Expression of Nuclear Factor- B and Its Clinical Significance in Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer
|
|
- Cleopatra Wood
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Expression of Nuclear Factor- B and Its Clinical Significance in Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer Zhenfa Zhang, MD, Jianqun Ma, MD, Ni Li, PhD, Nan Sun, MD, and Changli Wang, BM Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Tian Jin Medical University, Tian Jin; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Ha Er Bin Medical University, Ha Er Bin; Department of Epidemiology, China Medical University, Shen Yang; and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Liao Ning Province, Shen Yang, China Background. It has been known that transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)- B plays an important role in cell proliferation and oncogenesis. The aims of this study were to evaluate expression levels of NF- B in nonsmallcell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to elucidate its clinical significance and prognostic value for patients with NSCLC. Methods. Using 45 tumor tissue specimens from 45 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgery, we investigated the expression of NF- B using Western blotting analysis. Apoptotic rate of NSCLC cells with different expression of NF- B was determined by TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dutp-biotin nick end-labeling) assay. Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 71 consecutive patients with NSCLC were obtained for immunohistochemical staining. Results. The expression level of NF- B in poorly or moderately differentiated lung cancer cells was higher than that in well-differentiated ones (p 0.001). The apoptotic rate was lower for lung cancer cells with higher NF- B expression than for those with lower NF- B expression (p ). Furthermore, expression of NF- B was correlated with caspase-3, cyclooxygenase-2, and p53 expression in lung cancer cells that were examined. Most NSCLC cells showed nuclear staining pattern and the nuclear positive rate was 67.6% (48 of 71 specimens). Immunohistochemical NF- B expression in patients with NSCLC was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that expression of NF- B may correlate with lung cancer differentiation. Overexpression of NF- B inhibits tumor cell apoptosis and indicates an unfavorable prognosis for overall survival in some patients with NSCLC. (Ann Thorac Surg 2006;82:243 8) 2006 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons The nuclear factor (NF)- B transcription factor has a central role in several cellular processes, including proliferation, cell adhesion, apoptosis, inflammatory response, and regulation of the immune response. Nuclear factor- B regulates genes that encode cytokines and chemokines, angiogenesis, and a lot of antiapoptotic proteins. Recently, NF- B has been implicated in the biology of cancer. Numerous cancers have been shown to display constitutive activation of NF- B. Cancers that display evidence of NF- B activation include multiple myeloma, lymphoma, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, colon cancer, and others [1]. Although considerable information about NF- B and its function has been accumulated, its behavior in nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells has not been clarified. The aims of this study were to investigate expression of NF- B and its influence on apoptosis of lung cancer cells; and to elucidate its clinical significance in NSCLC. Accepted for publication Jan 10, Address correspondence to Dr Wang, Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Tian Jin Medical University, Huan Hu Xi St, Tian Jin City, China ; wangchangli1973@yahoo.com. Material and Methods Patients Forty-five tumor tissue specimens were sampled from 45 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgery between October and December All patients were required to sign a written informed consent. Patients who received induction therapy were excluded from the study. Samples were histologically confirmed to have been obtained from tumor masses. A portion of each sample was frozen immediately after surgical resection and stored at 80 C until use. The clinicopathologic features of the specimens were assessed according to the World Health Organization classification system [2] and the tumor, lymph node, metastasis (TNM) staging system [3]. Locations and sizes of tumors were determined during operation. This patient group was used to investigate expression of NF- B by Western blotting, and the apoptotic rate of lung cancer cells by TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl- transferasemediated dutp-biotin nick end-labeling) assay. To determine the correlation between expression of NF- B and 5-year survival of lung cancer patients, we performed a retrospective immunohistochemical experiment using resected tissue blocks from patients who had undergone surgical resection 5 years before. From July to October 1999, 71 consecutive patients who underwent 2006 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons /06/$32.00 Published by Elsevier Inc doi: /j.athoracsur
2 244 ZHANG ET AL Ann Thorac Surg ROLE OF NF- B IN NSCLC 2006;82:243 8 surgery for NSCLC in the thoracic department of First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University were included in the study. The surgical procedure was a potentially curative complete resection in combination with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Patients with typical carcinoid tumor and patients who had preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy or who had palliative surgery were excluded from the study. Follow-up information was obtained from hospital case records or from a questionnaire completed by the local chest physician or general practitioner, or from death certificates. Our study was approved by the Clinical Trials Review Board of First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and by the principle investigator of every participating center. Western Blotting In brief, 100 mg frozen tissue was homogenized, and extracts were centrifuged at 10,000g for 5 minutes at 4 C to remove debris. Then, 10 L supernatant was heated in a boiling water bath for 4 minutes and subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The electrotransfer of proteins from the gel to a nitrocellulose membrane was performed for 30 minutes using a semidry transfer system (BioRad, Hercules, CA). The membrane was then soaked in 5% defatted dry milk diluted with phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.02% Tween20 to reduce nonspecific protein binding. Next, the membrane was incubated with 50 L anti NF- B antibody (NF- B p50, rabbit IgG; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc, Santa Cruz, CA) for 45 minutes at room temperature and then treated with a suitable second antibody (goat anti-rabbit IgG; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc) for 30 minutes at room temperature. Enhanced chemiluminescence analysis was performed according to the manufacture s instructions, and the image was developed in a film in a darkroom. The same membrane was subsequently probed for the detection of -actin, caspase-3, p53, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). TUNEL Staining Apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL staining using a commercially available kit (purchased from Roche Applied Science, Shang Hai, China). Cells were processed according to the manufacture s recommended protocol. Immunohistochemistry Paraffin tissue blocks were sectioned (thickness, 4 m), and immunohistochemical studies were performed on these paraffin sections using the avidin-biotinylated peroxidase complex method. In brief, sections were deparaffinized and treated with the buffer for antigen restorationin in accordance with the manufacturer s recommendation for each primary antibody. Next, sections were incubated in 0.3% H 2 O 2 in methanol for 20 minutes to quench endogenous peroxidase activity, and then treated with diluted normal blocking serum. The NF- B antibody (NF- B p50, rabbit IgG) was diluted in the antibody diluent and applied to the sections for 1 hour at room temperature. Incubation with a secondary antibody (goat anti-rabbit IgG) solution was Fig 1. Expression of nuclear factor (NF)- B in nonsmall-cell lung cancer by Western blotting. Lung cancer tissue samples were analyzed by probing with an anti NF- B polyclonal antibody. The blots were subsequently probed with anti-actin antibody as a loading control. The expression level of NF- B in each band was semiquantified by calculating the ratio of NF- B to -actin. performed for 1 hour at room temperature, after which incubation with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex for 30 minutes was performed. Peroxidase activity was visualized using diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride as the substrate, and sections were counterstained with hematoxylin. We counted 800 of the cancer cells. All immunostained sections were examined by at least two pathologists. Positive staining was defined as the presence of NF- B immunoreactivity in at least 10% of cancer cells [4]. Data Analysis Statistical analyses were performed using Student s t test to compare individual means. Correlation between NF- B and caspase-3, COX-2, and p53 was determined by bivariate correlation analysis. Survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method using the date of operation as the starting point and the date of death or last follow-up as the endpoint; patients who died of other causes without evidence of recurrent disease or who were unavailable for follow-up were censored either at the time of death or at the last follow-up. Comparisons were made with log-rank test, and the Cox proportional hazards ratio model was used to investigate the simultaneous effect of multiple predictors on survival. All tests of significance were two-sided, and differences were considered statistically significant at p values less than The SPSS software (version 10.0; SPSS, Chicago, Illinois) was used for the analysis. Results Correlation With Clinical Characteristics The Western blotting products from NF- B protein were semiquantified using -actin as an intrinsic control. The density of each band was separately converted to a numeric value by Bandleader software. The ratio of NF- Bto -actin in each case was calculated. The average NF- B/ -actin value was (Fig 1). There was no significant correlation between NF- B and patient age, sex, tumor staging, and pathologic type. Expression level of NF- B was higher in poorly and moderately differentiated cancer cells than in welldifferentiated ones (t 3.640, p 0.001; Table 1).
