BOTULISM. Shunji KOZAKI ), Tomoko KOHDA )

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1 h h h h BOTULISM Shunji KOZAKI ), Tomoko KOHDA ) and Kaoru UMEDA ) ) Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1h58 Rinku-Orai-Kita, Izumisano, 598h8531, Japan ) Department of Microbiology, Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Enviromental Sciences, 8h34 Tojo-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka, 543h0026, Japan Clostridium botulinum A G S rrna C. buytyricum C. baratii E F A B E F C D B E A B progenitor toxin NTHA non-toxic non-hemaglutinin A LL L MB C D L ME F G M L NTHA HA kda Intact form A B nicking h h hh FAX hh kozaki@vet.osakafu-u.ac.jp Correspondence to : Shunji KOZAKI (Osaka Prefecture University) 1h58 Rinku-Orai-Kita, Izumisano, 598h8531 TEL 072h463h5513 FAX 072h463h kozaki@vet.osakafu-u.ac.jp 275

2 kda L : Light chain kda H : Heavy chain Nicked form N HN C HC HC A B SV SNAP soluble NSF attachment protein SNARE VAMP SNAPh A B C E E C. butyricum HP mhlw.go.jp/bunya/kenkou/kekkaku-kansenshou/ No A NT A A B E NT B NT E NT E NT A NT E NT E NT E NT E NT E NT E NT A NT A NT NT E NT E NT E NT A NT E NT E NT B B A A A A B A A B E NT A A B A A A A B A A B.html

3 No A A A A NT A A A A NT NT A A A A A NT A NT A NT C NT A NT B B A NT A A B E NT A NT B B B B A A B A A B A A B A A B A A B B B B B A A A A B A A B C. butyricumnt A B E F E E E E A B A ph.. HP jp/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/shokuhin/ syokuchu/-.html 277

4 C. botulinum A1, A5, B, D ha70 ha17 ha33 bont/a1, A5, B or D C. botulinum A2, A3, A4, F orf X3 orf X2 orf X1 p47 bont/a2, A3, A4, F or H C. botulinum AbA BH A ha70 ha17 ha33 bont/b silent orf X3 orf X2 orf X1 p47 bont/a1 C. botulinum C ha70 ha17 ha33 bont/c C. botulinum E C. butyricum orf X3 orf X2 orf X1 p47 bont/e C. botulinum type G ha33 ha70 ha17 bont/g A A B C E C. butyricum C 278 National botulism surveillance CDC nationalsurveillance/botulism_surveillance.html F C. baratii

5 ,.. AA BBC C/D D D/C EEFFG A B A A AA A B B BB h A A A A AA B B BB B A AAA B A B Ab Ba AB A BB G H B H Bh A G A G F C A H D, C C D C D C C C Jansen C CCD C C D D C C D C D C D C C D C/D D/C C D C D C/D C D 279

6 Type C 5' L gene H N gene H C gene 3' C5F C26R C12F C23R 800 bp 816 bp C/D mosaic 5' 3' C5F C26R C12F C15R 800 bp 713 bp Type D 5' 3' D9F C26R C12F C15R 884 bp 713 bp D/C mosaic 5' 3' D9F C26R C12F C23R 884 bp 816 bp Primer Sequence Location of primers within specified genes. Location within gene CBh19 C 003h9 C/D 1873 D OFD05 D/C C5F 5'hATAAAGCAATAGATGGTAGATh3' 1313h h1333 D9F 5'hTTAATATAGAAAATTCGGGTCAh3' 1217h h1238 C12F 5'hGTTGGTGAAGTAGATAGATTAAAh3' 2476h h h h2486 C26R 5'hTGAATCTTTCCATCTCTTAAh3' 2103h h h h2100 C23R 5'hAACATTAGTATATTGCAAGCTh3' 3271h h3279 C15R 5'hTCTCTAATCCAAAGCATCTGh3' 3169h h3176 C D D C PCR C N C NT D NT PCR PCR C/D Jansen C D C C C D/C C/D PCR C D PCR PCR D/C DNA Sac Nru PFGE Sac Nru PFGE D/C PFGE 280

7 CBh bont/c 003h9 bont/cd 1873 bont/d OFD05 bont/dc M bp M bp M bp Mmolecular size marker ( bp DNA ladderbiolabs) PCR C D D C South African Pearson correlation similarity coefficient; UPGMA DC Nru PFGE Clostridium botulinum h h IASR h Oguma K, Yokota K, Hayashi S, Takeshi K, Kumagai M, Itoh N, Tachi N, Chiba S : Infant botulism due to Clostridium botulinum type C toxin, Lancet,, h ( ) Koepke R, Sobel J, Arnon SS : Global occurrence of infant botulism, h, Pediatrics,, eh ( ) Hill KK, Smith TJ, Helma CH, Ticknor LO, Foley BT, 281

8 Svensson RT, Brown JL, Johnson EA, Smith LA, Okinaka RT, Jackson PJ, Marks JD : Genetic diversity among botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridial strains, J Bacteriol,, h ( ) Kozaki S, Nakaue S, Kamata Y : Immunological characterization of the neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum type A associated with infant botulism in Japan, Microbiol Immunol,, h ( ) Kozaki S, Kamata Y, Nishiki T, Kakinuma H, Maruyama H, Takahashi H, Karasawa T, Yamakawa K, Nakamura S : Characterization of Clostridium botulinum type B neurotoxin associated with infant botulism in Japan, Intect Immun,, h ( ) Hill KK, Smith TJ : Genetic diversity within Clostridium botulinum serotypes, botulinum neurotoxin gene clusters and toxin subtypes, Current topics in Microbiology and Immunology,, h ( ) Umeda K, Seto Y, Kohda T, Mukamoto M, Kozaki S : A novel multiplex PCR method for Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A gene cluster typing, Microbiol Immunol,, h ( ) Umeda K, Seto Y, Kohda T, Mukamoto M, Kozaki S : Genetic characterization of Clostridium botulinum associated with type B infant botulism in Japan, J Clin Microbiol,, h ( ) IASR h Barash JR, Arnon SS : A novel strain of Clostridium botulinum that produces type B and type H botulinum toxins, J Infect Dis, Epub ahead of print ( ) Dover N, Barash JR, Hill KK, Xie G, Arnon SS : Molecular characterization of a novel botulinum neurotoxin type H gene, J Infect Dis, Epub ahead of print ( ) Notermans S, Dufrenne J, Oosterom J : Persistence of Clostridium botulinum type B on a cattle farm after an outbreak of botulism, Appl Environ Microbiol,, h ( ) Bohnel H, Schwagerick B, Gessler F : Visceral botulism--a new form of bovine Clostridium botulinum toxication, J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med,, h ( ) Smart JL, Roberts TA : Bovine botulism, Vet Rec,, h ( ) Jansen BC : The toxic antigenic factors produced by Clostridium botulinum types C and D. Onderstepoort, J Vet Res,, h ( ) Moriishi K, Koura M, Abe N, Fujii N, Fujinaga Y, Inoue K, Oguma K : Mosaic structure of neurotoxins produced from Clostridium botulinum types C and D organisms, Biochim, Biophys, Acta,, h ( ) Takeda M, Tsukamoto K, Kohda T, Matsui M, Mukamoto M, Kozaki S : Characterization of the neurotoxin produced by isolates associated with avian botulism, Avian Dis,, h ( ) Nakamura K, Kohda T, Umeda K, Yamamoto H, Mukamoto M, Kozaki S : Characterization of the D/C mosaic neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum associated with bovine botulism in Japan, Vet Microbiol,, h ( ) 282

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