Basic Mechanism for Generation of Brain Rhythms
|
|
|
- Sharleen Harrison
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 203 Continuing Medical Education Basic Mechanism for Generation of Brain Rhythms Wei-Hung Chen Abstract- Study of the basic mechanism of brain rhythms adds to our understanding of the underlying processes of neuronal network within the human brain. Electroencephalography (EEG) records summated extracellular field potentials from large pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex. The characteristic rhythmic oscillation of brain rhythms are best studied by sleep spindles, which are generated within the thalamus through a network of thalamic reticular cells, thalamocortical projection cells and cortical pyramidal cells. Fast rhythms including beta and are present during arousal and focused attention. Besides a reflection of activation from the brainstem reticular activating system, fast rhythms also represent an activated state of the underlying neuronal network. waves are readily recognized brain waves during relaxed wakefulness; however, the origins of rhythm are not well understood. It is presumed that rhythms are generated by contingent pyramidal cell, and by intracortical connections, spread in the cortical layers. Rhythmic spindles probably represent a de-activated state. Key Words: Electroencephalogram, Post-synaptic potentials, Cortical pyramidal cells, Thalamus, Reticular activating system, Sleep spindles From the Department of Neurology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. Received October 22, Revised and Accepted November 30, Reprint requests and correspondence to: Wei-Hung Chen, MD. Department of Neurology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, No. 95, Wen-Chang Rd., Shin-Lin, Taipei, Taiwan.
2 204 Beta beta Acta Neurol Taiwan 2004;13: (Jena) Hans elektroenkephalogramm Electroencephalogram (EEG) Hans Richard Caton Adolf Beck beta
3 205. Hans , Cerebral cortex
4 mv 60 postsynaptic potential, PSP excitatory postsynaptic potential depolarization action potentials inhibitory postsynaptic potential hyperpolarization. 1. Dipole Field potentials Pyramidal neuron dipole
5 207. macro-column 3 mm mm 116 uv Nunez. dipole A B C macro-column 3 mm mm 116 uv macro-column uv macro-column 1 cm 2 A B C 2. Macro-column
6 Hz GABA gabanergic acid, mv mv relay center thalamic reticular cell, RE mo-cortical projection cell, TC thala- Hz 14 Hz 7 pacemaker (1) (2) (3) (Beta Gamma ) beta Hz Myenert Hz periodic tonic Beta
7 209 Cortex Cortex Thalamus Thalamus Brainstem RAS Brainstem RAS. PPT pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus LDT laterodorsal tegmental nucleus RE thalamic reticular cells TC thalmocortical projection cell RAS: reticular activating system;. Beta reticular activating system Beta modulation beta synchronization
8 210 beta mu mu Hz primary sensorimotor area mu desynchroniza- tion 1. Speckmann E, Christian E. Introduction to the neruophysiological basis of the EEG and DC potentials. In: Niedermeyer E. Lopes Da Silva FH, eds. Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1999: Nunez PL. Localization of brain activity with electroencephalography. Adv Neurol 1990;53: Steriade M. Cellular substrates of brain rhythms. In: Niedermeyer E. Lopes Da Silva FH, eds. Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1999: Lopes da Silva FH, Pfurtscheller G. Basic concepts on EEG synchronization and desynchronization. In: Pfurtscheller G, Lopes da Silva FH, eds. Handbook of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, vol. 6. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1999: ;40:
Spectral Analysis of EEG Patterns in Normal Adults
Spectral Analysis of EEG Patterns in Normal Adults Kyoung Gyu Choi, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Neurology, Ewha Medical Research Center, Ewha Womans University Medical College, Background: Recently, the
EEG Sleep Circadian rhythms Learning Objectives: 121, 122
EEG Sleep Circadian rhythms Learning Objectives: 121, 122 Zoltán Lelkes Electroencenphalography Hans Berger pen time amplifier electrodes 1 The waves of the EEG gamma > 30 Hz beta: 13-30 Hz Mental activity:
Normal brain rhythms and the transition to epileptic activity
School on Modelling, Automation and Control of Physiological variables at the Faculty of Science, University of Porto 2-3 May, 2007 Topics on Biomedical Systems Modelling: transition to epileptic activity