3 Ann Thorac Surg ZHANG ET AL 2006;82:243 8 ROLE OF NF- B IN NSCLC 245 Table 1. Expression of Nuclear Factor- B and Clinical Characteristics of Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer Factor n Mean SE t p Value Sex Male Female Age (years) Stage I II Size (cm) Location Central Peripheral Differentiation Well Moderate/poor Histology Squamous cell Others Correlation With Apoptosis A TUNEL assay was performed to determine the influence of NF- B on apoptosis of lung cancer cells. Cells were determined to be TUNEL positive by counting a total of at least 1,000 neoplastic nuclei in 10 randomly chosen fields at 400-fold magnification. Positive signals were defined as presence of a distinct brown color nuclear staining of neoplastic cells. The apoptotic index was calculated by dividing the number of TUNEL positive cells by the total number of cells in 10 random fields. The Student t test was used to test the statistical significance using the percentage of apoptosis obtained from the data in the two groups. Our experiments showed that the apoptotic rate( ) in lung cancer cells with higher NF- B expression ( , n 31) was less than that ( ) in ones with lower NF- B expression (p , data not shown), indicating that NF- B negatively affects apoptosis of lung cancer cells. Correlation With Caspase-3, p53, and COX-2 The NF- B signaling pathway and the transcription factors that it activates have emerged as critical regulators of the apoptotic response, depending on the interplay within a complex yet precisely orchestrated network of proteins [5]. In the current study, we examined a number of biomarkers of apoptosis and searched for correlations with NF- B expression. Western blotting was used to determine expressions of NF- B, caspase-3, p53, and COX-2. Bivariate correlation analysis showed significant correlation between NF- B and caspase-3, p53, and COX-2; and the Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.789, 0.825, and 0.705, respectively (all p 0.000; Fig 2). Predicting Prognosis To evaluate whether nuclear NF- B expression by immunohistochemistry (data not shown) has prognostic significance in lung cancer, we analyzed the survival of patients using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate analysis revealed that histologic type, NF- B expression, lymph node involvement, tumor differentiation, and staging were significant prognostic factors (p , p , p , p , p , respectively; Table 2). Patients with NF- B positive expression had a survival significantly shorter than those who were NF- B negative. The overall survival curve for the patients with different expression of NF- B is shown in Figure 3. Table 3 summarizes the multivariate analysis of prognostic value of prognostic factors, which were determined by univariate analysis (p 0.05), in overall survival in 71 patients. In this study, a significant value in overall survival was observed for staging (p 0.000), tumor differentiation (p 0.007), lymph node involvement (p 0.034), and NF- B expression (p 0.018). Pathologic type was not an independent prognostic factor (p 0.057). Comment The transcription factor NF- B has been implicated in the control of cell proliferation and oncogenesis [6]. Nuclear factor- B transcription factors bind to DNA as heterodimers or homodimers that are composed of five possible subunits in mouse and human (RelA/p65, c-rel, RelB, p50, and p52). These proteins mediate DNA binding, dimerization, and interactions with inhibitory factors known as inhibitor B (I- B) proteins [7]. Degradation of the I- B proteins results in the liberation of NF- B, allowing nuclear translocation and binding to cognate DNA motifs in the regulatory regions of a host of target genes. As a consequence, transcription of these genes, which are involved in immune and inflammatory responses and regulation of apoptosis, as well as in cell growth control, is induced [8]. The transcription factor NF- B is activated in a range of human cancers and is thought to promote tumorigenesis, mainly due to its ability to protect transformed cells from apoptosis [9]. Rahman and colleagues [10] demonstrated that the inactivation of NF- B activity plays important roles in mediating I3C (indole-3 carbinol) induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Exposure of NF- B in human colon carcinoma tumor cell line HCT-116 cells to betalapachone resulted in growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. After betalapachone treatment, the nuclear protein levels of NF- B and the activity of NF- B DNA binding were markedly decreased. Beta-lapachone treatment also resulted in inhibition of the transcriptional activity of NF- B luciferase reporter plasmid, suggesting that betalapachone induced apoptosis may be partly regulated through the inactivation of NF- B [11]. Denlinger and coworkers [12] suggested that the majority of NSCLC
4 246 ZHANG ET AL Ann Thorac Surg ROLE OF NF- B IN NSCLC 2006;82:243 8 Table 2. Univariate Analysis Showed Correlation Between Nuclear Factor- B and Other Factors and Prognosis of Patients With Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer Factors n Overall 5-Year Survival p Value Sex Male Female Age (years) Histology Squamous cell Others Location Central Peripheral Differentiation Good Moderate/poor Stage I II Necrosis factor- B Positive Negative Fig 2. Scatter graph for correlation between nuclear factor (NF)- B and caspase-3, p53, and COX-2. (A) Expression of NF- B and caspase-3. The linear regression equation was y x (p 0.000), and the correlation coefficient was (p 0.000). (B) Expression of NF- B and p53. The linear regression equation was y x (p 0.000), and the correlation coefficient was (p 0.000). (C) Expression of NF- B and COX-2. The linear regression equation was y x (p 0.000), and the correlation coefficient was (p 0.000). Fig 3. This chart illustrates the correlation between expression of nuclear factor (NF)- B and overall survival among patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Survival distributions were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method and were compared in a log-rank analysis ( : censored; p ). Nuclear factor- B is expressed as ratio to actin expression. Nuclear factor- B(-): median survival time, 52 months; 95% confidence interval: 48 to 55. Nuclear factor- B( ): median survival time, 20 months; 95% confidence interval: 17 to 23.
