METABOLISM OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN PLATELETS IN RESPONSE TO STIMULI N. LIN LEUNG. Submitted tc the School of Graduate Studies
|
|
|
- Marsha Nicholson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 METABOLISM OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN PLATELETS IN RESPONSE TO STIMULI By N. LIN LEUNG A Thesis Submitted tc the School of Graduate Studies in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy M~~aster University llovember 1978
2 j '," DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY. (1978), (Medical Sciences) M~ASTER UNIVERSITY Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: Metabolism of Phospholipids in Pla~elets Response to Stimuli. in AU1'HOR: N. Lin: Leung" SUPERVISOR: '-!. Proressor l.f. ~ustard ~ER OF PAGES: it
3 AllSTRACT Platelet aggregation plays an important role in both the formation ~ of a hemostatic plug and in the generation of a thrombus. The mechanism of-platelet aggregation has not been fully elucidated. It is conceivable that changes in the synthesis, breakdown or rate of turnover of some of the constituents of the platelet membrane may be important in 'the mechanisms' of aggreiation. - ', Recent experimental evidence. in other mammalian tissaes has implicated the closed circle conversion between MPI and PA as part of the,membrane receptor-effector' interaction process. and a possible role 'permeability toward of tpi-dpi interconversion in the regulation of membrane + + Na and K. Platelets have been recognized to be ~ ust.!ful model for these studies because of its abundance in phosphoinositides anj easiness of obtai~ing pure platelet suspensions. Previous studies showed that addition of ADP to 32P_labeled washed platelets caused an increase in 'radioactivity in PA in 2 sec, DPI in 30 aec and MPI in 2-3 ~n. TPI-DPI 3' interconversion.wds suspected but consistent changes in -P-radioactivity in TPI was not detected. Similar changes were observed in platelets in response to thrombin stimulation. In none of the studies in other tissues all the metabolic pathways for inositol lipids were studied simultaneously. The aims of the present experiments were to investigate TPI-DPI interconversion and MPI metabolism during platelet aggregation and the release reaction caused by ADP, ionophore A23,187 and thrombin. Since these stimuli are considered to act on platelets by different mechanisms. their effects on the platelet phosphoinositide metabolism Were compared., Furthermore, experiments were carried out with unstimulated platelets iii
4 -. labeled with 3lp04 to find out if there vere differences in the patterns of 3lp04 incorporation into the major ~~atelet phospholipids (PC, PE, PS) uncer in vitro and in vivo conditions, as claimed by former investigators. Using improved methods for separation,of phosphoinositides, it vas found that the pattern of 3lp-incorporation into the major phospholipids in platelet suspension,vas similar to that of in vivo platelets vhen the incubstion vas carried out for many hours. Therefore, the phosphate moiety in all phospholipids turn over; but the Phoaphate in the major phospholipids turn over much more slowly than that in the phosphoinoaitides. During ADP-induced platelet aggregation, hydrolysis of TPI to DPI vas measurable at 60'sec, with a loss of P0 4, C-arach1donic acid and 3 H-inositol from TPI. This hydrolysia vas aboliahed by AMP, an inhibitor of ADP-induced aggregation. Resyn~heais of TPI occurred during platelet deaggregation, vith the 32 p04 radioactivity of thia compound being restored to the control level. With A23,187-induced aggregation and release, hydrolysis of TPI did not occur. While there vas a significant amount of MPI converted into PA, the majority of MPI appeared to be hydrolysed to fatty acid and lyso MPI. Using platelets labelled with C-arachidonic acid, H-glycerol, H-inositol, PO 4'and phosphorus assay.. it was found 'that thrombin caused a decrease in TPI (-5.64 i '1.551, P < 0.005) as early as 9 sec when platelet shape change was maximal, 32 P-content was also decreased. Resynthesis of TPI was measurable at 60 sec. Most of the MPI was metabolised via the 1,2-diacylglycerol pathway. The the amount of PA was increased. A small amount of the MPI was converted to polyphosphoinositides or lyso MPI and free fatty acid. iv
5 Theae experiments.have ahown a cloae relationship between changes in phosphoinositide metabolism and platelet aggregation and the release \ reaction. Theae principal changes are: (1) increased TPI- DPI interconversion; (~) increased conversio~ of.mfi. to l,2-diacylglycerol PA and KrI; (3) with the release reaction conversion of-mfi' to 1y60 MIl and free fatty acids. v.'
