2015 AP Biology Unit #4 Quiz 1 Cell Communication, Cancer and The Cell Cycle Week of November

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1 Name: Class: Date: 2015 AP Biology Unit #4 Quiz 1 Cell Communication, Cancer and The Cell Cycle Week of November Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which statement best describes the relationship between the words cancer and tumor? a. The two terms can be used interchangeably as they are synonymous c. Cancer is a disease which affects men whereas a tumor may affect both men b. Cancer is a disease that eventually disrupts body functions whereas a tumor is a mass of cells with no apparent function in the body. and women d. Cancer is a disease of the digestive tract whereas a tumor may develop anywhere in the body 2. Normal CA-125 levels are indicated by values of 35 U/ml or less. CA-125 levels above this level would normally indicate a patient has cancer. Abby s CA-125 levels taken at two different times are indicated below. Is Abby likely to have a cyst or cancer? a. Cyst b. Cancer 3. Why does cancer primarily affect older people rather than young people? a. Because the immune system of older people is not as effective in distinguishing normal cells from cancer cells. b. Because older people have been exposed to more carcinogens. c. Because cancer develops after multiple mutations have occurred which takes years to happen. d. None of the above 1

2 Name: 4. What would you expect cells to be like if they did not have properly functioning p53? a. The absence of p53 inside cells would cause them to divide more rapidly. c. The absence of p53 could cause cells to skip mitosis (M phase) and stay in S b. The absence of p53 could cause cells to replicate with damaged DNA that could ultimately lead to cancer phase of the cell cycle. d. The absence of p53 would have no effect on the cells. 5. How do cancer cells travel through the human body? a. Cancer travels through the body by way of sexual intercourse between a healthy person and one affected by the disease c. The lymphatic system collects fluids from capillaries and with it cancer cells, which are then delivered by the b. The circulatory system only is responsible for relocating cancer cells circulatory system d. They are moved around on neurons throughout the body 6. Can surgery successfully cure a cancer that has metastasized? a. No, all body cells are dividing uncontrollably c. No, cancer cells are no longer localized in one spot b. Yes, it could remove all cells with defective cell-cycle regulation d. Yes, if the tumor is benign 7. Which is true of all cancers? a. They are caused by viruses. d. They are inherited. b. They are caused by chemical carcinogens e. They all respond in the same way to treatment c. They are caused by changes in DNA. 8. A malignant tumor is more dangerous than a benign tumor because... a. its cells are dividing faster d. its cells engulf neighboring normal tissue cells. b. it travels through the digestive tract e. its cells can acquire the capacity to invade other tissues. c. it causes neighboring cells to mutate. 9. For a cell, a mutation in a tumor suppressor gene is most like? a. A stuck accelerator c. A bad mechanic. b. Broken brakes. d. I don t know. What s an analogy? 2

3 Name: 10. In 1971, Dr. Judah Folkman suggested that a tumor cannot grow beyond 1 2 mm without new blood vessels that provide nutrients to the tumor. In the 1990s, it was discovered that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulates the formation of new blood vessels. And now we know that many cancer cells secrete high levels of VEGF. From this information, one might predict: a. Small tumors secrete more VEGF than c. Normal cells do not secrete VEGF large tumors b. Preventing VEGF production or action can stop tumors from growing d. Dr. Folkman won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine 11. Which of the following would be most likely to cause a cell to become malignant (cancer)? a. Activation of a proto-oncogene and inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene c. Inactivation of a proto-oncogene and inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene b. Activation of a proto-oncogene and activation of a tumor suppressor gene d. Inactivation of a proto-oncogene and activation of a tumor suppressor 12. When a neuron responds to a particular neurotransmitter by opening gated ion channels, the neurotransmitter is serving as which part of the signal pathway? a. receptor d. signal molecule b. relay molecule e. endocrine molecule c. transducer 13. The termination phase of cell signaling requires which of the following? a. removal of the receptor d. dissociation of the signaling molecule from the receptor b. activation of a different set of relay e. apoptosis molecules c. converting ATP to camp 14. Insulin is a signaling molecule that... a. is a ligand for a membrane receptor protein. b. is a ligand for an intracellular receptor protein. c. enters the nucleus and acts as a transcription factor. d. is a second messenger that activates camp. 15. Cortisol is a steroid signaling molecule that communicates its signal by... a. binding to a membrane receptor pretein. d. binding to mrna b. binding to an intracellular receptor e. binding to trna protein. c. binding to DNA. 16. All of the following are second messengers except; a. camp c. IP 3 b. CA 2+ d. FOXP2, a transcription factor 3

4 Name: 17. A consequence of a signaling cascade is that it... a. supplies energy to the cell c. is less susceptible to the impact of mutations. b. accelerates mrna activity d. amplifies the signaling response. 18. Receptor protein activation occurs when... a. ADP is phosphorylated into ATP c. there is a conformation change in the receptor protein. b. ADP is dehydrated into ATP d. ATP is converted into camp. 19. The following questions are based on the figure below: Which of the following types of signaling is represented in the figure? a. autocrine d. synaptic b. paracrine e. long distance c. hormonal 20. In the figure, the dots in the space between the two structures represent which of the following? a. receptor molecules d. hormones b. signal transducers e. pheromones c. neurotransmitters 21. In which stage of the cell cycle do the nucleus and its contents divide? a. synthesis b. gap 1 c. mitosis d. gap 2 4

5 Name: 22. During the gap 1 stage of the cell cycle, a cell a. splits into two new cells. b. carries out its normal functions. c. duplicates its DNA. d. divides its cytoplasm. 23. Which of the following phrases best describes cytokinesis? a. division of the cytoplasm b. division of the nucleus c. division of DNA d. division of surface area 24. Which statement is true about the rates of cell division in eukaryotes? a. They remain the same for the life of the organism. b. They are faster than that of prokaryotes. c. They increase with the age of the organism. d. They vary greatly within an organism. 25. The processes of mitosis and cytokinesis produce two identical a. daughter cells. b. strands c. chromosomes. d. chromatids. 26. The process of organizing and condensing DNA into its compact form takes place at the start of a. interphase. b. metaphase. c. mitosis. d. cytokinesis 27. During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate from each other? a. prophase b. metaphase c. anaphase d. telophase 28. Which of the following statements is true of cytokinesis? a. takes place in plant cells only b. completes the cell cycle c. organizes DNA d. occurs during prophase 29. What is the term for the programmed death of cells? a. kinase b. cyclin c. carcinogen d. apoptosis 5

6 Name: 30. What does a cell make during the synthesis stage of the cell cycle? a. more organelles b. a copy of DNA c. daughter cells d. greater surface area 31. The gap 1, gap 2, and synthesis stages of the cell cycle make up a. interphase. b. telophase. c. cytokinesis. d. mitosis. 32. Which of the following is an example of an internal factor that controls the cell cycle? a. growth factor b. kinase c. cell-cell contact d. erythropoietin 6