5 Ann Thorac Surg ZHANG ET AL 2006;82:243 8 ROLE OF NF- B IN NSCLC 247 Table 3. Correlation Between Nuclear Factor- B and Other Factors and Prognosis of Patients With Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer by Cox Proportional Hazards Ratio Model Factors OR 95% CI p Value Stage I II Differentiation Good Moderate/poor Lymph node Negative Positive Nuclear factor- B Positive Negative CI confidence interval; OR odds ratio. exhibits dysregulated antiapoptotic pathways involving the transcription factor NF- B. In the current study, we also found that expression of NF- B had a significant association with apoptosis in NSCLC cells, indicating that its function in development of NSCLC may be caused by its ability to inhibit apoptosis in lung cancer cells. To further elucidate its antiapoptotic role in lung cancer, we analyzed its correlation with biomarkers known to be involved in apoptosis: caspase-3, p53, and COX-2. Nonsmall-cell lung cancer cells exhibit intrinsic apoptosis resistance, while caspase-3 occupies a pivotal position in the final common pathway of apoptosis. Increasing evidence suggested that this protease was constitutively inhibited in NSCLC [13]. A subunit of NF- B, p65/rela, is cleaved at Asp(97) by caspase-3 during apoptosis. Caspase-3 cleaved p65 loses transcriptional activity and potentiates naphthoquinone (NA)- induced apoptosis, in contrast to an uncleavable mutant of p65, which protects the cell from apoptosis [14]. Our data also showed a negative correlation between NF- B and caspase-3, indicating that NF- B protection against apoptosis may be accompanied by inhibition of caspase-3 in NSCLC. The p53 gene is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. Loss of functional p53 leads to impaired responses of cancer cells to apoptosis induction and to poor prognosis in patients with certain types of cancer [15]. The p53-responsive element was predicted to be a binding site for NF-kappa B [16]. Cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression is seen in many malignancies including lung cancer. In NSCLC, COX-2 is overexpressed in most adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Elevated tumor COX-2 levels have been implicated in angiogenesis, tumor invasion, resistance to apoptosis, and suppression of antitumor immunity [17]. Cyclooxygenase-2 has an NF- B binding site on its promoter [18], and the inhibition of COX-2 expression correlated with the suppression of NF- B activity in the lung cancer cells [19]. These previous reports were consistent with our results that expression of NF- B was correlated with p53 and COX-2 in NSCLC, suggesting that many genes involved in development of lung cancer were related with the function of NF- B as a transcription factor. Our data showed that positive nuclear staining for NF- B (67.6%) by immunohistochemistry was consistent with overexpression ( ) of NF- B by Western blotting (68.9%; 31 of 45). The current trial suggested that nuclear staining for NF- B, tumor differentiation, lymph node status, and pathologic stage all showed a significant correlation with overall 5-year survival. To know whether NF- B was an independent prognostic factor, we performed multivariate analysis. Cox proportional hazard models indicated that nuclear NF- B staining was an independent predicator and portended a 2.65-fold (1/0.377) increase in the 5-year risk of death. In addition, we have demonstrated a link between nuclear localization of NF- B and tumor differentiation. Tumor staging and nodal status are important factors associated with prognosis of lung cancer patients, but we did not find clear evidence that expression of NF- B had a correlation with tumor staging and nodal status. Our results indicate that prognosis of lung cancer is very complicated and may be affected by various kinds of factors. Furthermore, the difference of the two methodology, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, may have an influence on the result of this experiment. Our results may augment our ability to predict prognosis by providing additional prognostic information independently and in addition to the current clinical factors used to predict recurrence and metastasis. These findings also may allow physicians to tailor therapeutic regiments better for their patients. By predicting those patients who have a poor prognosis, we may be able to determine better which patients require more aggressive local treatments and which of those systemic treatments. Nuclear factor- B may represent an attractive therapeutic target in a select patient group, although that remains to be determined through further studies. References 1. Veiby OP, Read MA. Chemoresistance: impact of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB inhibition by small interfering RNA. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10: Travis WD, Colby TV, Corrin B, et al. Histological typing of lung and pleural tumors. International histological classification of tumors. Geneva: World Health Organization, Mountain CF, Dresler CM. Regional lymph node classification for lung cancer staging. Chest 1997;111: Wang W, Luo H-S, Yu BP. Expression of NF-kappaB and human telomerase reverse transcriptase in gastric cancer and precancerous lesions. World J Gastroenterol 2004;10: Kucharczak J, Simmons MJ, Fan Y, et al. To be, or not to be: NF-kappaB is the answer role of Rel/NF-kappaB in the regulation of apoptosis. Oncogene 2003;22: Orlowski RZ, Baldwin AS Jr. NF-kappaB as a therapeutic target in cancer. Trends Mol Med 2002;8: Karin M, Cao Y, Greten FR, et al. NF-kappaB in cancer: from innocent bystander to major culprit. Natl Rev Cancer 2002; 2:
6 248 ZHANG ET AL Ann Thorac Surg ROLE OF NF- B IN NSCLC 2006;82: PaPa S, Zazzeroni F, Pham CG, et al. Linking JNK signaling to NF-kappa B: a key to survival. J Cell Sci 2004;117: Huber MA, Azoitei N, Baumann B, et al. NF-kappaB is essential for epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in a model of breast cancer progression. J Clin Invest 2004;114: Rahman KM, Li Y, Sarkar FH. Inactivation of akt and NF-kappaB play important roles during indole-3-carbinolinduced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Nutr Cancer 2004; 48: Choi BT, Cheong J, Choi YH. Beta-lapachone-induced apoptosis is associated with activation of caspase-3 and inactivation of NF-kappaB in human colon cancer HCT-116 cells. Anticancer Drugs 2003;14: Denlinger CE, Rundall BK, Jones DR. Modulation of antiapoptotic cell signaling pathways in non-small cell lung cancer: the role of NF-kappaB. