( Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, TMS) TMS, TMS TMS TMS TMS TMS TMS Q189
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1 : ( 1 DK29220 ; ) ( Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation TMS) TMS TMS TMS TMS TMS TMS TMS ; ; ; Q189 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ( TMS) : Physiology Psychology Brain Mapping and Clinical Ap2 plications Andrew CN Chen 1 ZHANG Wei2Ting 2 HAN Ji2Sheng 2 ( 1 Human Brain Mapping and Cortical Imaging Laboratory Aalborg University Aalborg DK29220 Denmark ( auc. dk) ; 2 Neuroscience Research Institute Peking University Beijing ) Abstract Non2invasive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) can painlessly induce conductive current to excite cortex. This changes physiological processing in the brain. Varying the parameters of TMS differential physiologic effects psychological impacts can be examined. Modulation of sensory perception suppression or facilitation of cognitive capacity and behavioral performance depicts differential modulatory operation in the brain. TMS could be applied in the research of neurological disease psychiatric disorders and pharmacologi2 cal investigation. Stereotaxic and frameless TMS can improve the anatomy2guided TMS and use for navigation in brain surgery. Finally the principles derived from acupuncture mechanisms can be integrated into the fre2 quency modulation effects on the brain shared by TMS. Key words TMS physics ; Physiology ; Psychology ; Mechanisms and therapy 1771 ( Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation TMS) Bickford Fremming TMS TMS TMS TMS TMS TMS : ; [1 3 ] 3 (2003CB515400)
2 TMS : TMS (stms) TMS (ptms) TMS (rtms) stms EEG/ ERP PET/ fmri ( 10 ) ptms TMS TMS PET TMS ( double2coil TMS dtms) rtms ( regional cerebral blood rtms(1 Hz flow rcbf) TMS ) rtms(525 Hz) rcbf stms TMS ;ptms TMS EEG ;rtms EEG TMS TMS ( In2 TMS ternational Society of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ISTS) BioMag TMS TMS [ ] TMS 1000 TMS TMS ; TMS TMS GABA TMS TMS TMS (motor evoked potential TMS ; MEP) (compound muscle action potential CMAP) TMS TMS TMS ( stms ptms/ dtms rtms) TMS [2 ] [35 ] stms ( EEG) / ( ERP) (MEP) PET/ fmri TMS [6 ] [7 ] MEP/ CMAP stms TMS stms TMS ptms dtms [1 Terao Ugawa ] ( ) rtms TMS 1 Hz rtms ; 525 Hz rtms TMS ( )
3 TMS () TMS TMS [1012 ] TMS [ ] () TMS 100 ms TMS ( ) 60 ms 140 ms TMS () TMS TMS (dtms) 22 dtms 20 ms TMS TMS ; TMS TMS () TMS (MEP ; 22 ) ;stms 15 stms EEG TMS rtms TMS [3 8 ] () TMS TMS () TMS [9 ] ms 020 ms TMS 1. ( Parkinson s disease PD) : PD TMS TMS Brodmann 4 TMS PD GABA TMS PD 2 PD () TMS rtms TMS 2. ( ) : 10 Hz TMS TMS TMS TMS TMS MRI ptms 20 Anandan [2 ] Lisanby [5 ]
4 () 1 Hz rtms TMS [3 ] 3. : rtms MEP TMS rtms rtms TMS 16 [16 () ] Beck Hamilton rtms TMS rtms rtms (SPECT) TMS [15 ] () ; TMS 20 Hz TMS 5 Hz TMS Hz rtms () TMS ( ) [3 ] 2 () TMS TMS () 1T 1 Hz 60 TMS TMS TMS ; TMS TMS TMS [ ] 2 80 % () stms TMS TMS 100 % : (1) () ( Obsessive Compulsive Disor2 10 MEP 1 Hz rtms 60 %70 % TMS ders OCD) OCD ; (2) TMS 2 ; (3) 20 Hz TMS TMS 15 ; (4) 12 TMS OCD 2 OCD TMS OCD TMS (
5 ) to therapy in psychiatry. J Clin Neurophysiol g344 stms Kahkonen S Kesaniemi M Nikouline VV et al. Ethanol mod2 ulates cortical activity : direct evidence with combined TMS and MEP EEG. Neuroimage g ptms ( ) / [18 ] 7 Garcia2Toro M Blanco C Gonzalez A et al. Psychopathology and the binding problem. Med Hypotheses g TMS 8 Weber M Eisen AA. Magnetic stimulation of the central and 2 peripheral nervous systems. Muscle Nerve g EEG/ MEG PET/ fmri 9 Cantello R. Applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation in MEP movement disorders. J Clin Neurophysiol g Cowey A Walsh V. Tickling the brain : studying visual sensa2 [3 ] tion perception and cognition by transcranial magnetic stimula2 tion. Prog Brain Res g Walsh V Rushworth M. A primer of magnetic stimulation as a tool for neuropsychology. Neuropsychologia g125 TMS fm RI 12 Gobel S Walsh V Rushworth MF. The mental number line TMS TMS and the human angular gyrus. Neuroimage g TMS 13 Sathian K Zangaladze A. Feeling with the mind s eye : con2 [19 ] tribution of visual cortex to tactile perception. Behav Brain 40 [20 ] 14 Fernandez E Alfaro A Tormos JM et al. Mapping of the hu2 man visual cortex using image2guided transcranial magnetic TMS stimulation. Brain Res Protoc g Rijntjes M WeillerC. Recovery of motor and language abilities TMS after stroke : the contribution of functional imaging. Prog Neu2 robiol g Terao Y Ugawa Y. Basic mechanisms of TMS. J Clin Neuro2 physiol g Anandan S Hotson J. Transcranial magnetic stimulation : neu2 rophysiological applications and safety. Brain Cogn g Wassermann EM Lisanby SH. Therapeutic application of repet2 itive transcranial magnetic stimulation : a review. Clin Neuro2 physiol g George MS Nahas Z Kozel FA et al. Mechanisms and state of the art of transcranial magnetic stimulation. J ECT g Lisanby SH Kinnunen LH Crupain MJ. Applications of TMS Res g Burt T Lisanby SH Sackeim HA. Neuropsychiatric applica2 tions of transcranial magnetic stimulation : a meta analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol g Daskalakis ZJ Christensen BK Fitzgerald PB et al. Tran2 scranial magnetic stimulation : a new investigational and treat2 ment tool in psychiatry. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci g Boroojerdi B. Pharmacologic influences on TMS effects. J Clin Neurophysiol g Krings T Chiappa KH Foltys H et al. Introducing navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation as a refined brain mapping methodology. Neurosurg Rev g Han JS. Acupuncture : neuropeptide release produced by elec2 trical stimulation of different frequencies. Trends Neurosci g1722.
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