Dr. Pedro Medel IMASDE AGROALIMENTARIA SL Athens, 12/05/2016

Transcription

1 S17 Strategies to Control Foodborne Pathogens: Focus on Campylobacter in Broilers. An Update about the Different State-of-the-Art Methods to Control Campylobacter in Broilers: The European Project CAMPYBRO Dr. Pedro Medel IMASDE AGROALIMENTARIA SL Athens, 12/05/2016 1

2 INDEX 1.Introduction 2.Pre harvest measures 3.Post harvest measures 4.Conclusions

3 Campylobacter is on fashion 3

4 Campylobacteriosis EU, 2014 EFSA Journal 2015;13(12):4329, 191 pp. doi: /j.efsa

5 Regulation proposal Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 is amended as follows: In Chapter 2, Row is added: "2.1.9 Poultry carcases of broilers Campylobac ter spp. 50 ( 5 ) 10 (11) From c=7 From c= cfu/g ISO/TS Carcases chilling after Improvements in slaughter hygiene and review of process controls, origin of animals and of the biosecurity measures in the farms of origin" neck skins from a minimum of 15 poultry carcases shall be sampled at random after chilling during each sampling session. A piece consisting of minimum 10 g of neck skin shall be obtained from each poultry carcase the neck skin samples from three poultry carcases from the same flock of origin shall be pooled in order to form 5 x 25 g final samples once per week 5

6 CARCASS-CECAL CONTAMINATION RELATIONSHIP Slope:1 6

7 CARCASS-CECAL CONTAMINATION RELATIONSHIP Slope:0.66 7

8 CARCASS-CECAL CONTAMINATION RELATIONSHIP Slope:0.33 8

9 CAMPYBRO PROJECT Biosafety Management PRE-HARVEST Nutrition Vaccine POST-HARVEST Transport Slaughterhouse Packaging Feed form Additives Phages Retail Consumers 9

10 INDEX 1.Introduction 2.Pre harvest measures 3.Post harvest measures 4.Conclusions

11 Genetic diversity among farms 11

12 Genetic diversity among farms 12

13 Genetic diversity within a farm 13

14 Genetic diversity along the food chain 14

15 Genetic diversity along the food chain 15

16 Pre-harvest: No vertical transmission 16

17 Pre-harvest: Biosecurity 17

18 Pre-harvest: Biosecurity 18

19 Pre-harvest: Biosecurity Access to barn: Boot change. Specific utensils for each barn. Clean and dirty area. Dead animals withdrawal 19

20 Pre-harvest: Biosecurity Flies control Nets 20

21 Pre-harvest: Biosecurity Biosecurity + flynets Thinning Cerdá et al.,

22 Pre-harvest: flies role CHRO,

23 Pre-harvest: Management Decrease in slaughtering age Commercial impact/differences between countries Useful for Summer High prevalence farms 23

24 Pre-harvest: Biosecurity Cleaning and disinfecting program Infection is not predictable from the C. jejuni status of the last flock in the house, as negative flocks can follow positive flocks (Berndtson et al., 1996a; Evans and Sayers 2000) and vice versa. Positive flocks can occur in newly constructed broiler houses (Gregory and others 1997). However, there was a higher risk of positive infection status if the test result of the farm for the previous flock was Campylobacter-positive (OR = 1.60) (Chowdhury et al., 2012). 24

25 Pre-harvest: Management Homogeneity 25

26 Pre-harvest: thinning 26

27 Pre-harvest: Biosecurity The risk of C. jejuni introduction increases with the number of broiler houses, facilitated by farm staff travelling between houses. Other neighboring livestock on the farm increases the risk of C. jejuni-positive flocks Presence of cattle within 5 km of the broiler farm increases the percentage of positive flocks (OR = 6.7) (Laberge et al., 2006) The presence of (Bouwknegt et al., 2004) Other farm animals on the farm (OR = 1.88), Presence of animals on farms within 1 km (OR = 9.56), Logistic slaughtering Kit >7 Log10UFC/g 27

28 Diet manipulation 9d p.i. 28

29 Pelleting y particle size Gracia et al.,

30 Whole wheat and oat hulls Gracia et al.,

31 Probiotics 31

32 Plant extracts 32

33 Acidification: MCFA De los Santos et al.,

34 Acidification: MCFA Control Capric acid With mucus De los Santos et al.,

35 Single additives 35

36 MCFA and Monoglycerides 36

37 Product combination 42d Casabuena et al.,

38 Vaccine development A recombinant Salmonella bacterium [ ] is capable of eliciting an immune response against at least two enteric pathogens in addition to at least one Salmonella serotype Anivax is seeking funds, scientific expertise and production capabilities to continue theusda approval progress. Anivax s Campylobacter vaccine has been developed through research at the University of Arizona CALS,Arizona State University Biodesign Institute and Washington University (St. Louis). 38

39 Vaccine development CHRO,

40 INDEX 1.Introduction 2.Pre harvest measures 3.Post harvest measures 4.Conclusions

41 Slaughterhouse comparison 41

42 Slaughterhouse evolution of infection +/

43 Slaughterhouse evolution of infection 43

44 Slaughterhouse evolution of infection 3 water chilling baths 44

45 Slaughterhouse evolution of infection 45

46 Slaughterhouse evolution of infection 46

47 Slaughterhouse evolution of infection 47

48 Slaughterhouse recommendations Pre harvest measures to decrease the Cecal counts Cleanliness of the birds Litter management Fasting time + transport and holding time: 12h Stunning Gas Homogeneity (fattening by sex?) Scalding water temperature Multiple tank if possible Highest without skin problems Renovation or pasteurization between batches/work shift if possible 48

49 Slaughterhouse recommendations Unplucking process Adjustment of machine Avoid press the carcasses (fecal output) Evisceration Adjustment of machine Special care with carcasses with visible contamination 49

50 Slaughterhouse recommendations Chilling process Key point to decrease the contamination 0,5-1 log 10 CFU/g Air chilling better than water chilling (desiccation) [without disinfectants] 50

51 Ad-hoc steps to reduce Campylobacter Rapid surface chilling: Crust freezing In continuous 1mm Liquid nitrogen -196ºC -1 log 51

52 Ad-hoc steps to reduce Campylobacter Domínguez,

53 Other measures Freezing carcasses Roasted chicken Skin and neck withdrawal 53

54 Roasted without manipulation 54

55 55

56 Food safety Animal welfare Animal health Environment