Alcohol Education MIP. The purpose of the program is to give you insight into drinking patterns and negative consequences of irresponsible behavior.

Transcription

1 Alcohol Education MIP The purpose of the program is to give you insight into drinking patterns and negative consequences of irresponsible behavior. 1

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3 OBJECTIVE To have people carry out responsible drinking/drugged driving decisions which will prevent future DWI/DUI behavior. 3

4 Topics of Discussion 1. Social Values 2. Advertising and the Alcohol Industry 3. Alcohol and Young People 4. Alcohol and Accidents 5. Laws Relating to Young People and Alcohol 6. Youth Drinking Patterns and Problems 7. Decision Making 4

5 Social Values Your nuclear family is a culture. Different cultures have different social values. Social Value 1: Abstinence The family does not drink at all. The problems associated with drinking are not worth it. Social Value 2: Moderation. The family will drink but it is though of as being improper and not acceptable to get drunk. Social Value 3: Permissive: Drink as much as you want and get as drunk as you want. 5

6 SEPTEMBER 19, JACQUI 6

7 IF YOU DRINK, IT DOES NOT BOTHER ME. WRONG! The American Journal on Addictions 10(suppl.):1-2, 2001 Approximately 14 million adults either abuse alcohol or are alcoholics. In addition, several million more adults have unsafe drinking habits that could lead to problems with alcohol. These numbers translate into enormous monetary costs: alcohol misuse costs society approximately $185 billion annually in terms of lost productivity, medical and legal costs and property damage. Dissemination of research on alcoholism is thus critical for improving the health of the nation. 7

8 Advertising and the Alcohol Industry Ads appealing to youth. Belonging Appeal Athletics Leisure activities focus on alcohol 8 C-6 54

9 ` Denial Hiding/protecting source Gulping/sneaking drinks Money problems Work problems Physical problems Delirium tremens (DT s) FAMILY PROBLEMS 9 C-4 52

10 TRAFFIC DEATHS & ALCOHOL Number of traffic deaths last year US? Texas? Have traffic related deaths increased or decreased in the last five years? What percent of traffic deaths involve alcohol? Has the percentage of alcohol traffic related deaths increased or decreased over the last 5 years? A

11 TRAFFIC DEATHS 2005 U.S. 42,850 Texas 3,725 TRENDS IN TRAFFIC DEATHS YEAR US TX ,967 3, ,850 3,725 Up 2% Up 6% 11 A-3 5

12 ALCOHOL RELATED TRAFFIC DEATHS % 5 YEAR TREND: US - Up 6% 47% Texas - Down 5% A

13 DEFINITION OF INTOXICATION IN TEXAS Alcohol concentration of.08 or more. Not having normal use of mental or physical faculties because of alcohol or other drugs. 13 A-6 9

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15 Blood Alcohol Concentration BAC Blood Alcohol Concentration is the concentration of alcohol in the blood. It is measured either as a percentage by mass, by mass per volume, or a combination. For example, a BAC of 0.20% can mean 2 grams of alcohol per 1000 grams of blood. In most countries BAC is reported as grams of alcohol per liter of blood (g/l). Because of specific gravity of blood is close to 1 g/cm3, the numerical value of BAC measured as mass per volume and that of BAC measured as mass per mass do not differ to any consequential degree other than the placement of the decimal point. For Example: 1 g/l is equivalent to 0.94 g/kg. 15

16 BAC can be roughly estimated using a mathematical approach. It is not as accurate as a breathalyzer. While thee are several ways to calculate BAC, one of the most effective ways is to simply measure the total amount of alcohol consumed divided by the total amount of water in the body effectively giving the percent alcohol per volume water in the blood. 16

17 Gender plays an important role in the amount of water a person has. Women 49%. In general, men have a higher percent of water per pound 58% than This fact alone explains why men require more alcohol than women to achieve the same BAC level. 17

18 DECISIONS & CONSEQUENCES 18

19 Metabolism and excretion Alcohol is removed from the bloodstream by a combination of metabolism, excretion, and evaporation. The relative proportion disposed of it in each way varies from person to person, but typically about 92 to 98% is metabolized by the liver, 1 to 3% is excreted in urine, and 1 to 5% evaporates through the breath. A very small proportion (less than 0.5%) is also excreted in the sweat, tears, etc. 19

