This course is registered with AIA CES

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Gerald Gilbert
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1 Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-aia members are available upon request. for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation. This course is registered with AIA CES

2 Learning Objectives At the end of the this course, participants will be able to: 1. Review the fundamentals of the science behind movement and cognitive development. 2. Have a working knowledge of the available research associated with movement and learning 3. Understand that the need for physically vigorous play is an essential nutrient for proper brain growth. All mammals are born expecting to play to help the brain develop. 4. Identify how the physical environment can play a role in fostering enhanced learning and health through movement

3 ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF SHAMELESS SELF- PROMOTION The Ratey Institute Partially funded by REEBOK

4 EMOTIONAL REGULATION EXERCISE PLAY OPTIMIZING COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING

Conditions That Are Caused or Worsened by A Sedentary Life Angina, heart attack, coronary artery disease Breast cancer Colon cancer Congestive heart failure Depression Gallstone disease High blood

9 Conditions That Are Caused or Worsened by A Sedentary Life Angina, heart attack, coronary artery disease Breast cancer Colon cancer Congestive heart failure Depression Gallstone disease High blood triglyceride High blood cholesterol Hypertension Less cognitive function Low blood HDL Lower quality of life Obesity (more difficult time with weight control) Osteoporosis Pancreatic cancer Peripheral vascular disease Physical frailty Premature mortality Prostate cancer Sleep apnea Stiff joints Stroke Type 2 diabetes Sedentary Life Style Increases The Progression Of : ADHD S Anxiety Lowered Academic Achievement Depression Post Traumatic Stress Learned Helplessness ADDICTIONS Stress related illnesses Lack of Resilience Cognitive Decline Alzheimer s Premature Aging and Frailty It s better to wear out than to rust

Every student at Madison Junior High completes a computer-based

3% of freshmen were overweight or obese.

An international benchmarking test comparing the achievement of

10 Every student at Madison Junior High completes a computer-based fitness test Students spend one day a week in the school's state-of-the-art fitness center. 33% of freshmen in California were overweight or obese. 3% of freshmen were overweight or obese. 19,000 children in the district. An international benchmarking test comparing the achievement of eighth-grade students. In 1999, Naperville District 203 scored #1 in science and #6 in math. An amazing 94.1% of Naperville parents were satisfied with the PE curriculum.

11 Fewer competitive activities. More activities that emphasize personal achievement Not a replacement for Competitive Sports. Use and CO-OPT technology to serve us. USE OUR CYBER SLAVES Construct developmentally appropriate curriculum PE for BODY and BRAIN Builds character & citizenship, teaches how to deal with adversity, and how to give back to one s community. Includes a wide range of activities Acculturates a lifestyle of PLAY and ACTIVITY

13 The Association between School-Based Physical Activity, including Physical Education, & Academic Performance? A CDC Report, April 2010

14 2004 Scores in Math by Number of Fitness Standards Grade 5 371,198 Students Grade 7 366,278 Students Grade 9 63,028 Students** *California Standards Test ** Grade 9 Students who took CST geometry Source: California Physical Fitness Test, 2004 Results, Calif. Dept. of Ed., April 2005

Sweden The Proof Love to measure and keep records 1.2 million boys born 1950-76; finished H.S. 15 and entered military 18.

15 Sweden The Proof Love to measure and keep records 1.2 million boys born ; finished H.S. 15 and entered military ,000 brothers, 1300 identical twins Tested cardio (ergonometric) muscle (knee, elbow, hand) and cognitive appraisal-both at 15 and 18. Brothers, identical twins showed the same association-those that improved their physical fitness improved their brain power. Its not just about the genes. Those that improved cardio fitness improved IQ and smarts. Not as much with muscle strength. Also those that improved went on to be better education, more satisfaction with life, and higher socio-economic standing. "We believe the present results provide scientific support for educational policies to maintain or increase physical education in school curricula as a means to stem the growing trend toward a sedentary lifestyle, which is accompanied by an increased risk for diseases and perhaps intellectual and academic underachievement," write researchers Maria Aberg and colleagues of the University of Gothenburg in Gothenburg, Sweden in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Nov 30. [Epub ahead of print]

Role of pa in diabetes management and prevention Hayes, Kriska Pa lifestyle plays vital role in both Magagement of type I diabetes Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes PA weight lose and

16 Role of pa in diabetes management and prevention Hayes, Kriska Pa lifestyle plays vital role in both Magagement of type I diabetes Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes PA weight lose and weight management Improves insulin/glucose profile for people w pre diabetes, glycemic control w people type 2 diabetes, and qualtiy of life for everyone Type 2 diabetes pa reduces risk of cardiovascularall cause mortality

17 IN THE MOMENT

18 Play evolved to promote survival. Play makes the brain smarter - more adaptable - higher animals. Play is the basis of social contact and group interaction - fostering empathy The core of creativity and innovation. Play gives us the ability to become smarter and more creative, to learn more about the world than the genes could ever teach, to adapt to a changing world. In a world of continuously presenting unique challenges and ambiguities.. Play Prepares the Player to cope with the evolving planet. The more recess the better behaved and attentive the student or worker.