Effects of Inhibitory Synaptic Current Parameters on Thalamocortical Oscillations
Effects of Inhibitory Synaptic Current Parameters on Thalamocortical Oscillations 1 2 3 4 5 Scott Cole Richard Gao Neurosciences Graduate Program Department of Cognitive Science University of California,
Introduction to EEG del Campo. Introduction to EEG. J.C. Martin del Campo, MD, FRCP University Health Network Toronto, Canada
Introduction to EEG J.C. Martin, MD, FRCP University Health Network Toronto, Canada What is EEG? A graphic representation of the difference in voltage between two different cerebral locations plotted over
SLEEP AND AROUSAL: Thalamocortical Mechanisms
Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 1997. 20:185 215 Copyright c 1997 by Annual Reviews Inc. All rights reserved SLEEP AND AROUSAL: Thalamocortical Mechanisms David A. McCormick and Thierry Bal 1 Section of Neurobiology,
Introduction to the EEG technique
Introduction to the EEG technique Part 1: neural origins of the EEG Niko Busch Charité University Medicine Berlin The History of the EEG 18th cent. Physiologists discover elctrical properties of living
Embryological origin of thalamus
diencephalon Embryological origin of thalamus The diencephalon gives rise to the: Thalamus Epithalamus (pineal gland, habenula, paraventricular n.) Hypothalamus Subthalamus (Subthalamic nuclei) The Thalamus:
Sleep-Wake Cycle I Brain Rhythms. Reading: BCP Chapter 19
Sleep-Wake Cycle I Brain Rhythms Reading: BCP Chapter 19 Brain Rhythms and Sleep Earth has a rhythmic environment. For example, day and night cycle back and forth, tides ebb and flow and temperature varies
Neuroscience of Consciousness I
1 C83MAB: Mind and Brain Neuroscience of Consciousness I Tobias Bast, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham 2 What is consciousness? 3 Consciousness State of consciousness - Being awake/alert/attentive/responsive
Functional reorganization in thalamocortical networks: Transition between spindling and delta sleep rhythms
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 93, pp. 15417 15422, December 1996 Neurobiology Functional reorganization in thalamocortical networks: Transition between spindling and delta sleep rhythms D. TERMAN*, A.BOSE*,
Sleep. No longer think of sleep as an isolated block of time at the end of the day. Sleep is not just the absence of wakefulness,
Sleep Neil B. Kavey, MD Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center No longer think of sleep as an isolated block of time at the end of the day. Sleep is not just the absence of wakefulness, It is an active physiologic
Sleep. No longer think of sleep as an isolated block of time at the end of the day. Sleep is not just the absence of wakefulness,
Sleep Neil B. Kavey, MD Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center No longer think of sleep as an isolated block of time at the end of the day. Sleep is not just the absence of wakefulness, It is an active physiologic
Basic Science of Representative Normal Human EEG Potentials
Basic Science of Representative Normal Human EEG Potentials Seyed M Mirsattari, MD, PhD, FRCPC Departments of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Medical Biophysics, Diagnostic Imaging, Psychology University
Physiological and Physical Basis of Functional Brain Imaging 6. EEG/MEG. Kâmil Uludağ, 20. November 2007
Physiological and Physical Basis of Functional Brain Imaging 6. EEG/MEG Kâmil Uludağ, 20. November 2007 Course schedule 1. Overview 2. fmri (Spin dynamics, Image formation) 3. fmri (physiology) 4. fmri
Action potential. Definition: an all-or-none change in voltage that propagates itself down the axon
Action potential Definition: an all-or-none change in voltage that propagates itself down the axon Action potential Definition: an all-or-none change in voltage that propagates itself down the axon Naturally
EEG and some applications (seizures and sleep)
EEG and some applications (seizures and sleep) EEG: stands for electroencephalography and is a graphed representation of the electrical activity of the brain. EEG is the recording of electrical activity
A Biophysical Model of Cortical Up and Down States: Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance and H-Current