6 , TABLES OF CONTENTS vi "
7 .' TABLE OF CONTENTS' Page C1lAP'l'ER ONE. INTRODUCTION :. i PART 1. Platelets - General Review Membrane properties of platelets... '::'".~.. Membrane restraints' on laterbl mobility in 4 platelets and.in other' cells (i) Planer association of membrane components - glycoproteins ~ (ii) Protein-lipid membrane domains... 8 (iii) Peripheral membrane restraint. 10 (iv) Membrane-associated (cytoskeletal) restraints 11 ]. Response of platelets to aggregating stimuli ] (i) Platelet response to ADP. 14 (ii) Thrombin and the platelet release reaction (iii) Mechanism of thrombin-induced platelet. aggregation and the release reaction. 21 (iv) Thrombin receptors of platelets. 2] 4. Role of calcium and cyclic nucleotides in platelet fuqction PART II. Phospholipids... ]1 1. Biosynthesis ]] 2. Metabolism of major phospholipids... ]] vii
8 ~, ~ 0.- Page 3. Metabolism of phosphatia1c acid and phosphoin~ ositides,~ Biological significance of.phospholipids... S3 (i) Effect of phospholipid composition 0'\ the (ii) membrane function Effect of phospholipid distribution on, membrane function S4 S7 PART III. Aims "f Study CHAPTER TWO. MATERIALS AND METHODS S A. Materials B. Methods... : Experiment A. In vitro and in vivo incorporation of P-orthophosphate into platelet phospholipids Preparation of platelet suspensions , 2. Animal studies : Lipid extraction Thin layer chromatography Liquid scintillation counting Phoaphorus assay Recovery of. phospholipids ::.. 80 Experiment B. Changes of isotopic labellings in phosphatidic acid and phosphoinositides of rabbit platelets in response to ADP viii
9 ": ' \:,,, Page 1. Preparation of platelet suspension I ncorporati on of 32P04 into!pi of pl~telets I ncorporati on of 32P04 into adenosine triphos- phate of platelets (a). Aggregation studies (b). Inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by AMP Lipid extraction and thin layer chromatography Liquid scintillation counting \ StatisFical analysis, Experiment C. Comparison of changes in isotopically labelled phosphatidic acid and the phosphoinositides of p\atelet in response to ionophore A23,187 and ADP Preparation of ~latelet suspension and thrombindegranulated platelets Aggregation studies Extraction of phospholipids and analysis.. 89 Experiment D. Early degradation of monophosphoinositide and triphosphoinositide of platelets in response to thrombin stimulation Labelling of phospholipids and analysis. ''''.''UO~O::.'H.HHHH.. H.H..HH
10 Page 3. Extraction and separatianof 1ipids Phosphorus as'!ay C. COllllDents on Methods Extraction of phospholipids from platelets aeparation of phospholipids by thin layer chromatography CHAPTER THREE. EXPERIMENT A.' In'vitro and in vivo incorporation of 32 P-orthophosphate into platelet phospholipids Introduction _ Results Discussion CHAPTER FOUR. EXPERIMENT B , Changes of isotopic labellings of phosphatidic acid and.. phosphoinositides of rabbit platelets in response to AD? Introduction Results Discussion 139 CHAPTER FIVE. EXPERIMENT C x
11 '. Page Comparison of changes ~ isotopically labelled phosphatidic acid and phosphoinositides of platelets in response to ionophore A23,187 and ADP L Introduction Results Discussion ~ " CHAPTER SIX. EXPERIMENT D Early degradation of monophosphoinositide and triphosphoinositide of platelets in response to thrombin stimulation " L' Introduction Results Discussion CHA1'TER SEVEN. GENERAL DISCUSSION I. Turnover of phospholipids in unstimulated platelets 200 L Incorporation of 32 P-orthophosphate Incorporation of Incorporation of II. Phosphatidic acid a~d 3 H-g1yceroL. 14. C-arachidonic acid phosphoinositide metaboli~ in platelets in response to stimuli /., xi '... "",.'
