Index. Emerg Med Clin N Am 25 (2007) Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Emerg Med Clin N Am 25 (2007) Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Abrus precartonius, 377, 379 Absinthe, Acarbose, 353 Aconitine, plants containing, 397, 398 structure of, management of, mechanism of, Aconitum napellus, 398 Activated charcoal, administration in home, Adrenergic receptor agonists, in b- adrenergic blocker and calcium channel antagonist toxicity, Alpha-1-adrenergic blockade, Analgesics/euphorics, Anion gap, elevated, 261 Anticholinergic syndrome, central, 409 peripheral, 410 Anticholinergics, , , 519 plants containing, 407 description of, toxicity of, management of, Antidepressants, atypical, overdose of, clinical picture of, treatment of, therapeutic dosing of, drug effect in, newer, Antidotes, to chemical terrorism attacks, Antihistamines, 519 Antimalarials, as toxic to small children, Antipsychotics, atypical, and newer antidepressants, Aripiprazole, 482 Atropine, B b-adrenergic blocker, toxicity, and calcium channel antagonist toxicity, management of, gastrointestinnal decontamination in, pharmacologic therapy in, 313 supportive care in, treatment options for, 323 Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines, , Betel nut, Biguanides, Botulinum toxin, syndnromes caused by, Botulism, clinical presentation of, management in, Bowel irrigation, whole, Bupropion, 490 1, 4-Butanediol, 512, 513 y-butyrolactone, C Caffeine-containing products, Calcium, in calcium channel antagonist toxicity, Calcium channel antagonist toxicity, and b-adrenergic blocker toxicity, management of, /07/$ - see front matter Ó 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi: /s (07) emed.theclinics.com

2 598 INDEX Calcium channel (continued ) gastrointestinal decontamination in, pharmacologic therapy in, supportive care in, treatment options for, 323 Calcium channel blockers, as toxic to small children, 289 Camphor, as toxic to small children, Cardiac glycosides, ingestion of, clinical presentation in, plants containing, 386, 387, 388 poisoning due to, management of, 390 signs and symptoms of, 389 structures of, 389 toxicity of, mechanism of, Cardiac pacing, in b-adrenergic blocker and calcium channel antagonist toxicity, 322 Cardiovascular drugs, annual mortality associated with, AAPCC TESS data on, 309, 310 Castor bean, 376 lethality of, 380 poisoning due to, signs and symptoms of, 378, 379 Catecholamines, in b-adrenergic blocker and calcium channel antagonist toxicity, Cathartics, 273 Caustic(s), exposures to, evaluation and management of, ingestion of, clinical assessment and studies of, 461 treatment of, Caustic enemas, Charcoal, activated, administration in home, Chemical agents, as terrorist-use risk, Chemical disasters, community response strategy in, Desert Storm SCUD attacks, Indianapolis, Indiana industrial accident, 530 myths about, 529 reality of, sources of, South Carolina train derailment, 529 Tokyo sarin gas attack, Chemical exposure, mass, chaos and confusion concerning, 528 clinical decision-making during, medical response to, Chemical terrorism attacks: update on antidotes, Chloral hydrate Mickey Finn, Cicutoxin, description of, ingestion of, cliical presentation in, 384 management of, 385 plants containing, 381, 382, 383 toxicity of, mechanism of, Ciguatera poisoning, clinical presentation of, 358 diagnosis of, 359 management of, Citalopram, 490 Cloves, Coma cocktail, Conium maculatum, 402, 403 Convalleria majalis, 388 Criminal poisoning: drug-facilitated sexual assault, Cyanide, Cyanide antidote kit, 578 D Datura metaloides, 407, 408 Death camus, 395 Dextrometthorphan, Diazoxide, 351 Dieffenbachia, 421, 422, 423, 424 Digitalis purpurea, 386 DMT-containing plants, 442 Drug(s), affecting pupil size, causing elevated anion gap, 261 causing fatalities in children under 6 years old, causing pneumonitis, 265 causing seizures, 258 of abuse, and street names, potentially lethal in small children, 284 scheduled, classification of,

3 Drug-induced heat stroke, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, compared, Dumbcane, 422 Dystonic reactions, E Ephedra alkaloids, Esophageal injury, grading scale of, 462 Eszopiclone, 511 Ethanol, clinical effects of, 506 laboratory monitoring of, F False hellabore, 394 Flumazenil, 269 Flunitrazepam, Food poisoning, Foxglove, 386 G Gastric lavage, 271 Gastrointestinal agents, in children and adolescents, abuse and misuse of, Gastrointestinal decontamination, 270 Glitazones, 353 Glucagon, 351 in b-adrenergic blocker toxicity, a-glucosidase inhibitors, 353 Grayanotoxin, 368 Grayanotoxins, plants containing, 391, 392 structure of, management of, mechanism of, H Hallucinogens, Heat stroke, drug-induced, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, compared, INDEX Hemodialysis, in b-adrenergic blocker and calcium channel antagonist toxicity, toxins accessible to, 275 Herb, definition of, 435 Herbal drugs, adverse effects of, 437 as dietary supplement, 436 lack of regulation of, 436 of abuse, Hydrofluoric acid, clinical manifestations and initial assessment of, exposure to, decontamination in, ocular, 472 treatments in, mechanism of action of, Hydroxocobalamin, y-hydroxybutyrate, Hypnottics, nonbenzodiazepine, Hypoglycemia, oral hypoglycemic-induced, treatment of, Hypoglycemic drugs, oral, likely to cause hypoglycemia, not causing hypoglycemia, toxicity of, emergency management of, I Insulin-euglycemia, in b-adrenergic blocker and calcium channel antagonist toxicity, J Jequirty pea, 377, 379 Jimsonweed, 443 K Kava, Ketamine, Khat, L Laxatives, abuse of, management of, 298 signs and symptoms of, Lily of the valley, 388

4 600 INDEX Lomotil, as toxic to small children, 292 Lysergamide-containing plants, M Meglitinides, Mescaline, 441 Metformin, Monkshood, 398 Monosodium glutamate, N Nalmefene, 269 Naloxone, 269 Nerium oleander, 387 Nerve agents, antidotal treatments in, background of, exposure of children to, mass exposures to, strategy for, 576 route of exposure to, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and drug-induced heat stroke, compared, Nicotiana glauca, 404 Nicotine, and related compounds, muscarinic and nicotinic effects of, 405 plants containing, 402, structure of, laboratory studies of, 406 management of, 406 mechanism of, 404 Nutmeg, general approach in, laboratory tests in, odors and, 259, 261 physical examination in, prehospital care in, 251 radiologic studies in, skin signs in, 259, 260 toxicology screens in, treatment of, Oxalate, Oxalates, plants containing, 421, management of, 424 mechanism of, 422 P Paralytic shellfish poisoning, 560 Pediatric toxicology, Peyote, 441 Phenols, catechol, and noncatechol, Physostigmine, 269, 443 Plant poisoning, Poison hemlock, 402, 403 Poison ivy, , 417 Poison oak, Potassium iodide, Pralidoxime, Prussian blue, Psychotropic drugs, cardiovascular effects of, O Octreotide, Oleander, 387 Opioids, 517 as toxic to small children, Osmolar gap, 262 Overdose, unknown, approach to patient with, clinical guidelines in, diagnosis from vital signs, differential diagnosis of, 251 epidemiology of, 250 Q QT prolongation, drug-induced, R Radiation emergencies, Resorcinol, 414, 415 Ricin, 376, 378 Ricinus communis, 376 S Sacred datura seeds, 407, 408

5 Salicylate, absorption and metabolism of, acid-base changes induced by, 336 Salicylate-poisoned patient, emergency department management of, evaluation in, pitfalls in, 334 hemodialysis in, indications for, 342 treatment of, enhanced elimination in, gastric decontamination in, resuscitation in, Salicylate poisoning, clinical presentation of, 337 death from, 338 epidemiology of, in small children, 290 metabolic acidosis in, mixed acid-base disturbances in, 336 pathophysiologic basis of, respiratory alkalosis in, 336 Salvia divinorum, Saponin glycosides, plants containing, management of, 414 mechanism of, Saxitoxin, exposure to, clinical manifestations of, laboratory testing in, 563 Scombroid poisoning, Seizures, drugs causing, 258 Serotonin syndrome, Sexual assault, and emergency department, definition of, 499 drug facilitated, chain of testing for, 503 prevalence of, drug-facilitated, as criminal poisoning, drugs used to facilitate, 505, 506 forensic laboratory analyses and, Sodium bicarbonate therapy, in b- adrenergic blocker and calcium channel antagonist toxicity, 321 Sodium monofluoroacetate (compound 1080), pathophysiology of, 552 INDEX poisoning, clinical manifestations of, properties of, Sulfonylureas, as toxic to small children, 291 Sympathomimetics, Syrup of ipecac, chronic exposure to, symptoms of, and physical examination findings in, OTC status of, controversy concerning, toxicity, treatment of, T Terrorists, unusual but potential agents of, Tetrodotoxin poisoning, clinical grading system for, 362 clinical presentation of, 362 management of, 363 Thallium, Thevia peruviana, 387 Toxalbumins, Toxicodendrons, description of, poisoning due to, prevention of, management of, 420 mechanism of, Toxicokinetics, 250 Toxicology, pediatric, Toxidromes, Tree tobacco, 401 Trichothecene mycotoxins, clinical manifestations of, 557 exposure to, treatment of, 558 history of, 556 laboratory testing of, properties of, Tricyclic antidepressants, as toxic to small children, 285 U Urushiol, 414, 415 V Venlafaxine,

6 602 INDEX Veratrum alkaloids, plants containing, 394, management of, 397 mechanism of, 396 Vomiting agents, W Water hemlock, 381, 382, 383 X Yellow oleander, 387 Yohimbe, Y Zaleplon, 511 Zigadenus, 395 Ziprasidone, Zolpidem, 511