A Biophysical Model of Cortical Up and Down States: Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance and H-Current Zaneta Navratilova and Jean-Marc Fellous ARL Division of Neural Systems, Memory and Aging University of Arizona,
Physiology Unit 2 CONSCIOUSNESS, THE BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
Physiology Unit 2 CONSCIOUSNESS, THE BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR What the Brain Does The nervous system determines states of consciousness and produces complex behaviors Any given neuron may have as many as 200,000
Changes in the electroencephalogram during anaesthesia and their physiological basis
British Journal of Anaesthesia 215, i27 i31 doi: 1.193/bja/aev212 Review Article REVIEW ARTICLE Changes in the electroencephalogram during anaesthesia and their physiological basis S. Hagihira* Department
CALLOSAL RESPONSES OF FAST-RHYTHMIC-BURSTING NEURONS DURING SLOW OSCILLATION IN CATS
Neuroscience 147 (2007) 272 276 RAPID REPORT CALLOSAL RESPONSES OF FAST-RHYTHMIC-BURSTING NEURONS DURING SLOW OSCILLATION IN CATS Y. CISSÉ, 1,2 D. A. NITA, 2 M. STERIADE AND I. TIMOFEEV* Department of
Model of Thalamocortical Slow-Wave Sleep Oscillations and Transitions to Activated States
The Journal of Neuroscience, October 1, 2002, 22(19):8691 8704 Model of Thalamocortical Slow-Wave Sleep Oscillations and Transitions to Activated States Maxim Bazhenov, 1 Igor Timofeev, 2 Mircea Steriade,
Synchronization of Fast (30-40 Hz) Spontaneous Oscillations in lntrathalamic and Thalamocortical Networks
The Journal of Neuroscience, April 15, 1996, 76(8):2788-2808 Synchronization of Fast (30-40 Hz) Spontaneous Oscillations in lntrathalamic and Thalamocortical Networks Mircea Steriade, Diego Contreras,
Mechanisms of Consciousness with Emphasis on the Cerebral Cortical Component
Consciousness: Cortical Component 13 Mechanisms of Consciousness with Emphasis on the Cerebral Cortical Component 2 G. Bryan Young INTRODUCTION Concepts of Consciousness Consciousness has been defined
Mechanisms of cortical trauma induced epileptogenesis and seizures
Research Signpost 37/661 (2), Fort P.O., Trivandrum-695 023, Kerala, India Recent Res. Devel. Physiol., 3(2005): ISBN: 81-308-0069-1 Mechanisms of cortical trauma induced epileptogenesis and seizures Igor
Scaling a slow-wave sleep cortical network model using NEOSIM*
NEUROCOMPUTING ELSEVIER Neurocomputing 44-46 (2002) 453-458 Scaling a slow-wave sleep cortical network model using NEOSIM* adivision of Informatics, Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University
EEG: Origin and Measurement
EEG: Origin and Measurement 2 Fernando Lopes da Silva 1 Introduction to the Electrophysiology of the Brain The existence of the electrical activity of the brain (i.e. the electroencephalogram or EEG) was
Brain and Cognition. Cognitive Neuroscience. If the brain were simple enough to understand, we would be too stupid to understand it
Brain and Cognition Cognitive Neuroscience If the brain were simple enough to understand, we would be too stupid to understand it 1 The Chemical Synapse 2 Chemical Neurotransmission At rest, the synapse
Physiology Unit 2 CONSCIOUSNESS, THE BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
Physiology Unit 2 CONSCIOUSNESS, THE BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR In Physiology Today What the Brain Does The nervous system determines states of consciousness and produces complex behaviors Any given neuron may
Bursting dynamics in the brain. Jaeseung Jeong, Department of Biosystems, KAIST
Bursting dynamics in the brain Jaeseung Jeong, Department of Biosystems, KAIST Tonic and phasic activity A neuron is said to exhibit a tonic activity when it fires a series of single action potentials
Modelling corticothalamic feedback and the gating of the thalamus by the cerebral cortex
J. Physiol. (Paris) 94 (2000) 391 410 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. Published by Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved PII: S0928-4257(00)01093-7/FLA Modelling corticothalamic
Practical 3 Nervous System Physiology 2 nd year English Module. Dept. of Physiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Electroencephalography l h (EEG) Practical 3 Nervous System Physiology 2 nd year English Module Dept. of Physiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy What is EEG EEG noninvasively records
COGNITIVE SCIENCE 107A. Sensory Physiology and the Thalamus. Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D.