20 DEPRESSANT 20

21 TEXAS COST 21

22 Pre-instruction Estimate of Safe Drinking and Driving Levels How many drinks can you consume and still drive safely? beers in hours. Make a mental estimate for yourself at this time. 22

23 I.P.D.E. 1. Identify This involves gaining information from the driving scene using all senses (eyes, ears, etc.) possible. 2. Predict After the information has been gained, the driver must predict potential conflicts and what other drivers might do. 3. Decide Using the information gained and predictions made, the driver must decide his/her course of action. 4. Execute This final step involves using vehicle controls (steering, brakes, signals, or accelerator) to carry out the decisions made. 23

24 Example: Imagine that you are approaching an intersection where there is a stop sign. You desire to make a right turn, but you notice a vehicle approaching from the left whose right turn indicator is flashing. What do you Identify? What prediction will you make? What will you decide to do? What action (execution) will you take? 24

25 On a sheet of Paper, Explain Your answers To this picture. I.P.D.E. B

26 D You are driving Car A. E A B C F 26 B-14 31

27 SUMMARY OF EFFECTS Human Effects: Brain Vision Perception Driving Related Factors: IPDE, Attention, Tracking, Risk, Reaction Time, Actual Driving Tests Risk Factors: Fatal Crash Involvement Crash Responsibility Driver Death 27 B-12 29

28 SURVIVAL RISK & BAC BAC Increased Chance of Death Compared to Sober Drivers * * Given a crash has occurred. 28 B-20 41

29 DRIVING TASK EFFECTS & BAC BAC TASK AFFECTED: Divided Attention Information Processing BAC B-13 32

30 DRIVING TASK EFFECTS & BAC BAC TASK AFFECTED: Divided Attention Information Processing Tracking and Steering Perception BAC B-13 34

31 EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON DRIVING ABILITY EXERCISE Skid, Crash Simulator, Auto Control Blocked Lane, Slalom, T-Turn % -17% -24% -2% -3% -8% Control Group - Unchanged 31 B-18 39

32 RISK OF DEATH AFTER DRINKING AGE BAC M 5 F 3 M 52 F 15 M 15,560 F Why are there gender differences for young people? Why is age a factor? B

33 SURVIVAL RISK & BAC BAC Increased Chance of Death Compared to Sober Drivers * * Given a crash has occurred. 33 B-20 41

34 Do you drink only on weekends or after work? Was the situation which led to your arrest unique or had similar situations previously occurred? What is the pattern of your drinking? What is your pattern of drinking? It may be 5 months or 15 years when a situation, negative emotion or stress that leads you to uncontrollable behavior. 34

35 What was your drinking pattern? (TIME-line). Age Last Started Drink 1. When did you start? 2. What did you drink? 3. How much did you drink? We are wanting to find out what your pattern of drinking is. Some people will have a patter of 5 months; others 15 years. When will you have your next legal conflict? If your mind-set is not changed, the pattern will continue. Make your timeline and it to your counselor or fax to

36 Slowing down detoxification Rate of detoxification of alcohol can be slowed by certain drugs which interfere with the action of heavy metals, and some pyrazole compounds. Also suspected of having this effect are Tagament, Zantax and Tylenol. Alcohol in non-carbonated beverages is absorbed more slowly than alcohol in carbonated drinks. 36

37 WHICH HAS MORE ALCOHOL? It is the strength of the drink x volume 4 oz. = wine has 5% amount of pure alcohol. pure alcohol Beer - 12 oz. Wine - 4 oz. 12 oz. Beer has 5% pure alcohol. Whiskey - 1 oz. A shot of whiskey has Cooler - 12 oz. 12 oz. wine cooler has 6% pure alcohol. 37 B-2 18

38 Lower BAC level? The legal limit for intoxication was at.10% BAC until September 1, 1999 when it was lowered to.08%. Having a lower BAC level could influence drivers to reduce alcohol consumption before driving, and this could be a reason for future reduction in alcohol-related deaths. As the average BAC at arrest in Texas is.16, this may not be a significant factor. 38

39 ? True or False????? Alcohol is a stimulant All drugs are depressants Alcohol/drugs decrease mental and physical abilities There are ways to sober up quickly Alcohol/drugs affect individuals differently????? 39 B-1 17

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42 REMOVING ALCOHOL FROM THE BODY Elimination BREATH 8% ABSORPTION SWEAT 2% LIVER 90% BAC is lowered about.015% per hour. 42 B-5 22

