Psychology. Introductory Class Activity
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1 Psychology Introductory Class Activity
2 Psychology - Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and it s functions. - Looking at our inner feelings and behaviours. - In psychology it can consist of many things such as one s emotions, what they are thinking. It is also used to help those who have issues controlling the balance of emotions in the brain. - Our feelings do not always match our behaviours. If you make fun out me I may feel sad inside yet act tough on the outside.
3 History of Psychology - Wilhelm Wundt founded the first exclusive psychology laboratory in 1879, and he did labs that did experiments relating to psychology. This is when it started as a science, but the concept has been around a lot longer. - Early techniques included, using chemistry and physics..
4 Waves of Psychology Waves are different ways of thinking over time. We have gone through about five waves.
5 Wave One: Introspection - William wundt the creator of introspection theory consist a person's emotions, free will, personal identity, and belief - Introspection is when someone considers their own thought, feelings and motives. - Introspections involves the observation of one s consciousness and awareness. - Involves what a person is thinking about themselves and experiencing in that moment.
6 Wave Two: Gestalt Psychology - It was the next way of thinking and was led by Max Wertheimer. - He believed not in how we feel, but in how we experience the world and how it affects our lives. - Whole of the experience can be more than the sum of its parts. There are two different ways to see this picture. What are they?
7 Wave Three: Psychoanalysis - Sigmund Freud started this wave of thinking (early 1900s) - Psychoanalysis is a system of psychological theory and therapy that aims to treat mental disorders by investigating the interaction of conscious and unconscious elements in the mind. - Use techniques such as dream interpretation and free association. - Believed that people could be cured by changing their conscious into unconscious thoughts and motivations, thus gaining insight. - We protect ourselves from our real feelings by using defense
8 Wave Four: Behaviourism - Early to mid 1900s - People started to ignore how you feel inside - The theory that human and animal behaviour can be explained in terms without appeal to thoughts/feelings - Psychological disorders are best treated by altering behavioral patterns - Personality, emotion,and learning are to be explained through observational behaviour - Behaviours are learned through positive and negative
9 Wave Five: Eclectic - We are currently in this wave which is about variety - Derives ideas, style or taste from a broad and diverse range of sources - Belonging to a class of ancient philosophers who did not belong to or found any recognized school of thought but selected such doctrines as they wish from various schools
10 Wave Five: EClectic. the Seven schools of psychology - Wave five is made up of about seven different perspectives - In other words, psychologists today pick and choose from about seven schools of thought to help you with your problems
11 Biopsychology (Neuroscience) Perspective - One of the seven schools of psychology that is part of the fifth (and current) wave of psychology - Belief in the concept that all of your feelings and behaviours have an organic root - Branch of psychology that analyzes the brain and neurotransmitters influence our behaviours, thoughts and feelings
12 Evolutionary perspective - Focus on Darwinism - We behave the way we do because we inherited those behaviours - Those behaviours must have helped ensure our ancestors surivival
13 Psychoanalytic perspective - One of the seven schools of psychology that is part of the fifth (and current) wave of psychology - Focuses on the unconscious mind - We repress many of our true feelings and are not aware of them - In order to get better, we must bring forward the true feelings we have in our unsconsicous
14 Behavioural perspective - Focus on observable behaviours while putting feelings to the side - A person s environment determines someone s behaviour (we are conditioned to behave certain ways) - To change behaviours, we have to recondition the client - This method can be used on animals as well
15 Humanist perspective - The humanistic perspective is an approach to psychology that shows empathy and stresses in human behavior. - Focuses on spirituality and free will - We have to strive to be the best we can be selfactualization - Happiness is defined by the distance between our selfconcept and ideal-self)
16 Cognitive perspective - One of the seven schools of psychology that is part of the fifth (and current) wave of psychology - The cognitive perspective is concerned with understanding mental processes such as memory, perception, thinking, and problem solving, and how they may be related to behavior. - A cognitive personality theory may explain individual differences in behavior with respect to differences in the way people think and process information. - Cognitive therapists attempt to change the way you think
17 Social-Cultural perspective - One of the seven schools of psychology that is part of the fifth (and current) wave of psychology - Used to describe awareness of situations surrounding certain people and the way they act affected specifically by their surrounding social, and cultural factors - Much of your behaviour and feelings are dictated by the culture you live in
18 Psychology s big three debates Nature vs. Nurture Stability vs. Change Continuity vs. Discontinuity
19 Psychology s Three Big Debates: NAture vs. Nurture - Nature is seen as we are born one way and that is the primary reason for how and why we do things. You are born a criminal, you are destined for that path. - Nurture is seen as how we grow up shaping us and is the reason for why we do things. Bad experiences and attitudes resulted in criminal behaviour. - Both play a part, but how much each plays a part is the debate.
20 Psychology s Three Big Debates: Stability vs. Change - Debate over if our personalities are constant or change throughout our lives
21 - Changes can cover a wide variety of someone s social or behavioral makeup, including emotions, traditions, beliefs, habits, personality, etc. Psychology s Three Big Debates: Continuity vs. Discontinuity - Continuity and discontinuity are two competing theories in developmental psychology that attempt to explain how people change through the course of their lives. - Continuity contends that people change gradually over the course of their lives. - Discontinuity contends that people change abruptly at key points in their lives.
22 What are you interested in learning/exploring?
23 Topics in Psychology - Mental illness - Dreams - Psychopathy - Psychologists (Freud, Jung, Maslow, Dr. Phil) - Behaviour problems - The teenage brain - The brain - Addictions (illegal or steroids) - Anxiety - Eating Disorders - Billying - Anger issues - Bipolar - Depression - Autism - Stress - STSD - Shyness - Sleep - Schizophrenia - Phobias (spiders, enclosed spaces, etc.) - Hypnosis
24 Example Topics + Student Initial Research
25 Schizophrenia -A long term mental disorder or severe brain disorder in which people interpret reality abnormally. It may result in combinations of hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behaviour. -The word schizophrenia means split mind, which refers to a disruption of the usual balance of emotions and thinking. Schizophrenia isn t a split personality or multiple personalities. -Requires lifelong treatment.
26 depression depression is not simply a change of mood or a sign of weakness it is a medical condition which involes emotional, physical, behavioral, and cognitive symptoms
27 Bipolar - Bipolar disorder also known as manic depression. - Bipolar is where the brain switches on different moods to mess with the person s mental state. - Ex. you can just be normal and then suddenly hit with a mood swing which you can be happy, energetic and then suddenly you are sad and severely depressed. - You are required to take medication to prevent these mood swings or it can act up. - This can affect anyone, these factors can happen from a lot of things such as family history, biology or environment.
28 Mental Illness - Mental illnesses can take many forms, just as physical illnesses do. - All mental illnesses can be treated.
29 Dreams - A series of thoughts, images and sensations occurring in a person s mind during sleep. - During sleep in a person s mind will experience a series of thoughts,images and sensations occurring.
30 Illegal Addictions -also know as a substance use disorder -The dependance on an illegal drug or medication -alcohol and nicotine are considered drugs also but are legal.
31 Anxiety Definition: A state of intense apprehensive or worry often accompanied by physical symptoms such as shaking, intense feelings in the gut, etc. A common mental illness or after a very distressing experience.
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