12 Page 1. ADP-induced TPI-DPI interconversion and.. platelet ADP-receptors Thrombin-induced TPI-DPI interconversion and platel~t thrombin-receptors Metabolism of MPI and response of platelets to A23,187 and thrombin Biological significance ~f MPI hydrolysis and TPI-DPI interconversion in platelet shape change and aggregation SUMMARY REFERENCES xii
13 LIST OF TABLES Page I. Comparison of the percentage distribution of phosphorus among five phospholipids in the present study with other published values for platelets II. Amounts of PA, MPI, DPI and '!PI in washed platelets from rabbit ~ III. Incorporation of P-orthophosphate into phospholipids ? IV. 'Effect of second addition of ADP on the -P-content of phosphoinositides and phosphatidic acid V. Inhibitory effect of AMP on ADP-induced changes in 32p_ labelling of phosphoinositides and phosphatidic acid in rabbit platelets VIa. Specific radioactivity of 14C-arachidonic acid in PA and the:phosphoinositides of unsaturated washed rabbit platelets Vlb. Reduction of MPI in platelets in response to A23, VII. Effect of ionophore A23,187 on the 1-14C-arachidonic acid labelling in PA and phosphoinositides in the presence ++ and absence of external Ca V~I.Distribution of radioactivity of 32P C-arachidonic acid, 2-3 H-glycerol and 2-3 H-inositol in platelet phospholipids xiii
14 IX C-arachidonic acid labelling in the major phospholipids and di- and tri-acylglycerol of rabbit Page.' :' platelets stimulated with thrombin.. : X. Changes in the amount of phosphorus of DPI and!"pi nine s~nds following addition of thrombin to the platelet suspension XI. XII. Platelet PA and phosphoinositides in response to thrombin Changes in 1- C-arachidonic acid labelling in platelet XIII. PA,and phosphoinositides in response to thrombin... 3 Changes in 2- H-glycerol labelling in platelet PA and 186 XIV. xv. phosphoinositides in response to thrombin Changes in 2- H-inositol labelling in platelet PA and phosphoinositides in response to thrombin Changes in 3~,- -P-labelling in platelet PA and'phosphoinositides in response to thrombin ;":VI., 3~ % changes of -P0 4 -radioactivity of PA and phosphoinositides of platelets in response to low concentration of thrombin xiv
15 J LIST OF FIGURES (' Page 1. Structures of phospholipids Biosynthesis pathways of phospholipids... : (a). Major metabolic pathways of phospholipids (b). Metabolic pathways of phosphatidic acid and phosphoinositides One dimensional TLC separation of TPI, DPI (a). TVo dimensional TLC separation of phospholipids (b). X-ray film of cwo dimensional TLC separation of phospholipids ; , In vitro incorporation of 32p04 into phospholipids of rabbit platelets... In vitro incorporation of 32 P0 into phospholipids of 4 human plateiets. In vivo incorporation of 3' -P0 into phospholipids of 4 rabbit platelets. Percentage distribution of 32 P0 in rabbit platelet 4 phospholipids in vitro :-. Percentage distribution of 32 P0 in human platelet 4 phospholipids in vitro. Percentage distribution of 32 P0 4 in rabbit platelet 10c phospholipids in vivo \
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
Phospholipids Metabolism
Chapter VI: Phospholipids Metabolism Dr. Sameh Sarray Hlaoui Phospholipids Features: Amphipatic: - Hydrophobic head: fatty acids - Hydropholic head: P group+ alcohol Composed of alcohol attached by a phosphodiester
Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry
Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry Edited by H.F. Linskens and J.F. Jackson Contributors R.S. Bandurski G. Combaut A.Ehmann P.Hedden B.Janistyn H.Kameoka H.Kodama D.V.Lynch J.K.MacLeod H.Nyberg L.M.S.Palni
Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy and Physiology For The First Class 2 nd Semester Thrombocytes = Platelets Thrombocytes = Platelets Blood platelets are non-nucleated disc like cell fragments 2-4 µm in diameter. Platelets are not
Primary Exam Physiology lecture 5. Haemostasis
Primary Exam Physiology lecture 5 Haemostasis Haemostasis Body s response for the prevention and cessation of bleeding. Broadly consists of: Primary Haemostasis - vascular spasm and platlet plug formation
Lipid Analysis ISOLATION, SEPARATION, IDENTIFICATION AND. Bridgwater, England LIPIDOMIC ANALYSIS. Fourth Edition. Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland
Lipid Analysis ISOLATION, SEPARATION, IDENTIFICATION AND LIPIDOMIC ANALYSIS Fourth Edition WILLIAM W.CHRISTIE MRS Lipid Analysis Unit, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Dundee, Scotland Invergowrie, and
DISCUSSION. Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Virginia Richmond, Virginia 23298
DISCUSSION Summarized by Ronald P. Rubin Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Virginia Richmond, Virginia 23298 Discussion of the papers in this session focused on the breakdown of phosphoinositides
Chapter 26 Biochemistry 5th edition. phospholipids. Sphingolipids. Cholesterol. db=books&itool=toolbar
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez? db=books&itool=toolbar 1 The surface of a soap bubble is a bilayer formed by detergent molecules 2 Chapter 26 Biochemistry 5th edition phospholipids Sphingolipids
DEVELOPMENT OF TERNARY PHASE DIAGRAM: OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF WATER/TAPIOCA STARCH/TRITON X-100 LIQUID CRYSTAL
DEVELOPMENT OF TERNARY PHASE DIAGRAM: OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF WATER/TAPIOCA STARCH/TRITON X-100 LIQUID CRYSTAL By Muhd Fazreel B Muhammad Rosli A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment
Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids
Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids Fatty acid biosynthesis takes place in the cytosol rather than the mitochondria and requires a different activation mechanism and different enzymes and coenzymes than fatty
Lecture Sixteen: METABOLIC ENERGY: [Based on GENERATION Chapter 15
Lecture Sixteen: METABOLIC ENERGY: [Based on GENERATION Chapter 15 AND STORAGE Berg, (Figures in red are for the 7th Edition) Tymoczko (Figures in Blue are for the 8th Edition) & Stryer] Two major questions
Chapter 2 Part 3: Organic and Inorganic Compounds
Chapter 2 Part 3: Organic and Inorganic Compounds Objectives: 1) List the major groups of inorganic chemicals common in cells. 2) Describe the functions of various types of inorganic chemicals in cells.
NITROGEN BALANCE AND LEUCINE KINETIC APPROACHES TO THE EXAMINATION OF PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS AND PROTEIN METABOLISM IN RESISTANCE ATHLETES
NITROGEN BALANCE AND LEUCINE KINETIC APPROACHES TO THE EXAMINATION OF PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS AND PROTEIN METABOLISM IN RESISTANCE ATHLETES By HARK A. TARNOPOLSKY, BPE., MD. A Thesis Submitted to the ~chool
Blood clotting. Subsequent covalent cross-linking of fibrin by a transglutaminase (factor XIII) further stabilizes the thrombus.