COGNITIVE SCIENCE 107A Sensory Physiology and the Thalamus Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D. Sensory Physiology Energies (light, sound, sensation, smell, taste) Pre neural apparatus (collects, filters, amplifies)
GROUPING OF BRAIN RHYTHMS IN CORTICOTHALAMIC SYSTEMS
Neuroscience 137 (2006) 1087 1106 GROUPING OF BRAIN RHYTHMS IN CORTICOTHALAMIC SYSTEMS M. STERIADE* Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Quebec, Canada G1K 7P4 Abstract
Thalamic short-term plasticity and its impact on the neocortex. Frangois Grenier, Igor Timofeev, Mircea Steriade*
ELSEVIER Thalamus & Related Systems 1 (2002) 331-340 Thalamus & Related Systems www.elsevier.com/locate/tharel Thalamic short-term plasticity and its impact on the neocortex Frangois Grenier, Igor Timofeev,
Synchronization of Fast (30-40 Hz) Spontaneous Cortical Rhythms during Brain Activation
The Journal of Neuroscience, January 1, 1996, 76(1):392-417 Synchronization of Fast (30-40 Hz) Spontaneous Cortical Rhythms during Brain Activation M. Steriade, F. Amzica, and D. Contreras Laboratoire
NEOCORTEX. Laminar pattern 6 layers billion neurons 95 % surface of the hemisphere
THE CEREBRAL CORTEX NEOCORTEX Laminar pattern 6 layers 10 20 billion neurons 95 % surface of the hemisphere Six Layers of Cortex LGN input Parvo Magno B-Slide 4 NEOCORTEX, types of neurons Pyramidal neurons
LECTURE 2. C. Reason correlation and synaptic delay not enough to prove direct connection. D. Underlying mechanism behind oscillations possibilities
LECTURE 2 A. Identifying Swimmy neurons B. Finding E and I inputs to cells 1 and 2 C. Reason correlation and synaptic delay not enough to prove direct connection D. Underlying mechanism behind oscillations
Synaptic excitation of principal cells in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus during focal epileptic seizures in the visual cortex
Synaptic excitation of principal cells in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus during focal epileptic seizures in the visual cortex Andrzej wr6be11, Anders ~ edstr~m~ and Sivert ~indstrsm~ 'Department
Scaling a slow-wave sleep cortical network model using NEOSIM
Neurocomputing 44 46 (2002) 453 458 www.elsevier.com/locate/neucom Scaling a slow-wave sleep cortical network model using NEOSIM F. Howell a;, M. Bazhenov b, P. Rogister a, T. Sejnowski b, N. Goddard a
THE ACTIVITY RECORDED IN THE EEG
Version 4. A Monthly Publication presented by Professor Yasser Metwally April 2008 THE ACTIVITY RECORDED IN THE EEG here is now considerable evidence from studies in experimental animals to suggest that
Tonic and burst firing: dual modes of thalamocortical relay
1 Review Vol. No. February 1 Tonic and burst firing: dual modes of thalamocortical relay S. Murray Sherman All thalamic relay cells exhibit two distinct response modes tonic and burst that reflect the
Jerome M. Siegel. Generation of Cortical Electroencephalogram. Ponto-Geniculo-Occipital (PGO) Spikes. Neuronal Activity across the Sleep Cycle
Generation of Cortical Electroencephalogram Jerome M. Siegel The electroencephalogram (EEG) (brain waves) recorded from the cerebral cortex result from the synchronized occurrence of excitatory and inhibitory
Reciprocal inhibition controls the oscillatory state in thalamic networks
Neurocomputing 44 46 (2002) 653 659 www.elsevier.com/locate/neucom Reciprocal inhibition controls the oscillatory state in thalamic networks Vikaas S. Sohal, John R. Huguenard Department of Neurology and
The Functional Influence of Burst and Tonic Firing Mode on Synaptic Interactions in the Thalamus
The Journal of Neuroscience, November 15, 1998, 18(22):9500 9516 The Functional Influence of Burst and Tonic Firing Mode on Synaptic Interactions in the Thalamus Uhnoh Kim and David A. McCormick Section
HHS Public Access Author manuscript Nat Neurosci. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 September 19.