43 HOW MANY DRINKS =.08? BODY WEIGHT (LBS) # OF 12 OZ. BEERS IN ONE HOUR BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION When Drinking Rate Exceeds Elimination Rate, BAC Rises. 43 B-4 20

44 YOUTH AND ALCOHOL A NEW VIEW OF ALCOHOL I-TEAM: Are teens drinking in TEENAGERS AND BAR DRINKING IN HOUSTON nightclubs in Houston 44

45 A Disc Jockey waves a 2 ft. long tube. 45

46 Beer Stick The two-foot long tube is filled with beer. The beer is pushed with a plunger at one end and pours the beer into the mouth. The beer is coming so fast that it runs over the front of the clothing. 46

47 Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission Chuck Cornelius at the Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission states There are three fatalities that we are working on now and an assault in just the last 30 to 45 days. Adriana Montes, Age 19, is facing intoxication manslaughter charges. She and Jennifer had been at Drink Houston just before the wreck that killed Jennifer. Montes told investigators she had three alcoholic drinks at the well-know club on Interstate-10 West. 47

48 TABC Reports Cornelius explained that several clubs around Houston cater to the 18 and older club. He points to the Plush Lounge on Milam. Investigators said 19 year old Clayton Craig was drinking alcohol at Plush Lounge just before he plowed into a Houston Department patrol car. Drink Houston also publishes 18 and up on its website, with added enticement Ladies free till 11pm. 48

49 Alcohol is Worse than Crack or Heroin London (Reuters), Monday, Nov. 1, 2010, by Kate Kelland. Alcohol is a more dangerous drug than both crack and heroin when the combined harms to the user and to others are assessed. Presenting a new drug scale of harm that rates the damage to users themselves and to wider society, the scientists rated alcohol the most harmful overall and almost three times as harmful as cocaine or tobacco. 49

50 Citations Shern-Min Chow/11 News, Are teens drinking in nightclubs with deadly consequences?, Khou, Posted on November 4, PM CT Kelland, Kate, Drug Experts say alcohol worse than crack or heroin, London (Reuters), Mon Nov 1, 5:56 AM ET 50

51 ADMINISTRATIVE LICENSE REVOCATION (ALR) (FAILED TEST) ARRESTED for DWI, Intoxication Assault, or Intoxication Manslaughter Test is taken and failed (.08 or greater) Adult Penalty Loss of license 90 days if no alcohol/drug contacts in last ten years 1 year if one or more alcohol/drug contacts in last ten years Officer takes possession of license Temporary license for 40 days $125 reinstatement fee 51 A-7 10

52 IMPLIED CONSENT LAW (REFUSED TEST) Arrested operating motor vehicle or a watercraft of 50 hp or greater Refuse breath or blood test Adult Penalty - Loss of license 180 days if no alcohol/drug contact in last ten years Two years if one or more alcohol/drug contacts in last 10 years License taken at time of arrest and 40 day temporary license issued $125 reinstatement fee 52 A-8 11

53 DWI PENALTIES IN TEXAS FINES LICENSE LOST JAIL 1 st Up to $2, days 1 year 72 hours 180 days 2 nd Up to $4, days 2 years 30 days 1 year 3 rd + Up to $10, days 2 years 2 10 years 53 A-9 12

54 LICENSE SURCHARGE ON DWI CONVICTIONS DWI, Intoxication Assault, Intoxication Manslaughter Conviction $1,000 per year for first conviction within a 36 month period $1,500 per year for subsequent convictions within a 36 month period $2,000 on a first or subsequent conviction if BAC was.16 or greater at time of test 54 A-10 13

55 MARIJUANA S EFFECTS ON ABILITIES RELATED TO DRIVING Speed Tracking & Handling Judgment Vision Dynamic Glare Recovery Peripheral Concentration Cannabis will increase the strength of Complex Reaction Time 55 B-24 46

56 FATAL CRASH RESPONSIBILITY OF DRIVERS USING ALCOHOL & MARIJUANA Drugs Alcohol >.05 Marijuana Alcohol & Marijuana Increased Odds of Fatal Crash Responsibility * * Compared to sober risk of responsibility. 56 B-25 47

57 ALCOHOLISM More/less alcohol needed for desired effect Withdrawal symptoms or drink to avoid withdrawal Desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down Drinking larger amounts or for longer period than planned Activities reduced/given up because of drinking Much time spent to obtain, use, or recover Continued use despite problems Any three reveal alcoholism. C

