Fundamentals of Biomechanics: course outline

Transcription

1 Fundamentals of Biomechanics: course outline Prof. Maarja Kruusmaa Tallinna Tehnikaülikool

2 Biomechanics Biomechanics uses principle of mechanics to explore biological problems. Biomechanics is the study of the structure and function of biological systems such as humans, plants, organs and cells by means of the methods of mechanics.

3 Methods of Biomechanics Physics + Engineering Kinematics, dynamics, continuum mechanics, structural analysis Numerical simulations Experimental studies Motion analysis Gait analysis Material properties analysis.

4 Subfields of Biomechanics Soft tissue biomechanics Musculoskeletal biomechanics Animal locomotion Gait and movement analysis, human kinetics (kinesiology) Cardiovascular biomechanics Ergonomy Orthotics and prosthetics Sports biomechanics Injury biomechanics and rehabilitation Allometry Plant biomechanics..

5 Learning outcomes You will understand how the laws of physics can explain body structure and function of humans and animals. Learn to apply principles of physics when solving tasks associated with animal and human locomotion. Learn to plan, conduct and analyze results of simple biomechanics experiments Learn to use engineering tools (hardware and software) for solving problems of biomechanics Learn how to independently search more information about topics in biomechanics

6 Themes Soft tissue biomechanics: elasticity and viscoelasticity mechanical properties of various biological tissues models of viscoelastic materials

7 Themes Muscle biomechanics: muscle anatomy muscle s working principles, muscle s force and power, muscle work, Hills model, heart skeletal and smooth muscles

8 Themes Muscle architectures: functional arrangement of muscles muscles work loops twitch and tonic fibers bones, ligaments and tendons skeletons, bones and muscles as mechanical systems

9 Themes Terrestrial locomotion: force and impulse of legged locomotion, gaits, Foude and Strouhal number, mechanical work of legged locomotion, modeling walking and running, mechanics of jumping

10 Themes Locomotion in water basic principles of fluid dynamics, forces acting on a swimming body, biological propulsion mechanisms, undulatory swimming, swimming in unsteady flows

11 Themes Locomotion is air: basic principles of aerodynamics, lift and circulation, lift-producing hydrofoils, wing loading, drag, gliding, soaring and flapping flight, flight musculature.

12 Theme Energetics of locomotion net cost of transport, aerobic and anaerobic locomotion, energetics of gaits, comparison of energetic of legged locomotion, swimming and flying

13 Theme Mechanics of circulatory systems physical principles of flows in pipes physics of capillary flows mechanical properties of blood, pulsation

14 Course format 1 lecture weekly + featrued presentations 1 seminar/exercise class weekly Practical exercises/ laboratory projects Independent work

15 Practical excercises/laboratory projects Short exercises on walking, running and jumping with setting up the test, measuring variables and analysing data Laboratory work on - soft robotics to understand the impact of mechanical properties on locomotion on land and in water

16 Independent work On a freely chosen topic in biomechanics: - search research literature - write a report - presentation in the classroom (10 min)

17 Grading 20% on theory (based on QUIZis online and active presence in lectures) 30% on theoretical and practical exercises 25% independent work 25% laboratory exercises

18 A few general comments This course is under permanent development, you and I shape it. A successful course is a cooperation between a teacher who likes to teach and a student who wants to study ACTIVE participation in the classroom Participation is not mandatory but highly recommended Report takes about a week (40 hours) to prepare, start in a good time!

19 Literature Y.C. Fung, Biomechanics: Mechanical properties of living tissues Y.C. Fung, Biomechanics: Motion, Flow, Stress and Growth

20 Literature

21 Literature