19 Play evolved to promote survival. Play makes the brain smarter - more adaptable - higher animals. Play is the basis of social contact and group interaction - fostering empathy The core of creativity and innovation. Play gives us the ability to become smarter and more creative, to learn more about the world than the genes could ever teach, to adapt to a changing world. In a world of continuously presenting unique challenges and ambiguities.. Play Prepares the Player to cope with the evolving planet. The more recess the better behaved and attentive the student or worker.

he species with the biggest brain size play he most.

Play: How it Shapes the Brain, Opens Imagination, and Invigorates the Soul

ambiguities of a world that is continuously changing.

20 he species with the biggest brain size play he most. Humans should never stop! Play: How it Shapes the Brain, Opens Imagination, and Invigorates the Soul (2009 Play prepares the player, to cope with the unique challenges and ambiguities of a world that is continuously changing. Play is necessary to keep our major brain systems synchronized. The period when maximum play occurs - Ages 3-7 yrs is also the period of the most rapid growth of the cerebellum.

The photographer was sure that he was going to see the end of his huskies as this 1200 lb

21 Animals at Play Stuart Brown describes the pictures of a wild starving, male, polar bear entering the area where a group of huskies were waiting. The photographer was sure that he was going to see the end of his huskies as this 1200 lb polar bear had not eaten in 4 months., BUT Shortly, before the Husky was in a crouched bow with tail wagging ready to play

22 Google: Polar Bear, Husky, Brown. The Polar Bears returned every night that week to play with the dogs

23 Electronic Media: Schools with the highest usage of electronic media TVs, movies, computers scored the highest on non promoting of physical activity. In schools with more fixed playground equipment, children were less active. In schools with more portable equipment, i.e. balls and tricycles, children were more active.

E. O. Wilson (1984) defined biophilia as

25 E. O. Wilson (1984) defined biophilia as an innate emotional affiliation of human beings to other living organisms Innate means Hereditary hence part of the ultimate human nature Nature is important to each person, even at an unconscious level.

28 DIET EXERCISE PLAY SLEEP BIOPHILLIA- NATURE MINDFULNESS CONNECTION SMALL TRIBES

30 Mayo Clinic Sept 2011 Dr Ahlskog s Group - looked at >1600 papers on exercise and cognition and countered the NIH consensus panel s conclusion that nothing has been proven to have a preventive effect on dementia or cognitive decline. The NIH s panel was very restrictive in each review and did not include many articles that did not meet the strictest of guidelines. They took a broader view and looked at both animal and human studies and of course there is a plethora of evidence supporting the preventive effect of exercise on cognitive decline and Alzheimer s disease in the elderly and in middle age. Acute Exercise Intervention from 1-12 months in sedentary elderly has an improving effect on cognitive tests. The benefits of exercise for atherosclerosis is so solid and this review shows an effect over and above its vascular protective effect. Fitness or the result of Chronic Exercise- shows an increase in size of hippocampus- essential for memory and memory integration. As well the more fit the person is they have larger cortical volumes and show better Cortical Connections Ahlskog JE, Geda YE, Graff-Radford NR, Petersen RC. Physical exercise as a preventive or disease-modifying treatment of dementia and brain aging.mayo Clin Proc Sep;86(9):

M, Pontifex MB, Raine LB, Konkel A, Hillman CH, Cohen NJ, Kramer AF.

33 Fitness, Hippocampus Size, and Memory Kids who were fit and who had better memory, also had larger hippocampii Fitness increases neurons, connectivity- 28 fit 21 non Not Fit Fit Chaddock L, Erickson KI, Prakash RS, Kim JS, Voss MW, Vanpatter M, Pontifex MB, Raine LB, Konkel A, Hillman CH, Cohen NJ, Kramer AF. A neuroimaging investigation of the association between aerobic fitness, hippocampal volume and memory performance in preadolescent children. Brain Res Aug 21. [Epub ahead of print]

36 Immediate mood boost with exercise in MDD 0% -10% Depression Tension Anger Distress -20% -30% -40% -50% -60% -38% -39% -40% -30% -34% -43% -51% -54% -53% -29% -31% -46% 5-min Post 30-min Post 60-min Post Bartholomew et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc Dec;37(12):2032-7

activation of granule neurons and enhances local inhibitory mechanisms in the dentate gyrus.

