Salesian English School. Form 5 Post-mock Examination 2004 BIOLOGY PAPER 1. 8:30 am - 10:00 am (1 hour and thirty minutes)

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1 2004-CE BIO Paper 1 Salesian English School Form 5 Post-mock Examination 2004 BIOLOGY PAPER 1 8:30 am - 10:00 am (1 hour and thirty minutes) This paper must be answered in English 1. Attempt THREE questions only. 2. Each question consists of three parts. 3. All questions carry equal marks. 4. In each question, 2 additional marks will be awarded for effective communication. 5. The diagrams in this paper are NOT necessarily drawn to scale Postmock-CE-Bio 1 Page 1 of 8

1. (a) Thalassuemia 地中海貧血症 is caused by a defective allele. Patient suffering from this disease has severe anaemia and require blood transfusions for survival in their entire life.

2 1. (a) Thalassuemia 地中海貧血症 is caused by a defective allele. Patient suffering from this disease has severe anaemia and require blood transfusions for survival in their entire life. A child was born with Thalassuemia, but both of his parents are normal. (i) Deduce, with reasons, whether allele for Thalassuemia is dominant or recessive. (Marks will not be awarded for genetic diagram.) (5 marks) (ii) The couple is expecting another child. What is the probability of this child being normal. (iii) Explain why child with Thalassuemia always feels very tired. (iv) The blood group of this child is O. List all the blood groups which cannot be transfused to this child. (b) The photograph below shows an athlete diving into the swimming pool and the diagram shows part of the ear: Out of 2005 HKCE syllabus) (i) Give two functions of structure E shown in the diagram. (ii) (1) Using the letters in the diagram, state the part of the ear that detects the body movement of the athlete as shown in the photograph. (2) Describe how the part you stated in (1) helps the athlete detect her body movement. (iii) When the athlete is at the bottom of the pool, she cannot hear clearly. Explain why. (c) Three groups of young seedlings of the same species were grown separately in three different culture solutions: Group A in a culture solution deficient in nitrogen Group B in a complete culture solution of recommended concentration Group C in a complete culture solution of 10 x recommended concentration B C A Growth of seedlings in three different culture solutions 2004-Postmock-CE-Bio 1 Page 2 of 8

3 (i) Why is there no significant difference in the results of groups A and B within the beginning 2 weeks? (ii) Explain why the result for group C deviated from that of group B at the later stage of the experiment. (iii) If the young seedlings grown belong to a species of leguminous plant, there is no significant difference in growth rate for groups A and B. Explain briefly. (iv) A thin transverse section was cut from the root of group C and observed under light microscope. Draw a labeled diagram to show the appearance of one of the typical cells seen. 2. (a) The diagram below shows an experimental set-up used to measure the oxygen consumption rates of animals at room temperature. A mouse was placed into the respiratory chamber. A syringe was inserted into the inlet hose to inject 10 cm 3 of air into the respiratory chamber. The clamp was then closed and the time was noted; this was the starting time of the experiment. When the fluid levels in the arms of the U-tube were the same, the time was again noted; this was the ending time. The experiment was then repeated using several grasshoppers. A set of the experimental data is presented in the table below. (i) At the starting time of the experiment, what happened to the fluid levels in the two arms of the U-tube? Account for the observation. (ii) Account for the fluid levels in the U-tube arms at the ending time of the experiment. (iii) Calculate the oxygen consumption rates (cm 3 O 2 h -1 g -1 ) of the mouse and the grasshoppers. (iv) How would the oxygen consumption rates of the mouse and the grasshoppers change if the temperature in the respiratory chamber dropped from 25 o C to 5 o C? (b) Smoking has a lot of harmful effects. (i) Explain why smoking may increase the chance of infection of atypical pneumonia (SARS). (ii) Explain why wearing face mask is believed to be effective in minimizing the risk of the above infection. (2 mark) 2004-Postmock-CE-Bio 1 Page 3 of 8

4 (iii) Some people have increase in ventilation rate after wearing the face mask for a long time. Explain this phenomenon. (iv) Apart from the harmful effects listed in (i), state two other harmful effects that may be caused by smoking. (c) Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease of the joints caused by the body's immune system attacking the joint tissues. The following photograph shows the hand of a patient suffering from this disease: The diagrams below illustrate the structure of a normal finger joint and that of a finger joint affected by rheumatoid arthritis. The two diagrams are drawn to the same scale: (i) Name the type of joint exemplified by the joint between the finger bones. What is the characteristic of this kind of joint? (ii) In the normal finger joint, what is the function of (1) the synovial membrane (2) the capsule (iii) Referring to the two diagrams, explain the symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (iv) Rheumatoid arthritis begins with the inflammation of the synovial membrane. Suggest what kind of cells would increase greatly in number in the synovial membrane of the affected joint. (v) Patient suffering from this disease have to take drugs that suppress the immune response of the body. Suggest one disadvantage of taking this kind of drugs Postmock-CE-Bio 1 Page 4 of 8