Selective optical drive of thalamic reticular nucleus generates thalamic bursts & cortical spindles Michael M. Halassa 1,2,4, Joshua H. Siegle 2,4, Jason T. Ritt 3, Jonathan T. Ting 2, Guoping Feng 2,
Sleep and Wakefulness in the Cuneate Nucleus: A Computational Study
Sleep and wakefulness in the cuneate nucleus: a computational study Eduardo Sánchez 1, Senén Barro 1, Jorge Mari~no 3, and Antonio Canedo 2 1 Grupo de Sistemas Intelixentes (GSI) Departamento de Electrónica
Leading role of thalamic over cortical neurons during postinhibitory rebound excitation
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 95, pp. 13929 13934, November 1998 Neurobiology Leading role of thalamic over cortical neurons during postinhibitory rebound excitation F. GRENIER, I.TIMOFEEV, AND M. STERIADE*
Objectives. brain pacemaker circuits role of inhibition
Brain Rhythms Michael O. Poulter, Ph.D. Professor, Molecular Brain Research Group Robarts Research Institute Depts of Physiology & Pharmacology, Clinical Neurological Sciences Schulich School of Medicine
Four main theories on the pathophysiology of generalized absence seizures have been
NEUROLOGICAL REVIEW Evolving Concepts on the Pathophysiology of Absence Seizures The Cortical Focus Theory Hanneke Meeren, PhD; Gilles van Luijtelaar, PhD; Fernando Lopes da Silva, MD; Anton Coenen, PhD
Electroencephalography
The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a measure of brain waves. It is a readily available test that provides evidence of how the brain functions over time. The EEG is used in the evaluation of brain disorders.
Electroencephalography & Neurofeedback
Electroencephalography & Neurofeedback A Brief Introduction to the Science of Brainwaves Glyn Blackett YORK biofeedback CENTRE Introduction This article is a brief introduction to electroencephalography
Functions and Mechanisms of Sleep
Functions and Mechanisms of Sleep The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Published Version Accessed Citable
Relevance of sleep neurobiology for cognitive neuroscience and anesthesiology
1 Relevance of sleep neurobiology for cognitive neuroscience and anesthesiology Giancarlo Vanini, MD, Helen A. Baghdoyan, PhD, and Ralph Lydic, PhD Introduction Although general anesthetics are used for
The Institutes for the Achievement of Human Potential, Wyndmoor, PA Published online: 03 Sep 2009.
