Figure 7.1 The human skeleton. Skull Thoracic cage (ribs and sternum) Cranium Facial bones Sternum Rib Bones of pectoral girdle Vertebral column Sacrum Vertebra Bones of pelvic girdle (a) Anterior view (b) Posterior view
Figure 7.2a The skull: Cranial and facial divisions and fossae. Bones of cranium (cranial vault) Coronal suture Squamous suture Lambdoid suture Facial bones (a) Cranial and facial divisions of the skull
Figure 5.6 The human skull. (1 of 2) Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 5.6 The human skull. (1 of 2) Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 5.6 The human skull. (2 of 2) Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 5.6 The human skull. (2 of 2) Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 7.5a Bones of the lateral aspect of the skull, external and internal views. Sphenoid bone (greater wing) Zygomatic process Mastoid process Styloid process Mandibular condyle Mandibular ramus Alveolar margins Mental foramen Coronoid process (a) External anatomy of the right side of the skull
Figure 7.4b Anatomy of the anterior and posterior aspects of the skull. Sagittal suture Sutural bone External occipital protuberance (b) Posterior view External occipital crest Occipital condyle
Figure 7.6a Inferior aspect of the skull, mandible removed. Hard palate Maxilla (palatine process) Palatine bone Infraorbital foramen Zygomatic bone Temporal bone (zygomatic process) Sphenoid bone (greater wing) Mandibular fossa Temporal bone Occipital condyle (a) Inferior view of the skull (mandible removed)
Figure 7.8 The temporal bone. External acoustic meatus Squamous region Mastoid process Styloid process Zygomatic process Mandibular fossa
Figure 7.9 The sphenoid bone. Lesser wing Greater wing sella turcica (a) Superior view Body of sphenoid Body of sphenoid Lesser wing Greater wing (b) Posterior view Pterygoid process
Figure 7.10 The ethmoid bone. ANTERIOR VIEW Olfactory foramina Crista galli Cribriform plate Ethmoidal sinuses Perpendicular plate Middle nasal concha
Figure 7.15 Paranasal sinuses. Frontal sinus Ethmoidal sinus Sphenoid sinus Maxillary sinus Frontal sinus Ethmoidal sinus Sphenoid sinus Maxillary sinus (a) Anterior aspect (b) Medial aspect
Figure 7.13 Bones that form the orbits. (YOU DON T NEED TO KNOW ALL THE DETAILS )
Figure 7.12 The hyoid bone, anterior view. Body
Figure 7.18 Structure of a typical vertebra. Transverse process Lamina Posterior Spinous process facet Pedicle Anterior Vertebral foramen Body
Figure 7.20 Posterolateral views of articulated vertebrae. (a) Cervical vertebrae Dens of axis C 1 (atlas) C 2 (axis) C 3 Transverse processes C 7 Transverse process Spinous process (b) Thoracic vertebrae Transverse costal facet (for tubercle of rib) Intervertebral disc Body Inferior costal facet (for head of rib) Transverse process Body Intervertebral disc Spinous process (c) Lumbar vertebrae
Figure 7.17a Ligaments and fibrocartilage discs uniting the vertebrae. Transverse process Sectioned spinous process Intervertebral disc Intervertebral foramen Interspinous ligament Sectioned body of vertebra (a) Median section of three vertebrae, illustrating the composition of the discs and the ligaments
Table 7.2 Regional Characteristics of Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Vertebrae (2 of 3) (DON T NEED TO KNOW ALL DETAILS)
Table 7.2 Regional Characteristics of Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Vertebrae (3 of 3) (DON T NEED TO KNOW ALL DETAILS)
Figure 7.19 The first and second cervical vertebrae. C 1 Posterior Posterior Transverse foramen Transverse process facet (a) Superior view of atlas (C 1 ) facet Transverse foramen Facet for dens (b) Inferior view of atlas (C 1 ) C 2 Posterior Spinous process Lamina Pedicle facet Transverse process Dens (c) Superior view of axis (C 2 ) Body
Figure 7.23b Ribs. tubercle of rib Spinous process Shaft Ligaments Neck of rib Head of rib Facet (for head of rib) Transverse Facet (for Tubercle of rib) Body of thoracic vertebra (b) Superior view of the articulation between a rib and a thoracic vertebra
Figure 7.21a The sacrum and coccyx. Body of first sacral vertebra Anterior sacral foramina Coccyx (a) Anterior view
Figure 7.22a The thoracic cage. Manubrium True ribs (1 7) Body Xiphoid process Sternum False ribs (8 12) Intercostal spaces Costal cartilage L 1 Vertebra Floating ribs (11, 12) (a) Skeleton of the thoracic cage, anterior view
Figure 7.23c Ribs. Facets for articulation with vertebrae Head Neck tubercle Junction with costal cartilage (c) A typical rib (rib 6, right), posterior view
Figure 7.35 Skull of a newborn. (DON T NEED TO KNOW NAMES OF FONTANELLES) Frontal bone Frontal suture Anterior fontanelle Parietal bone Posterior fontanelle (a) Superior view Parietal bone Posterior fontanelle Mastoid fontanelle (b) Lateral view Occipital bone Frontal bone Sphenoidal fontanelle Temporal bone (squamous portion) Occipital bone