SPINE ROAD HIGH SCHOOL

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SPINE ROAD HIGH SCHOOL LIFE SCIENCES DEPARTMENT LIFE SCIENCES CONTROL TEST 2-2017 EXAMINER: T. GABRIELS MODERATOR: Z.

Answer ALL the questions 2. Write ALL answers on the answer sheet provided 3. Start the answers to EACH questions at the top of a new page 4.

Present your answer according to the instructions of each question 6. Make ALL drawings in pencil and labels in blue or black ink 7.

1 SPINE ROAD HIGH SCHOOL LIFE SCIENCES DEPARTMENT LIFE SCIENCES CONTROL TEST EXAMINER: T. GABRIELS MODERATOR: Z. SHADE GRADE 11 TIME: 1 HOUR MARKS: 60 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION Read the following instructions before answering the questions 1. Answer ALL the questions 2. Write ALL answers on the answer sheet provided 3. Start the answers to EACH questions at the top of a new page 4. Number the answers correctly according to the number system used in this question paper. 5. Present your answer according to the instructions of each question 6. Make ALL drawings in pencil and labels in blue or black ink 7. Draw diagrams, tables or flow charts only when asked to do so 8. The diagrams in this question are NOT necessarily drawn to scale 9. DO NOT use graph paper 10. You must use non programmable calculator, protractor and compass where necessary 11. Write neatly and legibly. 1 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A to D) next to the question number (1.1.1 to 1.

2 SECTION A QUESTION Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A to D) next to the question number (1.1.1 to 1.1.2) in your ANSWER BOOK, for example D The male gametophyte in pine trees is the. A. pollen grain B. male cone C. anther D. female cone USE THE DIAGRAM BELOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION BELOW. Name the parts labelled A to E respectively. A. corolla, stigma, anther, calyx, receptacle B. anther, corolla, stigma, receptacle, calyx C. receptacle, calyx, corolla, stigma, anther D. stigma, anther, corolla, calyx, receptacle [2X2] [4] 2 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

3 1.2 Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question number (1.2.1 to 1.2.2) in your ANSWER BOOK The structure into which the fertilised ovule develops The dominant generation in the life cycle of the pine. 1.3 Indicate whether each of the descriptions in COLUMN I applies to A ONLY, B ONLY, BOTH A AND B or NONE of the items in [2X1] [2] COLUMN II. Write A ONLY, B ONLY, BOTH A AND B or NONE next to the question number (1.3.1 to 1.3.3) in your ANSWER BOOK. COLUMN I COLUMN II The type of reproduction which only involve one parent and no gametes A: sexual reproduction B: asexual reproduction The process during which a male and female gametes fuse A: fertilisation B: variation Flowers that have the corolla and calyx separate A: perianth B: perigone [3X2] [6] TOTAL SECTION A: 12 3 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

4 SECTION B QUESTION Study the diagram, which shows alternation of generation and answer the questions that follow Complete the missing terms on the diagram. (4) Name the structure represented by number 1 in: (a) mosses (1) (b) ferns (1) [6] 4 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

2.2 Read the text below and answer the questions that follow. Adaptation of Pine tree to a terrestrial mode of life Pine trees belong to the species Pinus.

5 2.2 Read the text below and answer the questions that follow. Adaptation of Pine tree to a terrestrial mode of life Pine trees belong to the species Pinus. The stem is protected by bark and has vascular tissue. It has needle like leaves with thick cuticles and sunken stomata. The gametes are protected by cones. Male cones are small and grouped together in clusters and contain pollen grains that are light stored in air sacs for dispersal by wind to the female cones. Female cones are single, large cones which bear seeds. Adapted from the exam fever grade Explain how the needles like leaves are adapted to reduce water loss. (3) By what process is the pollen grain transported to the female cones. (1) Provide ONE adaptation of the pollen grain for reproduction. (1) Explain the significance of the males being grouped in clusters to release pollen to the female cones with regards to reproduction. (2) [7] 5 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

2.3 Study the investigation below and answer the questions. An investigation was done to determine the role of petals in insect pollination in apple flowers.

6 2.3 Study the investigation below and answer the questions. An investigation was done to determine the role of petals in insect pollination in apple flowers. When flowers are self-pollinated, the pollen tubes grow a little into the stigma and style, and fertilisation does not take place. 10 flower with petals and 10 flowers without petals were used. After two days the flowers were prevented from further pollination. After seven day the extent of pollination and fertilisation was recorded. The diagrams below show the appearance of the flowers with and without petals. The results are shown in the table below Define the term self-pollination. (2) Give an explanation for the presence of more pollen on the stigmas of the flowers than on the flowers without petals. (2) 6 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

7 2.3.3 Explain why there more pollen tubes present in the styles of both types of flowers than the number ovules fertilised. (2) State THREE ways in which this investigation could be improved. (3) [9] 2.4. Angiosperms are regarded as the most successful plant group because it produces seeds by sexual reproduction Give TWO advantages of sexual reproduction. (2) A seedbank in Norway has been storing seeds of a rare and endangered plant. To keep the seeds fresh, 120 of the seeds of this plant were selected to be grown. Out of these 120 seeds only 90 germinated. What percentage of the seeds was not fertile? Show all your workings. (2) What is meant by the term seedbank? (2) [6] TOTAL SECTION B: 28 SECTION C QUESTION Describe process of reproduction in angiosperm and explain the importance of seeds for the plant group angiosperm. Content: Synthesis (RLC): 17 marks 3 marks NOTE: No marks will be awarded for answers in the form of tables, flow charts or diagrams. TOTAL SECTION C: 20 GRAND TOTAL: 60 7 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