Journal of Neurotherapy: Investigations in Neuromodulation, Neurofeedback and Applied Neuroscience Role of Quantitative Electroencephalography, Neurotherapy, and Neuroplasticity in Recovery from Neurological
Natural Waking and Sleep States: A View From Inside Neocortical Neurons
Natural Waking and Sleep States: A View From Inside Neocortical Neurons M. STERIADE, I. TIMOFEEV, AND F. GRENIER Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Faculté de Médicine, Université Laval, Quebec G1K 7P4,
Corticothalamic 5 9 Hz oscillations are more pro-epileptogenic than sleep spindles in rats
J Physiol 574.1 (2006) pp 209 227 209 Corticothalamic 5 9 Hz oscillations are more pro-epileptogenic than sleep spindles in rats Didier Pinault 1, Andrea Slézia 1,2 and LászlóAcsády 2 1 INSERM U666, physiopathologie
states of brain activity sleep, brain waves DR. S. GOLABI PH.D. IN MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY
states of brain activity sleep, brain waves DR. S. GOLABI PH.D. IN MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY introduction all of us are aware of the many different states of brain activity, including sleep, wakefulness, extreme
Thalamo-Cortical Relationships Ultrastructure of Thalamic Synaptic Glomerulus
Central Visual Pathways V1/2 NEUR 3001 dvanced Visual Neuroscience The Lateral Geniculate Nucleus () is more than a relay station LP SC Professor Tom Salt UCL Institute of Ophthalmology Retina t.salt@ucl.ac.uk
DYNAMICS OF NON-CONVULSIVE EPILEPTIC PHENOMENA MODELED BY A BISTABLE NEURONAL NETWORK
Neuroscience 126 (24) 467 484 DYNAMICS OF NON-CONVULSIVE EPILEPTIC PHENOMENA MODELED BY A BISTABLE NEURONAL NETWORK P. SUFFCZYNSKI, a,b * S. KALITZIN a AND F. H. LOPES DA SILVA a,c a Stichting Epilepsie
Epileptic seizures are the result of abnormal, paroxysmal brain
INVITED REVIEW Basic Mechanisms of Sleep and Epilepsy Saurabh R. Sinha Abstract: The existence of a relationship between epilepsy and sleep has been realized since ancient times. Despite extensive clinical
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE BRAIN The central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, receives input from sensory neurons and directs
EEG Manifestations in Metabolic Encephalopathy
Continuing Medical Education 151 EEG Manifestations in Metabolic Encephalopathy Chou-Ching K. Lin Abstract- Normal brain function depends on normal neuronal metabolism, which is closely related to systemic
Multiple Choice Questions for Part I
Multiple Choice Questions for Part I 1. Neurons in the cerebral cortex are organized in: A. Three horizontal layers B. Four horizontal layers C. Six horizontal layers with layer IV receiving inputs from
Clinical Electroencephalography for Anesthesiologists
Review Article David S. Warner, M.D., Editor Clinical Electroencephalography for Anesthesiologists Part I: Background and Basic Signatures Patrick L. Purdon, Ph.D., Aaron Sampson, B.S., Kara J. Pavone,
Models and Physiology of Macroscopic Brain Ac5vity. Jose C. Principe University of Florida
Models and Physiology of Macroscopic Brain Ac5vity Jose C. Principe University of Florida Literature W. Freeman- Mass Ac5on in the Nervous System P. Nunez Electric Fields of the Brain H. Berger- On the
The Role of Mitral Cells in State Dependent Olfactory Responses. Trygve Bakken & Gunnar Poplawski
The Role of Mitral Cells in State Dependent Olfactory Responses Trygve akken & Gunnar Poplawski GGN 260 Neurodynamics Winter 2008 bstract Many behavioral studies have shown a reduced responsiveness to
Special Lecture 6 Effects of Sleep on Seizures ; A Path to sleep neurology (Somno-neurology)
Special Lecture 6 Effects of Sleep on Seizures ; A Path to sleep neurology (Somno-neurology) Jun Kohyama, MD Tokyo Bay Urayasi/Ichikawa Medical Center Taiwan Pediatric Epilepsy Congress 2010 Dec. 26, 2010,
Coalescence of Sleep Rhythms and Their Chronology in Corticothalamic Networks
Sleep Research Online 1(1): 1-10, 1998 http://www.sro.org/1998/steriade/1/ Printed in the USA. All rights reserved. 1096-214X 1998 WebSciences Coalescence of Sleep Rhythms and Their Chronology in Corticothalamic
13 Electroencephalography