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004;16: Fennell DA. Caspase regulation in non-small cell lung cancer and its potential for therapeutic exploitation. Clin Cancer Res 2005;11: Kang KH, Lee KH, Kim MY, et al. Caspase-3-mediated cleavage of the NF-kappa B subunit p65 at the NH2 terminus potentiates naphthoquinone analog-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2001;276: Gu J, Zhang L, Swisher SG, et al. Induction of p53-regulated genes in lung cancer cells: implications of the mechanism for adenoviral p53-mediated apoptosis. Oncogene 2004;23: Wu H, Lozano G. NF-kappa B activation of p53. A potential mechanism for suppressing cell growth in response to stress. J Biol Chem 1994;269: Sandler AB, Dubinett SM. COX-2 inhibition and lung cancer. Semin Oncol 2004;31(Suppl 7): Han SS, Kim K, Hahm ER, et al. Arsenic trioxide represses constitutive activation of NF-kappaB and COX-2 expression in human acute myeloid leukemia, HL-60. J Cell Biochem 2005;94: Yoon JM, Lim JJ, Yoo CG, et al. Adenovirus-uteroglobin suppresses COX-2 expression via inhibition of NF-kappaB activity in lung cancer cells. Lung Cancer 2005;48: INVITED COMMENTARY NF- B represents a small family of protein dimers, which when activated will act as DNA transcriptional regulators. Although originally believed to exert its regulatory effects on genes involved in immunologic and inflammatory processes, it is now understood that NF- B induces the transcription of other genes, potentially involved in oncogenesis. The end result is that NF- B activation results in the inhibition of apoptotic cascades, enhances cell proliferation, and may even promote tumor angiogenesis. In addition, the development of resistance to chemotherapeutics seems to be mediated, at least in part, by activation of NF- B. Given these specific effects of NF- B activation on DNA transcription, it is not surprising that further studies have demonstrated both increased expression and DNA binding activity of NF- B in many types of hematologic and epithelial cancers of human origin. In this regard, the current report by Zhang and colleagues [1] demonstrates that the expression of NF- B in nonsmall cell lung cancers correlates inversely with differentiation. Although no comparison with normal lung tissue is shown, NF- B levels also correlated with expression of caspase-3, cyclo-oxygenase-2, and p53 levels in these specimens. Finally, NF- B levels were an independent prognostic factor for survival in a cohort of patients resected several years earlier. Although the role of NF- B in oncogenesis is becoming clearer, translation into the clinical arena has been more problematic. Many inhibitors of this transcription factor are currently under investigation and some are being tested in clinical trials, but no reagent possesses the desired specificity to date. Future efforts regarding NF- B and lung cancer should not only focus on experimental therapeutics, but also on corroborating the findings of Zhang and colleagues [1] in the hopes that prognostication using NF- B becomes a reality. Robert J. Korst, MD Weill Medical College of Cornell University 525 East 68th St New York, NY rjk2002@med.cornell.edu Reference 1. Zhang Z, Ma J, Li N, Sun N, Wang C. Expression of nuclear factor- B and its clinical significance in non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2006;82: by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons /06/$32.00 Published by Elsevier Inc doi: /j.athoracsur
Original Article CREPT expression correlates with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma histological grade and clinical outcome
Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2017;10(2):2030-2035 www.ijcep.com /ISSN:1936-2625/IJCEP0009456 Original Article CREPT expression correlates with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma histological grade and clinical
More informationStudy on the expression of MMP-9 and NF-κB proteins in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue and their clinical value
Study on the expression of MMP-9 and NF-κB proteins in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue and their clinical value Shen Wei 1,a, Chen Juan 2, Li Xiurong 1 and Yin Jie 1 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
More informationCorrelation between expression and significance of δ-catenin, CD31, and VEGF of non-small cell lung cancer
Correlation between expression and significance of δ-catenin, CD31, and VEGF of non-small cell lung cancer X.L. Liu 1, L.D. Liu 2, S.G. Zhang 1, S.D. Dai 3, W.Y. Li 1 and L. Zhang 1 1 Thoracic Surgery,
More informationPrognostic value of visceral pleura invasion in non-small cell lung cancer q
European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery 23 (2003) 865 869 www.elsevier.com/locate/ejcts Prognostic value of visceral pleura invasion in non-small cell lung cancer q Jeong-Han Kang, Kil Dong Kim, Kyung
More informationHigh expression of fibroblast activation protein is an adverse prognosticator in gastric cancer.
Biomedical Research 2017; 28 (18): 7779-7783 ISSN 0970-938X www.biomedres.info High expression of fibroblast activation protein is an adverse prognosticator in gastric cancer. Hu Song 1, Qi-yu Liu 2, Zhi-wei
More informationCorrelation between estrogen receptor β expression and the curative effect of endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients
1568 Correlation between estrogen receptor β expression and the curative effect of endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients LIYING GUO 1, YU ZHANG 2, WEI ZHANG 3 and DILIMINA YILAMU 1 1 Department of
More informationCharacterization and significance of MUC1 and c-myc expression in elderly patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Characterization and significance of MUC1 and c-myc expression in elderly patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma Y.-J. Hu 1, X.-Y. Luo 2, Y. Yang 3, C.-Y. Chen 1, Z.-Y. Zhang 4 and X. Guo 1 1 Department
More informationPrognostic factors in curatively resected pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma
Original Article Prognostic factors in curatively resected pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma Yikun Yang 1, Yousheng Mao 1, Lin Yang 2, Jie He 1, Shugeng Gao 1, Juwei Mu 1, Qi Xue 1, Dali Wang 1,
More informationVisceral pleural involvement (VPI) of lung cancer has
Visceral Pleural Involvement in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer: Prognostic Significance Toshihiro Osaki, MD, PhD, Akira Nagashima, MD, PhD, Takashi Yoshimatsu, MD, PhD, Sosuke Yamada, MD, and Kosei Yasumoto,
More informationSuperior and Basal Segment Lung Cancers in the Lower Lobe Have Different Lymph Node Metastatic Pathways and Prognosis
ORIGINAL ARTICLES: Superior and Basal Segment Lung Cancers in the Lower Lobe Have Different Lymph Node Metastatic Pathways and Prognosis Shun-ichi Watanabe, MD, Kenji Suzuki, MD, and Hisao Asamura, MD
More informationCorrelation between survivin expression and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer
Respiratory Medicine (2006) 100, 2220 2226 Correlation between survivin expression and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer Sükran Atikcan a, Ebru Ünsal a,, Funda Demirag b, Deniz Köksal a, Aydın Yilmaz
More informationAlthough the international TNM classification system
Prognostic Significance of Perioperative Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Analysis of 1,000 Consecutive Resections for Clinical Stage I Disease Morihito Okada, MD, PhD, Wataru
More informationPrognostic Factors for Survival of Stage IB Upper Lobe Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study in Shanghai, China
www.springerlink.com Chin J Cancer Res 23(4):265 270, 2011 265 Original Article Prognostic Factors for Survival of Stage IB Upper Lobe Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study in Shanghai,
More informationEvaluation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 and Bcl-2 protein in nonsmall cell lung cancer
