Medical Terminology The Fun in Deciphering Words. Julie A. Shay, RHIA Santa Fe HIT Program Director AAPC Conference September 29, 2012
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1 Julie A. Shay, RHIA Santa Fe HIT Program Director AAPC Conference September 29, 2012
2 Back to the Basics Pieces, Parts, Whole Body Systems Musculoskeletal Cardiovascular Solve the Puzzle
3
4 1. Word roots usually, but not always, indicate the part of the body involved. 2. Combining Forms Created by adding a vowel (usually the letter o ) to the end of a word root. Used when connecting word roots or when the word root is joined to a suffix that begins with a consonant.
5
6 Suffixes usually, but not always, indicate the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease.
7 Prefixes usually, but not always, indicate location, time, number, or status.
8 Decipher these medical terms based on their word parts: cardiologist gastritis neuralgia
9
10 -algia pain, painful condition dys- bad, difficult, or painful -ectomy surgical removal, cutting out, excision hyper- excessive, increased (continue s)
11 hypo- deficient, decreased -itis inflammation -osis abnormal condition, disease (continue s)
12 -ostomy the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface -otomy cutting, surgical incision -plasty surgical repair -rrhage bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge (continue s)
13 -rrhaphy surgical suturing -rrhea flow or discharge -rrhexis rupture -sclerosis abnormal hardening
14 Questions
15 A vertebra is a bone in the spine. What is the plural of vertebra? a. vertebras b. vertebri c. vertebrae
16 Inter- means within or inside. True or False?
17 Losing a large amount of blood in a short time is a: a. hemorage b. hemorrhage c. hemorhage
18 The ilium is part of the hip bone, and the ileum is part of the small intestine. True or False?
19 Describe the location and functions of body parts using: Body planes Body directions Body cavities Structural units
20 (continue s)
21 (continue s)
22 (continue s)
23 (continue s)
24 (continue s)
25
26 Body parts are organized into systems according to function. Examples: Skeletal system Muscular system Cardiovascular system
27 aden/o gland adip/o fat anter/o before, front caud/o lower part of body, tail (continue s)
28 cephal/o head cyt/o, -cyte cell end-, endo- in, within, inside exo- out of, outside, away from (continue s)
29 hist/o, histi/o tissue -ologist specialist -ology the science or study of path/o, -pathy disease, suffering, feeling, emotion (continue s)
30 plas/i, plas/o, -plasia development, growth, formation poster/o behind, toward the back -stasis, -static control, maintenance of a constant level
31 Overview of Structures, Combining Forms, and Functions of the Skeletal System
32 Typical Long Bone (continue s)
33
34
35 Questions
36 There are 15 phalanges (finger bones) in a human hand. True or False?
37 False. The human hand has 14 phalanges.
38 Nearly one fourth of all human bones can be found in the feet. True or False?
39 True
40 Babies are born with 300 bones, but by adulthood, we have only 206. True or False?
41 True
42 The largest bone in the human body is the: a. femur b. pelvis c. fibula
43 a. the femur (thigh bone)
44 Overview of Structures, Combining Forms, and Functions of the Muscular System
45 (continue s)
46 (continue s)
47
48 Muscle innervation: stimulation of a muscle by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve Neuromuscular: pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle (continue s)
49 Antagonistic Muscle Pairs Contraction Relaxation
50 Abduction: movement of a limb away from the midline of the body Adduction: movement of a limb toward the midline of the body (continue s)
51 (continue s)
52 Flexion: decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint Extension: increasing the angle between two bones or the straightening out of a limb Hyperextension: the extreme or overextension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit (continue s)
53
54 Rotation: a circular movement around an axis such as the shoulder joint Circumduction: the circular movement at the far end of a limb (continue s)
55
56 Supination: the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned forward or upward Pronation: the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward (continue s)
57
58 Dorsiflexion: the movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle Plantar flexion: the movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle (continue s)
59
60 Overview of Structures, Combining Forms, and Functions of the Digestive Systems
61
62 Primary Function Begins preparation of food for digestion Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) or/o stomat/o
63
64 Primary Function Transports food from the mouth to the esophagus Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) pharyng/o
65 Primary Function Transports food from the pharynx to the stomach Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) esophag/o
66 Primary Function Breaks down food and mixes it with digestive juices Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) gastr/o
67
68 Primary Function Completes digestion and absorption of most nutrients Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) enter/o
69 Primary Function Absorbs excess water Prepares solid waste for elimination Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) col/o, colon/o
70
71 Primary Function Controls the excretion of solid waste Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) an/o proct/o rect/o
72 Primary Function Secretes bile and enzymes to aid in the digestion of fats Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) hepat/o
73 Primary Function Stores bile and releases it to the small intestine as needed Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) cholecyst/o
74 Primary Function Secretes digestive juices and enzymes into small intestine as needed Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) pancreat/o (continue s)
75
76 an/o anus, ring chol/e bile, gall cholecyst/o gallbladder col/o, colon/o colon, large intestine (continue s)
77 -emesis vomiting enter/o small intestine esophag/o esophagus gastr/o stomach, belly (continue s)
78 hepat/o liver -lithiasis presence of stones -pepsia digest, digestion -phagia eating, swallowing (continue s)
79 proct/o anus and rectum rect/o rectum, straight sigmoid/o sigmoid colon
80 Questions
81 The hydrochloric acid in the human stomach is strong enough to dissolve a nail. True or False?
82 True
83 How many pounds of force can the jaw muscles provide to bring the back teeth together for chewing? a. 50 b. 200 c. 500
84 c. 200
85 If 80% of the human liver was removed, it could still function and would eventually regenerate to its original size. True or False?
86 True
87 The body s longest internal organ is the small intestine at an average length of about: a. 20 feet b. 10 feet c. 5 feet
88 a. 20 feet
89 Handout
90 Thank you! Source: for Health Professions Ann Ehrlich and Carol L. Schroeder
The Digestive System
The Digestive System Combining Forms Append/o appendix Hepat/o liver Appendic/o appendix Lingu/o tongue Col/o colon Myc/o fungus Dent/o teeth Odont/o teeth Enter/o intestine Or/o mouth Esophag/o esophagus
saliva, salivary glands
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