A STEP IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION: Presented By. Part I Problems Underfoot EFFECTIVE SIDEWALK MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT. It Didn t Happen Overnight

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1 1 A STEP IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION: EFFECTIVE SIDEWALK MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT FINAL,Sept 6, 07 1 Presented By Overland Park, Kansas, Public Works Department Dave Bergner, Superintendent Janet Luessenheide, Engineering Technician II Michael Hale, P.E., Supervisory Civil Engineer APWA International Congress September 10, 2007 San Antonio, TX FINAL,Sept 6, 07 2 Part I Problems Underfoot It Didn t Happen Overnight FINAL,Sept 6, 07 3

2 2 Part I Common Problems Sidewalks an essential part of public infrastructure Deterioration and damage occur over time Repairs historically a low priority Competition for limited funds Deferred maintenance backlog grows do it yourself FINAL,Sept 6, 07 4 Part I Complications Potential hazards/ liability risk increase Confusion as to repair responsibility Claims and lawsuits grow ADA compliance a new mandate Focus on pedestrian safety and mobility FINAL,Sept 6, 07 5 Part I Typical Approaches Do nothing Respond only to complaints Temporary repairs only Limited permanent repairs Periodic area inspections Inspect, notify property owner to repair Inspect, share cost Inspect, agency pays all cost FINAL,Sept 6, 07 6

3 3 Part I New Pressures Increased awareness by public Seen as quality-of-life issue Affects property values FINAL,Sept 6, 07 7 Part I Overview Our City Overland Park Facts: 65 Square miles 1,700 lane miles of streets Over 800 miles of sidewalks Population 165,000 Suburban, KCMO metro Low property tax rate FINAL,Sept 6, 07 8 Part I Overland Park, Early On Engineering updated inventory annually Rapid growth north to south Initial 4-year cycle of neighborhood repairs; later extended to 10-years Most sidewalk replacements by contract ($200k per year) FINAL,Sept 6, 07 9

4 4 Part I Overland Park s Situation City Ordinance requires property owners to maintain; decision not to enforce made in late 1960 s City initially absorbed cost of repairs Sidewalk replacement funds later reduced Complaints by call-in basis,not prioritized Resident dissatisfaction grows with backlog Need for a proactive and unified strategy FINAL,Sept 6, Part I Goals and Objectives Establish a comprehensive, proactive and equitable sidewalk maintenance program: City -wide survey to accurately measure how much sidewalk and assess condition per criteria Compile in a single, accessible database Develop strategy to correct the problems in a systematic manner Focus on priority problems first and in the higher concentrations Coordinate with other programs FINAL,Sept 6, Part II The Main Questions How much sidewalk? Where are the deficiencies? FINAL,Sept 6, 07 12

5 5 Part II Basic Answers Three areas that will get those answers: Inventory Criteria Data Collection FINAL,Sept 6, Part II First Step: Inventory Created electronic database of our sidewalks using ArcMap by ESRI and aerial photos. GBA Master Series module is where the data is stored. FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Inventory Starts With Aerial with sidewalk layer FINAL,Sept 6, 07 15

6 6 Part II Inventory Software Inventory Inspection Work order FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Inventory Record Inventory Record Contains: Sidewalk ID # Address Location Length Width Date Built Summary of Inspections Summary of Work Orders FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Inventory Additions Maintaining the database New sidewalk from developer projects Subdivisions Private/Developer projects New sidewalk from PW projects Thoroughfare construction Residential in-fill by petition Residential Street Program FINAL,Sept 6, 07 18

7 7 Part II The Evaluation Criteria Needs to be simple, objective and comprehensive as possible Flexible & adaptable to changing needs Based on standards established by other agencies ( Nashville, Milwaukee, University of Wisconsin course) Field tested and refined So, what is your criteria? FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Criteria; All Cracked Up Durability or D Cracking FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Criteria; Whose Fault? Faults or Vertical Displacement FINAL,Sept 6, 07 21

8 8 Part II Criteria; The Gap Trap Gap FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Criteria: A Bad Joint Joint Spalling FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Criteria; Fractures Linear Cracking FINAL,Sept 6, 07 24

9 9 Part II Criteria; Depressing Settlement FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Criteria; Rough Stuff Surface Defects FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Data Collection Measuring Up FINAL,Sept 6, 07 27

10 10 Part II Walk The Line Begin survey in May,2004; six seasonal workers. Operate in teams of two. Program Manager trained and monitored crew. Follow Operations map; City divided into mile-sections and quarter-mile quadrants. Provides closer control and a system for logging the data. FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Walk This Way FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Data Collection Technology Then Now FINAL,Sept 6, 07 30

11 11 Part II Taking a Shot in GPS Data Collection Screen List of Distresses Cross Slope as a % Distance in L.F. of Sidewalk to be Replaced. FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Mark the Spot With GPS FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Slopinator What s That? FINAL,Sept 6, 07 33

12 12 Part II Inspection Record FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Re-Inspections Re-inspect streets and sections prior to major contract work Re-inspect on 7-year cycle Each year, 15% of sidewalk system or 10 sq. miles of Overland Park FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Work Orders FINAL,Sept 6, 07 36