166 Turkish Journal of Cancer Volume 35, No.4, 2005 Evaluation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 and cl-2 protein in nonsmall cell lung cancer LEVENT DERTS Z 1, GÜLY ÖZ L M 2, LKNUR KÜKNER 2, REM
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. HOPX is hypermethylated in NPC. (a) Methylation levels of HOPX in Normal (n = 24) and NPC (n = 24) tissues from the
Supplementary Figure 1. HOPX is hypermethylated in NPC. (a) Methylation levels of HOPX in Normal (n = 24) and NPC (n = 24) tissues from the genome-wide methylation microarray data. Mean ± s.d.; Student
More informationNumber of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Resected Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Predicts Patient Survival
Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Resected Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Predicts Patient Survival Jin Gu Lee, MD, Chang Young Lee, MD, In Kyu Park, MD, Dae Joon Kim, MD, Seong Yong Park, MD, Kil Dong Kim,
More informationSupplementary Fig. 1: ATM is phosphorylated in HER2 breast cancer cell lines. (A) ATM is phosphorylated in SKBR3 cells depending on ATM and HER2
Supplementary Fig. 1: ATM is phosphorylated in HER2 breast cancer cell lines. (A) ATM is phosphorylated in SKBR3 cells depending on ATM and HER2 activity. Upper panel: Representative histograms for FACS
More informationExpression and clinical significance of ADAM17 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Expression and clinical significance of ADAM17 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma H.B. Liu, Y. Zhu, Q.C. Yang, Y. Shen, X.J. Zhang and H. Chen Department of Pathology First People s Hospital
More informationExtent of visceral pleural invasion and the prognosis of surgically resected node-negative non-small cell lung cancer
Thoracic Cancer ISSN 1759-7706 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Extent of visceral pleural invasion and the prognosis of surgically resected node-negative non-small cell lung cancer Yangki Seok 1, Ji Yun Jeong 2 & Eungbae
More informationCell Culture. The human thyroid follicular carcinoma cell lines FTC-238, FTC-236 and FTC-
Supplemental material and methods Reagents. Hydralazine was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Cell Culture. The human thyroid follicular carcinoma cell lines FTC-238, FTC-236 and FTC- 133, human thyroid medullary
More informationExpression of Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) in Lung Carcinomas and Its Correlations with Apoptosis and Angiogenesis
16 Clin Oncol Cancer Res (2009) 6: 16~20 DOI 10.1007/s11805-009-0016-z Expression of Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) in Lung Carcinomas and Its Correlations with Apoptosis and Angiogenesis Xiaoyan
More informationXiang Hu*, Liang Cao*, Yi Yu. Introduction
Original Article Prognostic prediction in gastric cancer patients without serosal invasion: comparative study between UICC 7 th edition and JCGS 13 th edition N-classification systems Xiang Hu*, Liang
More informationLung cancer pleural invasion was recognized as a poor prognostic
Visceral pleural invasion classification in non small cell lung cancer: A proposal on the basis of outcome assessment Kimihiro Shimizu, MD a Junji Yoshida, MD a Kanji Nagai, MD a Mitsuyo Nishimura, MD
More informationLow levels of serum mir-99a is a predictor of poor prognosis in breast cancer
Low levels of serum mir-99a is a predictor of poor prognosis in breast cancer J. Li 1, Z.J. Song 2, Y.Y. Wang 1, Y. Yin 1, Y. Liu 1 and X. Nan 1 1 Tumor Research Department, Shaanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital,
More informationSurgery remains the mainstay treatment for localized
Surgical Results in T2N0M0 Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Large Tumors 5 cm or Greater in Diameter: What Regulates Outcome? Yasuhiko Ohta, MD, Ryuichi Waseda, MD, Hiroshi Minato, MD, Naoki Endo,
More informationPositive nin one binding protein expression predicts poor outcome in prostate cancer
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS 11: 2671-2676, 2015 Positive nin one binding protein expression predicts poor outcome in prostate cancer JIE CHEN *, JUNKAI WANG *, XINGANG CUI, YUSHAN LIU, LEI YIN, YAO LI,
More informationPrognostic significance of nemo like kinase in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS 10: 131-136, 2014 Prognostic significance of nemo like kinase in nasopharyngeal carcinoma SIZE CHEN 1,2*, ZHIJIAN MA 3*, XUEMEI CHEN 4 and JIREN ZHANG 1 1 Department of Oncology,
More informationLung cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Prognostic Factors in 3315 Completely Resected Cases of Clinical Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Japan Teruaki Koike, MD,* Ryosuke Tsuchiya, MD, Tomoyuki Goya, MD, Yasunori Sohara,
More informationLog odds of positive lymph nodes is a novel prognostic indicator for advanced ESCC after surgical resection
Original Article Log odds of positive lymph nodes is a novel prognostic indicator for advanced ESCC after surgical resection Mingjian Yang 1,2, Hongdian Zhang 1,2, Zhao Ma 1,2, Lei Gong 1,2, Chuangui Chen
More informationIn 1989, Deslauriers et al. 1 described intrapulmonary metastasis
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Prognosis of Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Intrapulmonary Metastases Kanji Nagai, MD,* Yasunori Sohara, MD, Ryosuke Tsuchiya, MD, Tomoyuki Goya, MD, and Etsuo Miyaoka,
More informationmicrorna Presented for: Presented by: Date:
microrna Presented for: Presented by: Date: 2 micrornas Non protein coding, endogenous RNAs of 21-22nt length Evolutionarily conserved Regulate gene expression by binding complementary regions at 3 regions
More informationExpression and clinical significance of Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein 1 in breast cancer
Expression and clinical significance of Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein 1 in breast cancer L. Zhang*, W.P. Yang*, L.Y. Wu, X. Zhu and C.Y. Wei Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor
More informationAssociation of BTBD7 with Metastasis and Poor Prognosis in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients
477 Ivyspring International Publisher Research Paper Journal of Cancer 2015; 6(5): 477-481. doi: 10.7150/jca.11715 Association of BTBD7 with Metastasis and Poor Prognosis in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
More informationBasaloid Carcinoma of the Lung: A Really Dismal Histologic Variant?
Carcinoma of the Lung: A Really Dismal Histologic Variant? Dae Joon Kim, MD, Kil Dong Kim, MD, Dong Hwan Shin, MD, Jae Y Ro, MD, and Kyung Young Chung, MD Departments of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery,
More informationGenetic variability of genes involved in DNA repair influence treatment outcome in osteosarcoma
Genetic variability of genes involved in DNA repair influence treatment outcome in osteosarcoma M.J. Wang, Y. Zhu, X.J. Guo and Z.Z. Tian Department of Orthopaedics, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang,
More informationExpression of mir-1294 is downregulated and predicts a poor prognosis in gastric cancer
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2018; 22: 5525-5530 Expression of mir-1294 is downregulated and predicts a poor prognosis in gastric cancer Y.-X. SHI, B.-L. YE, B.-R. HU, X.-J.
