascular Medicine 2000; 5: Vella A, Carlson L,Blier B, Felty C, Kuiper J, and Rooke T Circulator boot therapy alters the natural history of ischemic limb ulceration Vascular Medicine 2000; 5: Ulcer Therapy -- Favorable Outcomes (non-revascularizable) TcpO2 (mmhg) Without Pumps With Pumps P (n=40) (n=96) > % 91% NS % 83% <.05 < 20 0% 50% <.05 non-random Vella A, Carlson L,Blier B, Felty C, Kuiper J, and Rooke T Circulator boot therapy alters the natural history of ischemic limb ulceration Vascular Medicine 2000; 5: Improving limb salvage in critical ischemia with intermittent pneumatic compression: A controlled study with 18-month follow-up random J Vasc Surg Mar;47(3): Steven J. Kavros, DPM, Konstantinos T. Delis, MD, MS, PhD, FRCSI, EBSQvasc, Norman S. Turner, MD, Anthony E. Voll, RN, Davis A. Liedl, RN, Peter Gloviczki, MD, Thom W. Rooke, MD N = 48 Without Pumps (24) With Pumps (24) Bypass graft 67% 79% % patent 88% 89% ABI Healed 17% 58% *** BKA 83% 42% *** 8

9 Improving limb salvage in critical ischemia with intermittent pneumatic compression: A controlled study with 18-month follow-up random J Vasc Surg Mar;47(3): Steven J. Kavros, DPM, Konstantinos T. Delis, MD, MS, PhD, FRCSI, EBSQvasc, Norman S. Turner, MD, Anthony E. Voll, RN, Davis A. Liedl, RN, Peter Gloviczki, MD, Thom W. Rooke, MD N = 48 Without Pumps (24) With Pumps (24) Bypass graft 67% 79% % patent 88% 89% ABI Healed 17% 58% *** BKA 83% 42% *** Upper Extremity Not just for legs and feet anymore Angiology, Vol. 56, No. 4, (2005) Use of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression for Treatment of Upper Extremity Vascular Ulcers 9

10 Upper Extremity Pump for Ischemic Limb 27 ulcers age = 53 Autoimmune 88% Scleroderma 65% 5 +/- 1.5 hrs/day avg. = 25 weeks The End Ulcer healing 26/27 (96%) 10

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