8 SPINE ROAD HIGH SCHOOL LIFE SCIENCES DEPARTMENT LIFE SCIENCES CONTROL TEST EXAMINER: T. GABRIELS MODERATOR: Z. SHADE GRADE 11 MEMORANDUM TIME: 1 HOUR MARKS: INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION Read the following instructions before answering the questions Answer ALL the questions 1. Write ALL answers on the answer sheet provided 2. Start the answers to EACH questions at the top of a new page 3. Number the answers correctly according to the number system used in this question paper. 4. Present your answer according to the instructions of each question 5. Make ALL drawings in pencil and labels in blue or black ink 6. Draw diagrams, tables or flow charts only when asked to do so 7. The diagrams in this question are NOT necessarily drawn to scale 8. DO NOT use graph paper 9. You must use non programmable calculator, protractor and compass where necessary 10. Write neatly and legibly. 8 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

9 SECTION A QUESTION B D [4] Fruit Sporophyte generation [2] B only A only A only [6] /12/ SECTION B QUESTION Gametophyte generation 2 Gametes / sex cells 3 Zygote 4 - Sporophyte generation (4) (a) Protanema (1) (b) Prothallus (1) [6] Thick cuticle and sunken stomata to cut down water loss, needle like leaves has a smaller surface area therefore water loss is reduced. (Mark first TWO) (2) Wind pollination / pollination (1) Pollen grain must be light so that it can be easily carried by the wind. (1) Male cones releases pollen grain because the males are grouped there greater chance that pollen would land on the female cone which increases the chance for reproduction to occur (2) [6] 9 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

10 2.3.1 Pollination is the transfer of ripe pollen from the anther to a receptive stigma (2) The Flowers with petals attract more insects for pollination than flowers without petals. OR Flowers without petals will not attract pollinators for pollination OR The presence of petals prevents wind from blowing most of the pollen away. OR The absence of petals will allow the wind to blow most of the pollen away. (ANY TWO) (2) Some of the pollen tubes that developed were from the same flower / self-pollination occurred and not all the pollen tube reach the ovary fertilisation does not occur. OR The content of some pollen tubes may be non functional OR More pollen tubes increase the chances of fertilisation. (ANY TWO)(2) Repeat the investigation and use the average Increase the sample size Use the same size flowers Use the same colour flowers Use the flowers of the same apple tree Ensure that all flowers are free of pollen before conducting the investigation The number of flower/ without flowers must be the same Keep all environmental factors constant (Mark first 3) (3) [9] 10 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

11 2.4.1 Advantages: - The offspring show greater variation - They are more adaptable to changes in the environment - Genetic reshuffeling of the parent deacreases (ANY 2) (2) ( = 30) (30/120 x 100 = 25%) (2) Seedbank it is a facility in which seeds of various food crops and wild plants are stored in an effort to maintain biodiversity (2) [6] SECTION B = 28 SECTION C QUESTION 3 11 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

12 Reproduction in angiosperm - During pollination, ripe pollen grains lands on a receptive stigma. - After pollination the pollen grain germinates and develops a pollen tube. - The pollen tube contains TWO gametes (male gametophyte) - The pollen tube grows down the style into the ovary and penetrates the ovule with an ovum and two polar nuclei inside. - During fertilisation one of the male gametes fuses with the ovum to form a diploid zygote. - The zygote represents the beginning of the new SPOROPHYTE GENERATION. - The second male gamete fuse with the polar nuclei to form an endosperm which serves as nutrients for the developing zygote. - Because both male gametes were involved in the process of fertilisation we say DOUBLE FERTILISATION occurred. - The zygote develops into an embryo. - The fertilised ovule develops seed (embryo and endosperm) - Seeds are dispersed by wind, water, insects or animals. - When water is present the seed coat will rupture and the seed germinates. [ANY 14] Importance of seeds - Seeds store food reserves - Seeds can survive harsh weather conditions by remaining dormant - Plants with edible seeds serves as food for humans and animals - Seeds are adapted to be dispersed by wind, insects or animals so that new seedling germinate far away from the parents plant and reduces competition [ANY 4] Content: (17) Synthesis (3) Criterion Relevance (R) Logical sequence (L) Comprehensive (c) Generally All information Ideas are arranged in a Comprehend the topic. provided is relevant to the topic logical sequenc Mark TOTAL SECTION C: 20 GRAND TOTAL: PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

13 13 PAGE LIFE SCIENCES GRADE 11 _ CONTROL TEST 2

Alternation of generations

Plant Life Cycles Allplants alternate between two phases in their life cycles Alternation of generations Sporophyte (diploid) Begins when sperm fertilizes egg (zygote) Diploid zygote divides by mitosis