Mr. Powner Biology Cell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards Instructions: Cut out the flashcards from the following pages. Use the following words to label the backside of the flashcards. The words are not listed in the same order as the flash cards. You must use the textbook to match them correctly. Use the finished flashcards to quiz yourself in preparation for the test. Word Bank: Animal Cell Cell Cell Theory Cell Wall Centrioles Chloroplasts Cholesterol Chromatin Cilia Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Electron Microscope Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Eukaryotic Cells Flagella Fluid Mosaic Model Golgi Apparatus Light Microscope Lysosomes Mitochondria Microfilaments Microtubules Nuclear Membrane Nucleolus Nucleus Phospholipids Plant Cell Plasma Membrane Plastids Prokaryotic Cells Ribosomes Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Selective Permeability Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Surface Markers Transport Proteins Vacuoles Alternative Assignment: with Mr. Powner s permission, you may do ONE of the following: 1. build a physical model of a cell [example] - label all parts with flags or a number system, include a key that explains their functions 2. draw a poster-size scientific diagram of a cell - label all parts with number system, include a key that explains their functions 3. create a digital presentation that gives a virtual tour of a cell - name all parts and explain their functions
Card 1 Name This Theory Card 2 - Instrument made of a series of glass lenses that can magnify visible light images up to 1,000x 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms. 3. Cells arise only from previously existing cells, with cells passing copies of their genetic material on to their daughter cells. Card 3 - Instrument the uses magnetically aimed electron beams to magnify objects up to 500,000x Card 4 - The basic structural and functional unit of all living things
Card 5 - Cells without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles (less organized, simple, and smaller; e.g. bacteria); considered to be very primitive Card 6 - Cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (more organized, complex, and larger; e.g. human cells); considered to be more advanced Card 7 Outer boundary of cells; flexible; made of a phospholipid bilayer; controls what enters and leaves the cells Card 8 - A function of the plasma membrane; some materials are allowed to pass through and others are not
Card 9 - Structural chemicals that make up membranes; one end is polar (hydrophilic = water-loving) the other is non-polar (hydrophobic = waterhating) Card 10 - Tubular protein structures embedded in plasma membranes which move substances in or out passively (diffusion) or actively (transport) Card 11 - The name of the current model of the plasma membrane is the. In this model, phospholipid bilayers create a sea in which other molecules can float, phospholipids and other molecules can move sideways fluidly Card 12 - What is the name of the fluid environment inside a cell? It is the liquid goo with dissolved salts and proteins in which all other cell parts float.
Card 13 - Supporting network of long, thin protein fibers (microfilaments and microtubules) that form a framework for the cell; provide an anchor for the organelles inside; connects to plasma membrane and allows cell movement. Card 14 - Thin protein threads that help give the cell shape and enable the entire cell or just parts to move; rapidly assemble, disassemble, and slide past one another. Card 15 - Long, hollow protein cylinders that form a rigid skeleton for the cell, against which substances can be moved; rapidly assemble, disassemble, and slide past one another. Card 16 - The cell s managing structure; it contains most of the cell s genetic material (DNA, which stores information used to make proteins for cell growth, function, and reproduction)
Card 17 - Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus; covered with nuclear pores (holes through which materials enter and leave the nucleus) Card 18 - Complex DNA wrapped protein structures; spread throughout the nucleus can condense further into chromosomes for cell reproduction. Card 19 - Organelle within the nucleus that produces ribosomes (which make proteins) Card 20 - Granular organelles that help manufacture proteins (not membrane-bound); made by the nucleolus; those bound to ER make proteins that will be packaged in membrane material by the Golgi for storage or transport; those that float free in cytoplasm make proteins for use within the cell
Card 21 - System of membranes folded into sacs and interconnected channels; the folds provide increased surface area for complex biochemical processes Card 22 - Area of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that is studded with ribosomes for protein synthesis Card 23 - Area of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that has no ribosomes and is the site of carbohydrate and lipid synthesis (including phospholipids) Card 24 - Flattened stacks of membranes; modifies, sorts, and packages proteins into membrane-bound sacs called vesicles; vesicles can then be stored or they can fuse with the cell membrane to release proteins into the environment
Card 25 - Large membrane-bound vesicles that temporarily store materials and waste products within the cytoplasm; not normally present in animal cells; can be very large in plant cells Card 26 - Vesicles that contain enzymes for digesting extra or worn-out organelles and food particles; also digest bacteria and viruses that have entered the cell; can fuse with vacuoles to break down their contents chemically Card 27 - Clusters of microtubules that form rigid shapes used during cell division; located in cytoplasm of animal cells near the nucleus Card 28 - Organelles that convert sugars into usable energy packets (ATP); powerhouse of the cell
Card 29 - Specialized category of vesicles in plant cells; some are used for storage of sugars, starches, and lipids; others are used for energy production (chloroplasts are green, chromoplasts are red, orange or yellow) Card 30 - Organelles in plants that capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy (sugar molecules) through photosynthesis; internal stacks of disk-like membranes called thylakoids are where the pigment chlorophyll is found (green pigment used in photosynthesis) Card 31 - Found in plant cells; thick, rigid mesh of fibers that surrounds the outside of the plasma membrane, protects the cell, and gives it structural support Card 32 - Short, numerous cellular projections that look like hairs on the outside of cells; used like oars of a boat to swim through the environment
Card 33 - Longer, less numerous cellular projections; used in a whip-like motion to swim through the environment Card 34 Kind of Cell Card 36 Carbohydrate chains and protein molecules that are anchored on the outside surface of a cell. These give the surface of the cell a unique chemical fingerprint that other cells can recognize. Card 35 Kind of Cell
Card 37 These molecules insert in between the phospholipid tails of the plasma membrane; they serve to stiffen the membrane, preventing it from flowing too freely.