More informationCorrelation between serum level of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 and poor prognosis in breast cancer
Correlation between serum level of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 and poor prognosis in breast cancer J.H. Sun 1, N. Fan 2 and Y. Zhang 1 1 Xianyang Hospital of Yan an University Clinical Laboratory,
More informationClinical significance of CD44 expression in children with hepatoblastoma
Clinical significance of CD44 expression in children with hepatoblastoma H.-Y. Cai 1 *, B. Yu 1 *, Z.-C. Feng 2, X. Qi 1 and X.-J. Wei 1 1 Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Beijing Military
More informationCorrespondence to: Jun-nian Zheng, * These authors contributed equally to this paper.
Decreased expression of CHIP leads to increased angiogenesis via VEGF-VEGFR2 pathway and poor prognosis in human renal cell carcinoma Chao Sun 1, 2, 4, *, Hai-long Li 1, 2, *, Hai-rong Chen 6, *, Mei-lin
More informationOriginal Article Expression of LRP16 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance and prognostic value
Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2017;10(6):6918-6923 www.ijcep.com /ISSN:1936-2625/IJCEP0053602 Original Article Expression of LRP16 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance and
More informationLYMPH NODE METASTASIS IN SMALL PERIPHERAL ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE LUNG
LYMPH NODE METASTASIS IN SMALL PERIPHERAL ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE LUNG Tsuneyo Takizawa, MD a Masanori Terashima, MD a Teruaki Koike, MD a Takehiro Watanabe, MD a Yuzo Kurita, MD b Akira Yokoyama, MD b Keiichi
More informationTHE STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CIGARETTE SMOKING AND THE p53 PROTEIN AND P21 PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN NON-SMALL LUNG CANCER
( Thmese Journal of ('ancer Research 8(3): 187-19L 1996. THE STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CIGARETTE SMOKING AND THE p53 PROTEIN AND P21 PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN NON-SMALL LUNG CANCER ZhouBaosen )~j'#:~ lleanguang
More informationHypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha and carbonic anhydrase IX overexpression are associated with poor survival in breast cancer patients
Journal of BUON 17: 663-668, 2012 2012 Zerbinis Medical Publications. Printed in Greece ORIGINAL ARTICLE Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha and carbonic anhydrase IX overexpression are associated with poor
More informationMarcel Th. M. van Rens, MD; Aart Brutel de la Rivière, MD, PhD, FCCP; Hans R. J. Elbers, MD, PhD; and Jules M. M. van den Bosch, MD, PhD, FCCP
Prognostic Assessment of 2,361 Patients Who Underwent Pulmonary Resection for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Stage I, II, and IIIA* Marcel Th. M. van Rens, MD; Aart Brutel de la Rivière, MD, PhD, FCCP; Hans
More informationClinicopathological and prognostic differences between mucinous gastric carcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma
Original Article Clinicopathological and prognostic differences between mucinous gastric carcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma Zhaode Bu, Zhixue Zheng, Ziyu Li, Xiaojiang Wu, Lianhai Zhang, Aiwen Wu,
More informationPhospho-AKT Sampler Kit
Phospho-AKT Sampler Kit E 0 5 1 0 0 3 Kits Includes Cat. Quantity Application Reactivity Source Akt (Ab-473) Antibody E021054-1 50μg/50μl IHC, WB Human, Mouse, Rat Rabbit Akt (Phospho-Ser473) Antibody
More informationCharacteristics and prognostic factors of synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinoma: A report of 52 cases
Thoracic Cancer ISSN 1759-7706 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Characteristics and prognostic factors of synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinoma: A report of 52 cases Mei Li & Zhi-xiong Lin Department of Radiation
More informationCitation Acta Medica Nagasakiensia. 1992, 37
NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Ac Title Author(s) A Study on the Expression of EGFR a Content in the Stomach Cancer Tissu Nakazaki Takayuki Citation Acta Medica Nagasakiensia. 1992 37 Issue Date 1992-12-25
More informationPleomorphic carcinoma of the lung: which CT findings predict poor prognosis?
Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung: which CT findings predict poor prognosis? Poster No.: C-1887 Congress: ECR 2015 Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: A. Fujisaki, T. Aoki, S. Kinoshita, Y. Hayashida, Y.
More informationLung Cancer in Women: A Different Disease? James J. Stark, MD, FACP
Lung Cancer in Women: A Different Disease? James J. Stark, MD, FACP Medical Director, Cancer Program and Director of Palliative Care Maryview Medical Center Professor of Medicine Eastern Virginia Medical
More informationThe effect of delayed adjuvant chemotherapy on relapse of triplenegative
Original Article The effect of delayed adjuvant chemotherapy on relapse of triplenegative breast cancer Shuang Li 1#, Ding Ma 2#, Hao-Hong Shi 3#, Ke-Da Yu 2, Qiang Zhang 1 1 Department of Breast Surgery,
More informationThe clinical significance of HPIP and the associated prognosis in cervical cancer
/, 2017, Vol. 8, (No. 41), pp: 70262-70270 The clinical significance of HPIP and the associated prognosis in cervical cancer Fanling Meng 1,*, Haixia Liu 1,*, Shuang Liu 1 and Rong Ma 1 1 Department of
More informationTitle page. Title: MicroRNA-155 Controls Exosome Synthesis and Promotes Gemcitabine Resistance in
Title page Title: MicroRNA- Controls Synthesis and Promotes Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Authors Manabu Mikamori, Daisaku Yamada, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Shinichiro Hasegawa, Tomoya
More informationC-Phycocyanin (C-PC) is a n«sjfc&c- waefc-jduble phycobiliprotein. pigment isolated from Spirulina platensis. This water- soluble protein pigment is
' ^Summary C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) is a n«sjfc&c- waefc-jduble phycobiliprotein pigment isolated from Spirulina platensis. This water- soluble protein pigment is of greater importance because of its various
More informationThe Prognostic Value of Ratio-Based Lymph Node Staging in Resected Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Original Article The Prognostic Value of Ratio-Based Lymph Node Staging in Resected Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer Chen Qiu, MD,* Wei Dong, MD,* Benhua Su, MBBS, Qi Liu, MD,* and Jiajun Du, PhD Introduction:
More informationOverexpression of long-noncoding RNA ZFAS1 decreases survival in human NSCLC patients
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2016; 20: 5126-5131 Overexpression of long-noncoding RNA ZFAS1 decreases survival in human NSCLC patients F.-M. TIAN 1, F.-Q. MENG 2, X.-B. WANG
More informationPredictive risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with small size non-small cell lung cancer
Original Article Predictive risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with small size non-small cell lung cancer Feichao Bao, Ping Yuan, Xiaoshuai Yuan, Xiayi Lv, Zhitian Wang, Jian Hu Department
More informationExpression of lncrna TCONS_ in hepatocellular carcinoma and its influence on prognosis and survival
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2017; 21: 5655-5660 Expression of lncrna TCONS_00027978 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its influence on prognosis and survival Q. CHEN 1, G.-D.
