TAXONOMY. Plant Family Scientific Name

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1 Plant Propagation Protocol for Centaurium exaltatum ESRM 412 Native Plant Production Protocol URL: Plant Family Gentianaceae Common Gentian Specie Varietie Sub-pecie Cultivar Common Synonym() Common TAXONOMY Centaurium exaltatum (Grieb.) W. Wight ex Piper Centaurium nuttallii (S. Waton) A. Heller Cicendia exaltata Grieb. Zeltnera exaltata (Grieb.) G. Man. Deert Centaury

2 () Specie Code Geographical range CEEX GENERAL INFORMATION Ecological ditribution Climate and elevation Centaurium exaltatum can be found in mot of the wetern United State a well a Britih Columbia. Within Wahington tate it i found eat of the cacade (the image above how in which countie pecimen were collected, NOT the full extent of range). Coatal Sage Scrub, Chaparral, Creoote Buh Scrub, Wetland-Riparian Precipitation range for thi pecie i from 8 to 18 annually and the elevation range i from 900 to 2200 ft. Thi pecie require at leat 120 frot free day,

3 range Local habitat and abundance Plant trategy type / ucceional tage Plant characteritic Ecotype Propagation Goal Propagation Method Product Type Stock Type Time to Grow Target Specification Collection Intruction Proceing/Pr opagule Characteritic Pre-Planting Treatment Growing Area Preparation / Annual Practice for Perennial Crop and grow in temperature above 52 F. Centaurium exaltatum prefer moit alkaline oil, and i commonly aociated with thee pecie: alkali altgra (Ditichli picata), ruh pecie (Juncu pp.), common witchgra (Panicum capillare), foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum) and American bulruh (Schoenoplectu pungen var. longipicatu) Centaurium exaltatum prefer alkaline oil (up to 9 ph). Thi pecie doe not reproduce vegetatively, and mut grow anew from eed every year. Becaue of thi population year to year can vary widely baed on environmental condition. Specie urvival depend on the eed bank, and eed diperal via water, waterfowl, and mall mammal. Annual forb with ingle to many talk that grow from 5 to 25 cm tall. Flower can have 4 or 5 petal, and are often purple or white. Seed Seed : more eed PROPAGATION DETAILS 3 to 6 month until eed can be collected. Mature pecimen that have flowered and produced fruit. Collect fruit in the ummer before the capule dry out and releae the eed. Fruit are lender capule, 12 to 18 mm long, containing numerou, mall, egg-haped, pitted, and brown eed 2,000,000 eed per pound. Cleaning: Pod were rubbed by hand to remove eed. Seed are then ized uing Laboratory Tet Sieve, meh ize 50. Lot wa then air-creened uing an office Clipper, with a top creen, 50 x 50 wire and a bottom creen, blank, low peed, and low air. (for Centaurium arizonicum) Preparing moit, (lightly) alkaline oil of a medium or coare texture will benefit thi pecie the mot. It hould alo be noted that Centaurium exaltatum doe not like hade, fire, or drought.

4 Etablihment Detail Stratification i not required, and eed have high germination rate under white light. Etablihmen t Active Growth Active Growth Hardening Hardening Harveting, Storage and Shipping Storage Guideline for Outplanting / Performance on Typical Site Other Comment 2 week Summer 3 month. None. None. Follow the ame eed cleaning method above, and tore in 33 to 38 F with low relative humidity. Poibly up to a few year in cold torage. Sowing eed into the eed bank in early pring i the mot effective outplanting technique. Not enough tudie have been done with thi pecie for reliable owing denity and in-itu germination rate. INFORMATION SOURCES Reference USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team. "Centaurium Exaltatum (Grieb.) W. Wight Ex Piper." USDA Plant Databae. N.p., n.d. Web. < "Centaurium Exaltatum (Grieb.) Piper." The Calflora Databae. N.p., n.d. Web. < Pringle, Jame S. "Zeltnera Exaltata." Jepon EFlora. N.p., n.d. Web. < "Centaurium Exaltatum - (Grieb.) W. Wight Ex Piper." NatureServe: An Online Encyclopedia of Life. N.p., Nov Web. < MENT_GLOBAL >.

5 Barner, Jim. "Centaurium (arizonicum)." Native Plant Network Propagation Protocol Databae. N.p., Web. < ceae-centaurium-3398>. Symond, Joie. "Wetern Centaury (Zeltnera Exaltata)." Plant Specie at Rik Fact Sheet. N.p., Feb Web. < nera_exaltata.pdf>. Giblin, David, and Don Knoke. "Zeltnera Exaltata." WTU Herbarium. N.p., n.d. Web. < Zeltnera&Specie=exaltata>. Other Source Conulted Protocol Author Date Protocol Created or Updated Zivkovic, S., M. Devic, B. Filipovic, Z. Giba, and D. Grubiic. "Effect of NaCl on Seed Germination in Some Centaurium Hill. Specie (Gentianaceae)." Archive of Biological Science 59.3 (2007): Web. < Luke Ruell 05/21/17

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