The Urinary System. C h a p t e r. PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Jason LaPres North Harris College Houston, Texas
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1 C h a p t e r 26 The Urinary System PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Jason LaPres North Harris College Houston, Texas Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
2 Introduction The urinary system includes the kidneys, the ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra. Performs vital excretory functions: Regulating plasma concentrations of ions Regulating blood volume and blood pressure by adjusting the volume of water lost in the urine, releasing erythropoietin, and releasing renin Contributing to the stabilization of blood ph Conserving valuable nutrients Eliminating organic waste products Synthesizing calcitriol. Assisting the liver in detoxifying poisons
3 Urine-producing organ of the urinary system Two kidneys in the retroperitoneal area Left kidney is higher than the right kidney Contain millions of tiny nephrons
4 Figure 26.1a An Introduction to the Urinary System (a) Anterior View
5 Figure 26.1b An Introduction to the Urinary System: (a) Posterior View
6 Figure 26.1c An Introduction to the Urinary System: (c) Transverse Section at L 1
7 Figure 26.1d An Introduction to the Urinary System: (d) Transverse Section at T 12
8 Figure 26.2 The Urinary System in Gross Dissection
9 Figure 26.3a Structure of the Kidney: (a) Frontal Section of Left Kidney, Anterior View
10 Figure 26.3b, c Structure of the Kidney: (b) Calyces and Renal Pelvis; (c) Urogram
11 Figure 26.4a Blood Supply to the Kidneys, (a) Frontal Section
12 Figure 26.4b Blood Supply to the Kidneys, (b) Cortical Circulation
13 Figure 26.4c Blood Supply to the Kidneys, (c) Flowchart of Renal Ciriulation
14 Figure 26.5 Renal Vessels and Blood Flow
15 Figure 26.6 A Typical Nephron
16 Figure 26.7a, b Histology of the Nephron,
17 Figure 26.7a, c Histology of the Nephron,
18 Figure 26.7a, d Histology of the Nephron,
19 Figure 26.7e, f Histology of the Nephron
20 Figure 26.8a, c The Renal Corpuscle
21 Figure 26.8b The Renal Corpuscle
22 Figure 26.8d The Renal Corpuscle
23 Figure 26.8e The Renal Corpuscle
24 Figure 26.9a Images of the Urinary System: (a) Color-Enhanced CT Scan
25 Figure 26.9b Images of the Urinary System: (b) Renal Angiogram
26 Figure Histology of a Renal Glomerulus of a Patient with a Condition Similar to Danni s.
27 Structures for Urine Transport, Storage, and Elimination Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra There are significant differences between the male and female urethra.
28 Structures for Urine Transport, Storage, and Elimination Figure 26.9c Images of the Urinary System (c) Normal Pyelogram
29 MStructures for Urine Transport, Storage, and Elimination Figure 26.10a Organs Responsible for the Conduction and Storage of Urine: (a) Male Pelvis, Sagittal Section
30 MStructures for Urine Transport, Storage, and Elimination Figure 26.10b Organs Responsible for the Conduction and Storage of Urine: (b) Female Pelvis, Sagittal Section
31 MStructures for Urine Transport, Storage, and Elimination Figure 26.10c, d Organs Responsible for the Conduction and Storage of Urine: (c) Male Bladder, Anterior View; (d) Male Bladder, Posterior View
32 MStructures for Urine Transport, Storage, and Elimination Figure Histology of the Collecting and Transport Organs
33 Aging and the Urinary System A decline in the number of functional nephrons A reduction in glomerular filtration Reduced sensitivity to ADH Problems with the micturition reflex related to the following factors: Loss of tone in sphincter muscles leading to incontinence Strokes, Alzheimer s disease, or other CNS problems impair ability to control micturition Urinary retention may develop in men whose prostrate glands are enlarged
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