13 13 Part II Grinding List FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Tracking Completed Work Repair & replacement data back into the database by way of new inspection records. Reports crews use. Program work is re-inspected by project inspectors using the Trimble units. FINAL,Sept 6, Part II Add it Up The Numbers FINAL,Sept 6, 07 39

14 14 Part II Mapping It Out GIS Mapping 2 + Faults FINAL,Sept 6, Part III Repairs Stepping Off FINAL,Sept 6, Part III Repairs; Where To Start Use the data to: identify areas of greatest need determine order / sequence of repair work track work completed FINAL,Sept 6, 07 42

15 15 Part III Repairs; The Tool Box Priority to faults (trip hazards) Three-prong approach: Temporary patch Grinding Full-slab replacement FINAL,Sept 6, Part III Repairs; A Patch In Time Patching Originally for faults of ½ +; now used when grinding and replacement not readily available Temporary; quickly mitigates hazards Concrete mixtures instead of asphalt Two-person team About 20 minutes to complete FINAL,Sept 6, Part III Repairs; Work Is A Grind Grinding for faults of ½ to 2 Machines cost about $5,000 Generally favorable acceptance by public Regarded as a permanent repair Two-person team About 20 minutes each site More than 26,000 locations FINAL,Sept 6, 07 45

16 16 Part III Repairs; Root It Out Full-slab replacement Faults over 2 and certain other problems More than 1,200 locations Focus contract on areas with highest concentration Maintenance Division crews handles others outside of the contract target area Stump grinder FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Proactive Measures What s The Problem Here? FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Regulatory Requirements Federal Regulations State statues City ordinances City resolutions Adopted manuals, i.e. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) Court cases and precedents Specifications FINAL,Sept 6, 07 48

17 17 Part IV Regulatory Requirements Title II subpart A, of the Americans with Disability Act (ADA) covers state and local governments - Enforced by the Department of Justice (DOJ) Implemented by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Civil Rights Access Board develops and maintains the minimum design ADA Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) for new construction and alterations. FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Regulatory Requirements City Policies - The Implementation of the Action Plan Follows City Ordinances and Regulations Specifications: Based on Standards and Guidelines - Sidewalk width: 4 or, 5 & 6 for a more walkable usage and up to 10 for a Hike & Bike trail Precedent: Be Consistent FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV What To Do or Not Safety FINAL,Sept 6, 07 51

18 18 Part IV A Coordinated Plan Sidewalk replacement by various sources: Annual sidewalk area replacement contract Annual street overlay program (includes curbs) Residential street reconstruction project Thoroughfare street widening projects Maintenance Division s own crews Storm sewer projects Other agencies Adjacent Cities State and County projects FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Coordination Of Effort FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV What Not To Do Down slope too steep And this is? FINAL,Sept 6, 07 54

19 19 Part IV What Not To Do For a skywalk? All or nothing FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Corner Ramps Follow Your ADA Transition Plan Wheel Chair Ramps: When & Where FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Driveways Establish Policies: Sidewalk abuts at driveway, not through a driveway Who will pay Citizen s request wrong right FINAL,Sept 6, 07 57

20 20 Part IV Be Specific Establish clear replacement guidelines: Faults (trips) greater than 1 (replace) Settlements drainage problem Cross-slope greater than 3 Gaps greater than 1 (joint seal) Joint spalling more than 2 width; loose pieces Linear cracking displacement greater than 1 Surface defects more than 25% of slab; loose pieces D cracking more than 25% of slab; loose pieces FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Be Precise Data from Inspection Inventory and Citizen Requests tracked to make sure they are not missed by the Project Manager Check for additional deterioration since last survey by your Inspector Actual quantities will increase due to practicality Difference between your criteria and the citizen s perception Budget constraints and just how you stretch it FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Preventative Measures Flowable Fill at utility cuts plus 2 year warranty Use of re-bar in a sidewalk Materials used: brick, asphalt, concrete, gravel, rubber, and maybe even mulch Concrete mix: granite, fiber, ASR additive, color Thickness may vary at location (i.e., ramp) Joint tooling & use of joint material Joint locations outside the curb returns Tree restrictions FINAL,Sept 6, 07 60

21 21 Part IV A Tree For Thee Types of trees allowed between curb and the sidewalk Work with your City Forester before, not after Tree roots Tree pruning FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Customer Service Quality Control Advance written notification to property owner Educate the homeowner on criteria Repair sprinklers within 48 hours of tear-out Grading and hydro-seed yard restoration within r.o.w. Mark-out no more than 30 days in advance Use survey card for feedback FINAL,Sept 6, Part IV Keep On Tracking Collect data with GPS to give to: Sidewalk Inventory Manager ADA Inventory Manager Document where a driveway affects the travel way FINAL,Sept 6, 07 63

22 22 Part IV Around We Go FINAL,Sept 6, Part V Summary Evaluation of program Better communications & information access Improved efficiency, effectiveness, responsiveness Enhanced public safety Quicker resolution of claims Favorable public perception Positive support from elected officials Accurate information for budgeting Esprit de crew FINAL,Sept 6, Closing Evaluations and CEUs Comments, Questions? For more information about our program contact Janet Luessenheide at , or Janet.Luessenheide@opkansas.org FINAL,Sept 6, 07 66