1. Who was Imhotep? Where did Imhotep live? When did he live? What kinds of work did he do? 2. Who was Hippocrates? Where did he live?

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1 Chapter 1: Supplemental Questions 1. Who was Imhotep? Where did Imhotep live? When did he live? What kinds of work did he do? 2. Who was Hippocrates? Where did he live? When did he live? 3. What new medical methods did Hippocrates teach? 4. In your own words, paraphrase the following quotes of Hippocrates: Desperate diseases require desperate remedies Illness is sometimes stronger when a mind is troubled One man s meat is another man s poison 6 Chapter 1: Supplemental Questions

2 5. What did Hippocrates teach physicians about proper conduct? 6. What title has been given to Hippocrates? 7. Who was the most important physician during the Roman Empire? What was his hometown? When did he die? 8. Why could Galen not study human bodies as he wished? 9. What other means did Galen use to better understand the human body? 10. Galen served as physician to the Roman Emperor 11. How did Galen s ideas live on after his death? Timeline: Add Imhotep (Egypt, 3500 B.C.) Add Hippocrates (Greece, 460 B.C.) Add Galen (Rome, A.D. 200) Chapter 1: Supplemental Questions 7

3 Chapter 1-5 REVIEW FILL IN THE BLANK: 1. When did Imhotep live in Egypt? 2. A pledge of proper conduct for doctors is called. 3. Galen learned firsthand about the human body by. 4. Doctors used a process called because they believed it put the body s four humors in balance. 5. Jacobus Sylvius taught medical students by while an assistant carried out a dissection. 6. Anatomy is the study of. 7. The word anatomy means. 8. Vesalius studied the skeletons of humans while Galen had studied skeletons of. 9. In Europe of the 1500s, minor operations and first aid were given by. 10. As a child, did Paré learn to read and write Latin and Greek, the languages used by scholars and doctors? 11. In Paris, Paré took a position at a. 12. Paré s improved treatment for gunshot wounds was to. 13. Ambroise Paré said, The foundation of medicine must be, 14. The inscription on the statue erected in honor of Ambroise Paré reads, I treated him, healed him. 15. When William Harvey attended Padua in Italy, its most famous teacher was. 16. William Harvey believed that could be used to study medicine. 17. Blood is carried to the heart by. 18. William Harvey stated that the heart was a. Chapter 5: Supplemental Questions 15

4 Choose the best answer from the name bank: 1. an artist who studied the human body so he could _ paint it accurately 2. a Polish astronomer who described the sun and not the _ earth as the center of the planetary system 3. taught in Paris from old books 4. wrote On the Fabric of the Human Body 5. taught the experimental method at Padua 6. wrote On the Motion of the Blood 7. discovered capillaries 8. was a successful apothecary (druggist) 9. lectured on surgery and anatomy, pointed out valves in the veins 10. a young artist who made illustrations for Vesalius book Leonardo da Vinci Nicolas Copernicus Sylvius Andreas Vesalius David Fabricius NAME BANK Marcello Malpighi Jan Stephen van Calcar William Harvey Vesalius father Galileo 16 Chapter 5: Supplemental Questions

5 Chapter 1-5 Test Name: Date: Score: Multiple Choice: Circle the term or phrase that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1. Imhotep lived in Egypt about a B.C. b B.C. c B.C. 2. The Hippocratic Oath for doctors is a. a pledge of proper conduct b. a schedule of prices a doctor should charge 3. Galen learned firsthand about the human body from a. dissecting the bodies of criminals b. treating injured gladiators 4. Doctors used bloodletting because they believed it put the body s four humors in balance. 5. Jacobus Sylvius taught medical students by reading from a book while an assistant carried out a dissection. 6. Anatomy is the study of a. stars and planets b. the human mind c. the human body d. religion 9. As a child Paré learned to read and write both Latin and Greek. 10. In Paris, Paré took a position at a a. teaching university b. king s summer home c. charity hospital 11. Paré s improved treatment for gunshot wounds was to a. pour in boiling oil b. use soothing ointment c. sear the wound d. use thread to tie the veins and arteries closed 12. When William Harvey attended Padua in Italy, its most famous teacher was a. Isaac Newton b. Galileo 13. William Harvey believed that experiments could be used to study medicine. 14. Blood is carried to the heart by a. arteries b. veins 7. Vesalius studied the skeletons of humans while Galen had studied skeletons of a. criminals b. apes 8. In Europe of the 1500 s, minor operations and first aid were given by a. dentists b. barbers c. doctors d. janitors 50 Chapter 1-5 Test

6 Matching: Write the letter that matches the person to the given statement. A. Andreas Vesalius B. Jan Stephen van Calcar C. Leonardo da Vinci D. Nicolas Copernicus E. Sylvius F. Vesalius father 15. was a young artist who made illustrations for Vesalius book. 16. was an artist who studied the human body so he could paint it accurately. 17. was a Polish astronomer who described the sun and not the earth as the center of the planetary system. 18. was a successful apothecary (druggist). 19. taught in Paris from old books. 20. wrote On the Fabric of the Human Body. Matching: Write the letter that matches the person to the given statement. G. David Fabricius I. Marcello Malpighi H. Galileo J. William Harvey 21. taught the experimental method at Padua. 22. lectured on surgery and anatomy, pointed out valves in the veins. 23. wrote On the Motion of the Blood. 24. discovered capillaries Fill In the Blank: In the space below, write the word or phrase that completes each statement. 25. Ambroise Paré said, The foundation of medicine must be, 26. The inscription on the statue erected in honor of Ambroise Paré reads, I treated him, healed him. 27. The word anatomy means. 28. William Harvey stated that the heart was a. Chapter 1-5 Test 51

7 Chapter 1-5: Supplemental Questions Key chapter 1 1. He was the first doctor recorded in history Egypt 3500 B.C. He was a politician, astronomer, architect, and physician. 2. A Greek physician; Kos, a Greek island off the coast of Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey); 460 B.C.' 3. Every disease has a natural cause find the cause; cure the disease Talk to the patient about their symptoms; find out all you can Allow the patient to rest. See that he is kept clean, has fresh air, and simple wholesome food. 4. Drastic action may be needed to save a life: e.g., amputate a gangrenous limb to prevent death by gangrene. A positive outlook promotes healing and recovery. A food that makes one person sick may be harmless to another. 5. don t take bribes, do no harm, treat everyone the same, offer services for free to those who cannot pay, love of man = love of medicine 6. Father of Medicine 7. Galen, Pergamum, A.D Roman law forbade dissecting the human body. 9. He studied 2 human skeletons at Alexandria, Egypt. He dissected animals to learn more about body systems. He treated injured gladiators, which increased his knowledge of human anatomy. 10. Marcus Aurelius 11. His ideas lived on in 125 books he had written. Doctors in the Middle Ages referred to Galen s writings and accepted all as scientific fact. chapter 2 1. Disease, unrest, war, lack of education/literacy, lack of books -- many had been destroyed or taken as plunder 2. Blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile 3. Blood-letting and changing the diet 4. The human body "to cut" 5. Dissection of a pig Galenus = Galen, the famous Roman doctor Eudemus = patient who made a full recovery after being treated for mild paralysis by Galen 6. He read aloud from Galen's book, while students scribbled notes. Dissection of an animal or human body often accompanied the lecture. 7. No That Galen was wrong about some aspects of anatomy 60 Chapter 1-5: Supplemental Questions Key