5 3. (a) In an open heart surgery, the beating of the heart must be stopped and the heart must be emptied of blood. A heart-lung machine, which mainly consists of a pump and an oxygenator, is used during the surgery. Blood is channelled from a certain blood vessel X into the heart-lung machine, bypassing the heart and lungs of the patient. After passing through the machine, the blood is then returned into the aorta. Below is a simplified diagram which shows the layout of the heart-lung machine and its connections to the heart: (i) Sodium citrate should be added to the blood during surgery. Why is it necessary? (ii) Which chamber of the heart has the same function as the pump? (iii) Describe and explain the change in the colour of the blood after passing through the oxygenator. (iv) The oxygenated blood from the oxygenator is returned to the body at the aorta. Comment on the necessity and disadvantage of this treatment Postmock-CE-Bio 1 Page 5 of 8

6 (b) The diagram below shows a river and the types of land use on the two sides of the river: The water quality of the river was studied by measuring the amounts of dissolved oxygen, ammonia and total suspended solids in water samples collected at three sites, A, B and C, along the river. The results are as follows: (i) (1) Which site had the lowest dissolved oxygen content? (2) Explain why this site had such a low content of dissolved oxygen. (ii) Give two possible reasons for the highest ammonia content at site C. (iii) Suggest two ways to reduce the amount of total suspended solids in the river. (iv) Later, a factory was built on the bare land near site A. It discharged waste water containing mercury into the river. It was found that after five years some people suffered from mercury poisoning through eating fish caught from the river. How would you explain this? (c) Sushi is a popular kind of Japanese food with a piece of fish or other meat placed on top of some cooked rice. The diagram below outlines the steps involved in sushi production in a sushi bar: Out of 2005 HKCE syllabus 2004-Postmock-CE-Bio 1 Page 6 of 8

7 (i) Explain why the fish has to be stored at -18 o C before it is used to make sushi. (ii) Referring to the diagram above, suggest two ways to improve the preparation process of sushi so that the sushi is safe to eat. (iii) The fish for sushi is eaten raw. Explain how the alimentary canal may help in protecting the body against pathogens that might be present in the raw fish. (iv) Some people like to eat pork. If the pork is not cooked thoroughly, it may contain parasitic worms which are harmful to human body. (1) Give one example of such parasitic worms. (2) State two harmful effects of the parasitic worms on the health of a person. 4. (a) The experimental set up below is used to demonstrate the permeability of the dialysis tubing to sucrose and invertase. Invertase is an enzyme to hydrolyze sucrose to simple sugars which are reducing. (N.B. Sucrose is not a reducing sugar.) The set up is left for 5 minutes. (i) Before placing the dialysis tubing into the boiling tube of invertase solution, the outside of the dialysis tubing should be flushed with slow running tap water. Why? (ii) The solution in the boiling tube gives positive test when a sample of it is boiled with Benedict s solution. Explain this result. (iii) The same Benedict s test was carried out for a sample of solution inside the dialysis tubing. It gives negative test if the above set up has been left for 5 minutes. But it gives positive result for the Benedict s test if the above set up has been left for 30 minutes. Explain these results. (iv) Dialysis tubing is a model to illustrate alimentary canal. Suggest three ways this is not a good representation of alimentary canal Postmock-CE-Bio 1 Page 7 of 8

8 (b) Below is some information extracted from a newspaper in March, Carbon dioxide could flood Shanghai! A recent Chinese Government report warned that if action is not taken, global warming could cause serious flooding in 48 cities and counties in China including Shanghai and Guangzhou, endangering 76 million Chinese, by the year China accounts for about 10% of the world s carbon dioxide release. This gas comes from the combustion of coal, from which china gets 76% of all her energy. (i) Explain how excessive release of carbon dioxide could result in flooding. (ii) Suggest the ways to avoid further increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. (iii) Apart from carbon dioxide, state one other harmful product form the combustion of coal. (iv) Give one undesirable effect of the product stated in (iii) on the environment. (c) The diagrams below show the reproductive organs of flowering plant and human beings: (i) Give TWO reasons to support the flower in diagram I is insect pollinated (ii) State TWO functions of structure 7. (iii) Describe one contraceptive method applied to each of parts 6 and 8. (iv) Structures 2 and 7 are comparative parts. State TWO differences between these two structures.. End of Paper 2004-Postmock-CE-Bio 1 Page 8 of 8

London Examinations IGCSE

Centre No. Paper Reference Surname Initial(s) Candidate No. 4 3 2 5 2 H Signature Paper Reference(s) 4325/2H London Examinations IGCSE Biology Paper 2H Higher Tier Thursday 15 May 2008 Afternoon Time: