A Brief History of Psychology. Chapter 1, Section 2

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Transcription:

A Brief History of Psychology Chapter 1, Section 2

Essential Question Has the field of psychology evolved over time and, if so, what has led to this process?

I CAN Explain important trends in the history of psychology Identify various approaches to the field of psychology Analyze why Sigmund Freud smokes cigars

Introduction Psychology has molded from other sciences Greek philosophers Reliance on observation Phrenology- practice of examining bumps on a person s skull to determine that person s intellect and character traits

Phrenology activity - 10 minutes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80dz71km6_g&feature=related Clip- 3:30 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1nck46bzt2c Clip- 1:20 Phrenology accurately identifies personality traits.. Do you.

Drag your dot to indicate whether you agree or disagree: Agree Disagree

Historical Approaches 1. 2. 3. 4. Structuralism Functionalism Inheritable Traits Gestalt

Structuralism Wilhelm Wundt- a psychologist who studied the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences Established modern psychology as a separate, formal field of study First Laboratory of Psychology in Leipzig, Germany Developed method of self-observation

Functionalism William James taught first class in psychology at Harvard University Considered Father of Psychology in America Studied how animals and people adapt to their environment

Psychology 101 Video Wundt and James as founders of psychological practice: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sw6nm69z_ie 1:10 minutes

Why was Wilhelm Wundt s introspection method criticized, and what did Wundt s & James work help to shape?

Inheritable Traits Sir Francis Galton www.youtube.com/watch?v=yp27i05-vtg Understand how heredity influences a person s abilities, personality, behavior A person s heredity and environment interact to influence intelligence Helped to create modern personality and IQ tests https://www.123test.com/iq-test/id=dbsovfqrej1l&version=

Click on the IQ test box and take the IQ test on the left, then draw or type your result in the space provided: IQ TEST

Gestalt Psychology Gestalt means whole pattern Argued that perception is more than the sum of its parts Imagine a chair what do you see? Do you imagine a whole chair or do you recognize the legs, seat, back? Forerunner for cognitive approaches to the study of psychology

Part 2- To Be Continued The Contemporary Approaches

Contemporary Approaches 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Psychoanalytic Behavioral Humanistic Cognitive Biological Sociocultural

Psychoanalytic Sigmund Freud Psychoanalyst More interested in unconscious thought Believed unconscious mind controlled behavior https://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=l1ya3hfn2bm

Talking Theory Free Association Revealed operation of unconscious processes Dream analysis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzq_u2hbnvs

ANSWER AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE WITH THE FIRST WORD THAT OCCURS TO YOUR MIND: Turtle

Psychosexual Stages

According to Freud, which was the psychosexual stage he wasn t able to complete as represented by his cigar use? Oral Anal Phallic Latent

Behavioral Psychology Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner, John B. Watson When you investigate observable behavior Ivan Pavlov- Classical Conditioning Pavlov s Dog experiment https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4fti1n2kmss BF Skinner Reinforcement- response to a behavior that will increase the likelihood or repeated behavior

Humanistic Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Rollo May Each person has freedom in directing his or her future and potential to develop Individual or self-directed choices influence our behavior Emphasizes personal growth

Is this statement true or false? According to Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs, one must fulfill physiological needs before (s)he can attempt safety needs. True False

Cognition Jean Piaget, Noam Chomsky Concerned with how thinking processes, such as intelligence and problem solving, can be used to deal with problems or to develop a healthy personality

Biological Biological factors influence our behavior Modern PET, MRI scans Genetic factors influence a wide range of human behaviors

Sociocultural Studies the social and cultural influence on behavior Way we think, feel, behave may be linked to culture Also concerned with issue of gender and socioeconomic status

Drag your dot to how you are feeling: Keep going, I understand I m a little confused Stop, I need help!

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