More informationThe expression and significance of tumor associated macrophages and CXCR4 in non-small cell lung cancer
JBUON 2018; 23(2): 398-402 ISSN: 1107-0625, online ISSN: 2241-6293 www.jbuon.com E-mail: editorial_office@jbuon.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE The expression and significance of tumor associated macrophages and
More informationPUMA gene transfection can enhance the sensitivity of epirubicin-induced apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells
PUMA gene transfection can enhance the sensitivity of epirubicin-induced apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells C.-G. Sun 1 *, J. Zhuang 1 *, W.-J. Teng 1, Z. Wang 2 and S.-S. Du 3 1 Department of Oncology,
More informationRatio of maximum standardized uptake value to primary tumor size is a prognostic factor in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Original Article Ratio of maximum standardized uptake value to primary tumor size is a prognostic factor in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer Fangfang Chen 1 *, Yanwen Yao 2 *, Chunyan
More informationCorrelation of pretreatment surgical staging and PET SUV(max) with outcomes in NSCLC. Giancarlo Moscol, MD PGY-5 Hematology-Oncology UTSW
Correlation of pretreatment surgical staging and PET SUV(max) with outcomes in NSCLC Giancarlo Moscol, MD PGY-5 Hematology-Oncology UTSW BACKGROUND AJCC staging 1 gives valuable prognostic information,
More informationCirculating PD-L1 in NSCLC patients and the correlation between the level of PD-L1 expression and the clinical characteristics
Thoracic Cancer ISSN 1759-7706 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Circulating PD-L1 in NSCLC patients and the correlation between the level of PD-L1 expression and the clinical characteristics Jie Zhang, Jing Gao, Yanyan
More informationEffect of ST2825 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Effect of ST2825 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells Y. Deng, J. Sun and L.D. Zhang Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military
More informationAndrogen Receptor Expression in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A New Actionable Target?
Androgen Receptor Expression in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A New Actionable Target? New Frontiers in Urologic Oncology Juan Chipollini, MD Clinical Fellow Department of Genitourinary Oncology Moffitt Cancer
More informationOnly Estrogen receptor positive is not enough to predict the prognosis of breast cancer
Young Investigator Award, Global Breast Cancer Conference 2018 Only Estrogen receptor positive is not enough to predict the prognosis of breast cancer ㅑ Running head: Revisiting estrogen positive tumors
More informationHigh Expression of Forkhead Box Protein C2 is Related to Poor Prognosis in Human Gliomas
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.24.10621 RESEARCH ARTICLE High Expression of Forkhead Box Protein C2 is Related to Poor Prognosis in Human Gliomas Yao-Wu Wang 1, Chun-Li Yin 2, Hong-Yi Zhang
More informationLayered-IHC (L-IHC): A novel and robust approach to multiplexed immunohistochemistry So many markers and so little tissue
Page 1 The need for multiplex detection of tissue biomarkers. There is a constant and growing demand for increased biomarker analysis in human tissue specimens. Analysis of tissue biomarkers is key to
More informationExpression of long non-coding RNA linc-itgb1 in breast cancer and its influence on prognosis and survival
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2017; 21: 3397-3401 Expression of long non-coding RNA linc-itgb1 in breast cancer and its influence on prognosis and survival W.-X. LI 1, R.-L.
More information(A) PCR primers (arrows) designed to distinguish wild type (P1+P2), targeted (P1+P2) and excised (P1+P3)14-
1 Supplemental Figure Legends Figure S1. Mammary tumors of ErbB2 KI mice with 14-3-3σ ablation have elevated ErbB2 transcript levels and cell proliferation (A) PCR primers (arrows) designed to distinguish
More informationImplications of Progesterone Receptor Status for the Biology and Prognosis of Breast Cancers
日大医誌 75 (1): 10 15 (2016) 10 Original Article Implications of Progesterone Receptor Status for the Biology and Prognosis of Breast Cancers Naotaka Uchida 1), Yasuki Matsui 1), Takeshi Notsu 1) and Manabu
More informationSerum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels as clinical markers for patients with lung cancer
BIOMEDICAL REPORTS 4: 609-614, 2016 Serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels as clinical markers for patients with lung cancer FARUK TAS, ELIF BILGIN, DIDEM TASTEKIN, KAYHAN ERTURK and DERYA DURANYILDIZ Department
More informationOriginal Article Effects of Skp2 expression on the recurrence and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after complete macroscopic resection
Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2016;9(6):6469-6475 www.ijcep.com /ISSN:1936-2625/IJCEP0024054 Original Article Effects of Skp2 expression on the recurrence and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after
More informationSurvival Comparison of Adenosquamous, Squamous Cell, and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung After Lobectomy
Survival Comparison of Adenosquamous, Squamous Cell, and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung After Lobectomy David T. Cooke, MD, Danh V. Nguyen, PhD, Ying Yang, MS, Steven L. Chen, MD, MBA, Cindy Yu, MD, and Royce
More informationORIGINAL PAPER. Marginal pulmonary function is associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes in lung cancer surgery
Nagoya J. Med. Sci. 79. 37 ~ 42, 2017 doi:10.18999/nagjms.79.1.37 ORIGINAL PAPER Marginal pulmonary function is associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes in lung cancer surgery Naoki Ozeki, Koji
More informationStage IB Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancers: Are They All the Same?
ORIGINAL ARTICLES: GENERAL THORACIC GENERAL THORACIC SURGERY: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery CME Program is located online at http://cme.ctsnetjournals.org. To take the CME activity related to this article,
More informationType of file: PDF Size of file: 0 KB Title of file for HTML: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures
Type of file: PDF Size of file: 0 KB Title of file for HTML: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures Supplementary Figure 1 mir-128-3p is highly expressed in chemoresistant, metastatic
More informationRoles of the AIB1 protein in the proliferation and transformation of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Roles of the AIB1 protein in the proliferation and transformation of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma L. Li 1 *, P. Wei 2 *, M.-H. Zhang 1, W. Zhang 2, Y. Ma 1, X. Fang 1, C.-L. Hao 1 and Z.-H.