13 Electroencephalography 13.1 INTRODUCTION The first recording of the electric field of the human brain was made by the German psychiatrist Hans Berger in 1924 in Jena. He gave this recording the name
Thalamic reticular nucleus induces fast and local modulation of arousal state
Thalamic reticular nucleus induces fast and local modulation of arousal state The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters
Neural Oscillations. Intermediate article. Xiao-Jing Wang, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA INTRODUCTION
272 Neural Inhibition desynchronized and high frequency, whereas the latter is characterized by slow wave rhythms and is associated with a lack of activity in the acetylcholine-containing parabrachial
The connection between sleep spindles and epilepsy in a spatially extended neural field model
The connection between sleep spindles and epilepsy in a spatially extended neural field model 1 2 3 Carolina M. S. Lidstrom Undergraduate in Bioengineering UCSD clidstro@ucsd.edu 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
from sleep to attention lecture 4 April 9, 2012 control of sleep/wake state production II
from sleep to attention lecture 4 April 9, 2012 control of sleep/wake state production II "From the moment of my birth, the angels of anxiety, worry, and death stood at my side, followed me out when I
Membrane Bistability in Thalamic Reticular Neurons During Spindle Oscillations
J Neurophysiol 93: 294 304, 2005. First published August 25, 2004; doi:10.1152/jn.00552.2004. Membrane Bistability in Thalamic Reticular Neurons During Spindle Oscillations Pablo Fuentealba, 1 Igor Timofeev,
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Lecture 7: Network models Lesson Title 1 Introduction 2 Structure and Function of the NS 3 Windows to the Brain 4 Data analysis 5 Data analysis II 6 Single neuron
Neurons. Pyramidal neurons in mouse cerebral cortex expressing green fluorescent protein. The red staining indicates GABAergic interneurons.
Neurons Pyramidal neurons in mouse cerebral cortex expressing green fluorescent protein. The red staining indicates GABAergic interneurons. MBL, Woods Hole R Cheung MSc Bioelectronics: PGEE11106 1 Neuron
Clinical Electroencephalography for Anesthesiologists
Clinical Electroencephalography for Anesthesiologists The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation As Published Publisher
Spindles (7 15 Hz) are a hallmark oscillation during early
Prolonged hyperpolarizing potentials precede spindle oscillations in the thalamic reticular nucleus Pablo Fuentealba, Igor Timofeev, and Mircea Steriade* Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Faculté de Médecine,
A Brain Computer Interface System For Auto Piloting Wheelchair
A Brain Computer Interface System For Auto Piloting Wheelchair Reshmi G, N. Kumaravel & M. Sasikala Centre for Medical Electronics, Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, College of Engineering,
SENSORIMOTOR CORTICAL INFLUENCES ON CUNEATE NUCLEUS RHYTHMIC ACTIVITY IN THE ANESTHETIZED CAT
Pergamon www.elsevier.com/locate/neuroscience Sensorimotor cortical influences on the cuneate nucleus Neuroscience Vol. 95, No. 3, pp. 657 673, 2000 657 Copyright 1999 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Science
Relative contributions of cortical and thalamic feedforward inputs to V2
Relative contributions of cortical and thalamic feedforward inputs to V2 1 2 3 4 5 Rachel M. Cassidy Neuroscience Graduate Program University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093 rcassidy@ucsd.edu
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution
Cellular Mechanisms of Thalamically Evoked Gamma Oscillations in Auditory Cortex
Cellular Mechanisms of Thalamically Evoked Gamma Oscillations in Auditory Cortex WILLIAM SUKOV AND DANIEL S. BARTH Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0345 Received
PHY3111 Mid-Semester Test Study. Lecture 2: The hierarchical organisation of vision
PHY3111 Mid-Semester Test Study Lecture 2: The hierarchical organisation of vision 1. Explain what a hierarchically organised neural system is, in terms of physiological response properties of its neurones.