37 EXERCISING RATS MAKE MORE GABA CELLS IN HIPPOCAMPUS- MORE RESISTANT TO THREATS IMMEDIATE AND LONGER TERM STRESSORS HAVE TO BE MORE THREATENING 6 WEEKS OF RUNNING VS CONTROL Physical exercise prevents stress-induced activation of granule neurons and enhances local inhibitory mechanisms in the dentate gyrus. Schoenfeld TJ, Rada P, Pieruzzini PR, Hsueh B, Gould E. J Neurosci May 1;33(18): doi: /JNEUROSCI

39 MICHAEL PHELPS OFF RITALIN At age 9, Michael was put on Ritalin, a stimulant used to treat hyperactivity. His mother thinks it helped a little. He seemed to be able to focus longer, he could get through homework without moving around so much. She said he was still a middling student. It might have raised some C s to B s, she said. But if a homework assignment had to be at least four sentences, she said, He d just do four sentences. After two years, Michael asked to get off the meds. He had to go to the school nurse s office to take a pill at lunch, she said, and felt stigmatized.just out of the blue, he said to me: I don t want to do this anymore, Mom. After consulting with the Dr., Michael stopped medication. In the meantime, Michael the swimmer had appeared. By 10, he was ranked nationally in his age group. Ms. Phelps watched the boy who couldn t sit still at school sit for four hours at a meet waiting to swim his five minutes worth of races. At age 12 Michael needed an algebra tutor, and was so antsy in school that his mother suggested the teacher sit him at a table in the back. And yet he willingly got up at 6:30 daily for 90-minute morning practices and swam 2 to 3 hours every afternoon.

40 How Far Do I have to Run Today?

41 Exercise & Learning The JACK Effect

42 NO RECESS

43 The Prefrontal Cortex Major Role in Executive Function EXERCISE particularly affects our Executive Function Planning Organization Initiate or delay a response Consequence evaluation Learning from mistakes Maintain the focus Working Memory Dysfunction in these areas leads to disruption in the organization and control of behavior

44 Brain Chemistry Improves emotional Regulation and Optimizes Learning and Memory

51 SYSTEMS NEW Cell Growth Cellular

The Prefrontal Cortex Major Role in Executive Function EXERCISE particularly affects our Executive Function Planning Organization Initiate or delay a response Consequence evaluation

53 The Prefrontal Cortex Major Role in Executive Function EXERCISE particularly affects our Executive Function Planning Organization Initiate or delay a response Consequence evaluation Learning from mistakes Maintain the focus Working Memory Dysfunction in these areas leads to disruption in the organization and control of behavior

55 Exercise promotes hippocampus neurogenesis in mice Control 2 weeks on running wheel Integration of newborn neurons in hippocampus Pereira et al, PNAS, 2007; van Pragg, Neuromol Med, 2008

56 Exercise promotes hippocampus blood flow in humans Age 21-45, below average fitness 12 weeks: 4X/wk aerobic training; VO2-max Rey auditory verbal learning test Pereira et al., PNAS 2007

Harvard on the Move, a new initiative sponsored by President Drew Faust (from left), kicked off with a panel discussion at Sanders Theatre on Wednesday.

57 Harvard on the Move, a new initiative sponsored by President Drew Faust (from left), kicked off with a panel discussion at Sanders Theatre on Wednesday. Panelists included Daniel Lieberman, professor of human evolutionary biology and department chair of human evolutionary biology in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Christopher McDougall 85, author of "Born to Run: A Hidden Tribe, Superathletes, and the Greatest Race the World Has Never Seen," and John Ratey, an associate clinical professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.

60 The Board Meeting of the Future Breakthough Ideas for 2008 Harvard Business Review February 2008 Breakthrough Ideas for 2008 Harvard Business Review February 2008

In addition the promotion of physical activity and healthy weight. physicians should discourage sitting for a extended periods

In addition the promotion of physical activity and healthy weight. physicians should discourage sitting for a extended periods HUNTER GATHERERS Our early ancestors predominately consisted of hunter-gatherer types ensuring the Running Man as a standard of fitness for their survival. If you did not run, you did not eat. Individuals