58 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Has using alcohol or drugs in the last year... Contributed to difficulty/inability to meet home, school, or work responsibilities? Put self in physical danger (driving, sports activities, etc.)? Led to problems with the legal system? Led to problems with others (friends, family, fights, etc.)? Any one YES answer reveals abuse. 58 C-2 50

59 History of Drug Laws Summary of Legislation Affecting Drug Control 1791 Excise tax passed on whiskey First interference of government in collecting tax. Enforced Federal law within a state. Resulted in the Whiskey Rebellion in

60 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act Passage of the Act resulted in removal of purified cocaine from Coca-Cola. First Federal legislation to exert any Form of control on the use or distribution Of drugs. Act required manufacturers to label all products containing opium, morphine and heroin. 60

61 A Brief History of Drug Use Alcohol has been around a long, long time in a variety of fermented beverages. One of the early documented episodes of drunkenness was Noah. After the flood had passed, he planted a vineyard, drank some of the wine became drunk, and passed out naked in his tent. (Gen. 8:20-22). This caused a big uproar with his family when the youngest son pointed it out to his brothers, shaming his father. Noah awoke and cursed his youngest son, one of the early examples of a drug (alcohol) causing family problems. Other forms of intoxicants such as plants, mushrooms, seeds and roots have been know to have medicinal and mood altering effects. 61

62 OFFENSE FINE COMMUNITY SERVICE Minor In Possession (MIP) Attempted Purchase, Purchase, Possession, Consumption, Misrepresentation of Age PENALTIES LOSS OF LICENSE EDUCATION JAIL 1 st Up to $ hours 30 days REQUIRED NONE 2 nd UP TO $ HOURS 60 DAYS OPTIONAL WITH JUDGE 3 rd $250-$2,000. NONE 180 DAYS OPTIONAL WITH JUDGE NONE UP TO 180 DAYS Deferred Disposition is conviction for enhancement. No Deferred disposition on 3 rd or more. 62

63 PUBLIC INTOXICATION *IN A PUBLIC PLACE *INTOXICATED *MAY ENDANGER SELF OR OTHERS PENALTIES 21 & OVER UNDER 21 CLASS C MISDEMEANOR UP TO $500. FINE SAME AS MIP 63

64 IMPROPER USE OF A LICENSE DISPLAY/POSSESS A FICITITIOUS LICENSE LENDING LICENSE TO OTHERS USING ANOTHER PERSON S LICENSE FAIL TO SURRENDER CANCELED/REVOKED LICENSE POSSESSING MORE THAN ONE LICENSE USE FALSE NAME/ADDRESS TO OBTAIN A LICENSE PENALTIES: Fine: Up to $2,000. LOSS OF LICENSE for 90 DAYS 1 YEAR JAIL: 72 HOURS 100 DAYS 64

65 Texas Alcoholic Beverage Code Possession of Alcohol by a Minor *A minor may possess alcohol if he is in the visible presence of his adult (over the age of 21 years) parent, guardian, spouse, or other adult to whom he has been committed by a court. *A miner may possess alcohol while in the course and scope of his employment if he is an employee of a license or permittee and the employment is not prohibited by this code. CONSTRUCTIVE POSSESSION MAY ALSO EXIST WHEN: 1. You are at a table with several people who are drinking from a pitcher of beer with cups scattered about; 2. You pick up empty beer cans and cups; 3. You hold a friend s beer so that can put on their jacket; or 4. You use a beer can a spittoon. Furthermore, a minor will be considered to be in possession of alcohol simply if he/she is carrying a grocery bag for a friend in which alcohol has been packed. 65

66 Alcohol accessible in vehicle. Possession of an alcoholic beverage may also include situation in which there is constructive possession in an automobile. An example is when a minor is in an automobile where alcohol is readily accessible to any minor passenger in that vehicle. This situation extends to alcohol which is on the car seat, floor, or stored in the trunk of an automobile in which the driver is a minor and is in possession of the keys which unlock the trunk. 66

67 You begin by taking your first 67

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70 Exam 1. Can you get a ticket for DWI even though you have not had any alcohol? 2. What drink has the most pure alcohol? 3. How do you calculate the amount of pure alcohol in a drink? 4. If you drank 2 beers, how much pure alcohol would be in your system? 5. If you drank 3 beers, how much pure alcohol would be in your system? 70