Functional Connectivity and the Neurophysics of EEG. Ramesh Srinivasan Department of Cognitive Sciences University of California, Irvine
Functional Connectivity and the Neurophysics of EEG Ramesh Srinivasan Department of Cognitive Sciences University of California, Irvine Outline Introduce the use of EEG coherence to assess functional connectivity
Supplementary Motor Area exerts Proactive and Reactive Control of Arm Movements
Supplementary Material Supplementary Motor Area exerts Proactive and Reactive Control of Arm Movements Xiaomo Chen, Katherine Wilson Scangos 2 and Veit Stuphorn,2 Department of Psychological and Brain
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/29051
Normal EEG of wakeful resting adults of years of age. Alpha rhythm. Alpha rhythm. Alpha rhythm. Normal EEG of the wakeful adult at rest
Normal EEG of wakeful resting adults of 20-60 years of age Suthida Yenjun, M.D. Normal EEG of the wakeful adult at rest Alpha rhythm Beta rhythm Mu rhythm Vertex sharp transients Intermittent posterior
EEG in Medical Practice
EEG in Medical Practice Dr. Md. Mahmudur Rahman Siddiqui MBBS, FCPS, FACP, FCCP Associate Professor, Dept. of Medicine Anwer Khan Modern Medical College What is the EEG? The brain normally produces tiny
Computational Models of Thalamocortical Augmenting Responses
The Journal of Neuroscience, August 15, 1998, 18(16):6444 6465 Computational Models of Thalamocortical Augmenting Responses Maxim Bazhenov, 1 Igor Timofeev, 2 Mircea Steriade, 2 and Terrence J. Sejnowski
Sample Lab Report 1 from 1. Measuring and Manipulating Passive Membrane Properties
Sample Lab Report 1 from http://www.bio365l.net 1 Abstract Measuring and Manipulating Passive Membrane Properties Biological membranes exhibit the properties of capacitance and resistance, which allow
Hallucinations in schizophrenia, sensory impairment, and brain disease: A unifying model
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES (2004) 27, 771 830 Printed in the United States of America Hallucinations in schizophrenia, sensory impairment, and brain disease: A unifying model Ralf-Peter Behrendt Department
Cellular Bioelectricity
ELEC ENG 3BB3: Cellular Bioelectricity Notes for Lecture 24 Thursday, March 6, 2014 8. NEURAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY We will look at: Structure of the nervous system Sensory transducers and neurons Neural coding
An in computo investigation of the Landau-Kleffner syndrome
An in computo investigation of the Landau-Kleffner syndrome Maxime Bonjean, Christophe Phillips, Thien Thanh Dang Vu, Rodolphe Sepulchre, and Pierre Maquet Abstract We describe a computational model of
Spiking-Bursting Activity in the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus Initiates Sequences of Spindle Oscillations in Thalamic Networks
Spiking-Bursting Activity in the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus Initiates Sequences of Spindle Oscillations in Thalamic Networks M. BAZHENOV, 1 I. TIMOFEEV, 2 M. STERIADE, 2 AND T. SEJNOWSKI 1,3 1 Howard Hughes
Intracranial Studies Of Human Epilepsy In A Surgical Setting
Intracranial Studies Of Human Epilepsy In A Surgical Setting Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Presentation Goals Epilepsy and seizures Basics of the electroencephalogram
CONTROL OF MOVEMENT BY THE BRAIN A. PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX:
CONTROL OF MOVEMENT BY THE BRAIN A. PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX: - responsible for - like somatosensory cortex, primary motor cortex show (motor homunculus) - amount of cortex devoted to different parts of body
Neurobiology of Hearing 2015: Auditory thalamus
Neurobiology of Hearing 2015: Auditory thalamus MGD MGV MGM Edward L. Bartlett, Purdue University, Central Auditory Processing Lab Outline Review of receptive fields Introduction to the thalamus Core versus
SUBCORTICAL MODULATORY SYSTEMS (Honors Class, March 11, 2004)
SUBCORTICAL MODULATORY SYSTEMS (Honors Class, March 11, 2004) Over the past 50 years, the basic mechanisms of sleep-wake states have been studied with an interdisciplinary approach embracing neurophysiology,