More informationExpression and significance of Bmi-1 and Ki67 in colorectal carcinoma tissues
[Chinese Journal of Cancer 27:12, 568-573; December Expression 2008]; 2008 and significance Sun Yat-sen of University Bmi-1 and Cancer Ki67 in Center colorectal carcinoma tissues Clinical Research Paper
More informationAstrocyte Elevated Gene 1 (AEG-1): A Promising Candidate for Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas
DOI:10.22034/APJCP.2017.18.12.3301 RESEARCH ARTICLE Astrocyte Elevated Gene 1 (AEG-1): A Promising Candidate for Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Maryam Seyedmajidi 1, Shabnam
More informationThe BCL11A-XL expression predicts relapse in squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma
Original Article The BCL11A-XL expression predicts relapse in squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma Na Zhang 1,2, Ben-Yuan Jiang 2, Xu-Chao Zhang 2, Zhi Xie 2, Jian Su 2, Qi Zhang 2, Jie-Fei
More informationDetection and Clinical Significance of Lymph Node Micrometastasis in Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma
The Journal of International Medical Research 2012; 40: 293 299 [first published online ahead of print as 40(1) 3] Detection and Clinical Significance of Lymph Node Micrometastasis in Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma
More informationIn the mid 1970s, visceral pleural invasion (VPI) was included
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Tumor Invasion of Extralobar Soft Tissue Beyond the Hilar Region Does Not Affect the Prognosis of Surgically Resected Lung Cancer Patients Hajime Otsuka, MD,* Genichiro Ishii, MD, PhD,*
More informationCancer incidence and patient survival rates among the residents in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai between 2002 and 2006
Chinese Journal of Cancer Original Article Cancer incidence and patient survival rates among the residents in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai between 2002 and 2006 Xiao-Pan Li 1, Guang-Wen Cao 2, Qiao
More informationRCD24, B7-H4 and PCNA expression and clinical significance in ovarian cancer
JBUON 2019; 24(2): 715-719 ISSN: 1107-0625, online ISSN: 2241-6293 www.jbuon.com E-mail: editorial_office@jbuon.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE RCD24, B7-H4 and PCNA expression and clinical significance in ovarian
More informationSupplementary Materials. for Garmy-Susini, et al, Integrin 4 1 signaling is required for lymphangiogenesis and tumor metastasis
Supplementary Materials for Garmy-Susini, et al, Integrin 4 1 signaling is required for lymphangiogenesis and tumor metastasis 1 Supplementary Figure Legends Supplementary Figure 1: Integrin expression
More informationP atients with primary breast cancer have an increased risk of developing contralateral breast cancer1. When
OPEN SUBJECT AREAS: BONE METASTASES BREAST CANCER Received 23 July 2013 Accepted 19 August 2013 Published 5 September 2013 Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to C.W.D. (ducaiwen@
More informationDiagnostic and prognostic significance of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells in lung-cancer-associated pleural effusion
Received: 1 May 2016 Revised: 19 June 2016 Accepted: 10 July 2016 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12527 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Diagnostic and prognostic significance of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells
More informationTemporal Trends in Demographics and Overall Survival of Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients at Moffitt Cancer Center From 1986 to 2008
Special Report Temporal Trends in Demographics and Overall Survival of Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients at Moffitt Cancer Center From 1986 to 2008 Matthew B. Schabath, PhD, Zachary J. Thompson, PhD,
More informationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (July 2018) Vol. 72 (9), Page
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (July 2018) Vol. 72 (9), Page 5298-5303 Prognostic Value of Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Mohammad Sabry Elkady, Ghada
More informationPrognostic value of visceral pleural invasion in resected non small cell lung cancer diagnosed by using a jet stream of saline solution
Maruyama et al General Thoracic Surgery Prognostic value of visceral pleural invasion in resected non small cell lung cancer diagnosed by using a jet stream of saline solution Riichiroh Maruyama, MD Fumihiro
More informationof TERT, MLL4, CCNE1, SENP5, and ROCK1 on tumor development were discussed.
Supplementary Note The potential association and implications of HBV integration at known and putative cancer genes of TERT, MLL4, CCNE1, SENP5, and ROCK1 on tumor development were discussed. Human telomerase
More informationOlfactomedin 4 (GW112, hgc-1) is an independent prognostic marker for survival in patients with colorectal cancer
experimental and therapeutic medicine 1: 73-78, 2010 73 Olfactomedin 4 (GW112, hgc-1) is an independent prognostic marker for survival in patients with colorectal cancer NAOTSUGU SEKO 1, NAOHIDE OUE 1,
More informationExpression and Significance of GRP78 and HER-2 in Colorectal Cancer
Expression and Significance of GRP78 and HER-2 in Colorectal Cancer Qiu-xia Ji 1, Li-li Wang 2, Lin Li 3, Xiaoming Xing 2 1 Department of Pathology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China 2 Department of Pathology,
More informationVisceral Pleural Invasion Is Not Predictive of Survival in Patients With Lung Cancer and Smaller Tumor Size
GENERAL THORACIC Visceral Pleural Invasion Is Not Predictive of Survival in Patients With Lung Cancer and Smaller Tumor Size Elizabeth David, MD, Peter F. Thall, PhD, Neda Kalhor, MD, Wayne L. Hofstetter,
More informationValidation of the T descriptor in the new 8th TNM classification for non-small cell lung cancer
Original Article Validation of the T descriptor in the new 8th TNM classification for non-small cell lung cancer Hee Suk Jung 1, Jin Gu Lee 2, Chang Young Lee 2, Dae Joon Kim 2, Kyung Young Chung 2 1 Department
More informationPathologic Characteristics of Resected Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Trachea: Prognostic Factors Based on an Analysis of 59 Cases
Pathologic Characteristics of Resected Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Trachea: Prognostic Factors Based on an Analysis of 59 Cases The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share
More informationER- 36, a Novel Variant of ER-, is Expressed in ER-positive and -negative Human Breast Carcinomas
ER- 36, a Novel Variant of ER-, is Expressed in ER-positive and -negative Human Breast Carcinomas LISA M.J. LEE 1, JIANG CAO 3, HAO DENG 4, PING CHEN 3, ZORAN GATALICA 1 and ZHAO-YI WANG 1,2 1 Department
More informationTreatment outcomes and prognostic factors of gallbladder cancer patients after postoperative radiation therapy
Korean J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2011;15:152-156 Original Article Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of gallbladder cancer patients after postoperative radiation therapy Suzy Kim 1,#, Kyubo
More informationClinical significance of skipping mediastinal lymph node metastasis in N2 non-small cell lung cancer
Original Article Clinical significance of skipping mediastinal lymph node metastasis in N2 non-small cell lung cancer Jun Zhao*, Jiagen Li*, Ning Li, Shugeng Gao Department of Thoracic Surgery, National
More information