Blood clotting It is the conversion, catalyzed by thrombin, of the soluble plasma protein fibrinogen (factor I) into polymeric fibrin, which is deposited as a fibrous network in the primary thrombus. Thrombin
Instruments smart solutions & service IGZ Instruments AG Räffelstrasse 32 CH 8045 Zürich
ADP (Adenosine-5 -Diphosphate) 101312 3 x 0.5mL ADP is a lyophilized preparation of adenosine-5 -diphosphate. The working concentration of the reconstituted reagent is 2 x 10-4 M. ADP is for use in routine
PHM142 Lecture 4: Platelets + Endothelial Cells
PHM142 Lecture 4: Platelets + Endothelial Cells 1 Hematopoiesis 2 Platelets Critical in clotting - activated by subendothelial matrix proteins (e.g. collagen, fibronectin, von Willebrand factor) and thrombin
! Club!Council!Meeting!Minutes!
! Club!Council!Meeting!Minutes! The!Student!Union!South!Cafeteria!!1:00!pm! September!5,!2014! A) CALL!TO!ORDER!1:11pm! B) APPROVAL!OF!AGENDA!! I) JT!moved!to!add!Stacey!Lucason!and!Zac!Clark!to!the!agenda;!seconded!by!OCF.!!No!objections,!
PHOSPHOLIPIDS METABOLISM. BY Dr. Walid Said Zaki Dr. Marwa Ali LECTURER OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
PHOSPHOLIPIDS METABOLISM BY Dr. Walid Said Zaki Dr. Marwa Ali LECTURER OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1. State the definition and classification of Phospholipids. 2. Describe the general structure
The Structure and Function of Biomolecules
The Structure and Function of Biomolecules The student is expected to: 9A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic
Microbial Physiology Fall, 2010 MICRO-3445
Microbial Physiology Fall, 2010 MICRO-3445 Objective: This course is designed to provide the student with a foundation of physiology and biochemistry of bacteria, including the growth, division, adaptation,
Opinion on the safety assessment of phospholipds obtained from egg yolk as food produced using a new process
EUROPEAN COMMISSION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL XXIV CONSUMER POLICY AND CONSUMER HEALTH PROTECTION Directorate B - Scientific opinions on health matters Unit B3 - Management of scientific committees II SCIENTIFIC
List of Figure. Figure 1.1. Selective pathways for the metabolism of arachidonic acid
List of Figure Figure 1.1. Selective pathways for the metabolism of arachidonic acid Figure 1.2. Arachidonic acid transformation to ω and ω-1 hydroxylase 14 19 reaction mediated by cytochrome P450 enzyme
Elsamani Ismail Abdelfadiel. All Rights Reserved
Elsamani Ismail Abdelfadiel All Rights Reserved i INVESTIGATION OF ANTICOAGULATION PROPERTIES OF SULFATED GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN MIMETICS A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
Lipids and Membranes
Lipids and Membranes Presented by Dr. Mohammad Saadeh The requirements for the Pharmaceutical Biochemistry I Philadelphia University Faculty of pharmacy Membrane transport D. Endocytosis and Exocytosis
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere
Molecular Organization of the Cell Membrane
Molecular Organization of the Cell Membrane A walk from molecules to a functional biostructure Cell Membrane Definition An ultrastructure separating connecting the cell to the environment 1 Coarse chemical
The Endocrine System. I. Overview of the Endocrine System. II. Three Families of Hormones. III. Hormone Receptors. IV. Classes of Hormone Receptor
The Endocrine System I. Overview of the Endocrine System A. Regulates long term metabolic processes B. Releases hormones from endocrine cells 1. Hormones are chemicals 2. Alter metabolism of cells 3. Release
BCM 221 LECTURES OJEMEKELE O.
BCM 221 LECTURES BY OJEMEKELE O. OUTLINE INTRODUCTION TO LIPID CHEMISTRY STORAGE OF ENERGY IN ADIPOCYTES MOBILIZATION OF ENERGY STORES IN ADIPOCYTES KETONE BODIES AND KETOSIS PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX
Diagnosis of hypercoagulability is by. Molecular markers
Agenda limitations of clinical laboratories to evaluate hypercoagulability and the underlying cause for thrombosis what is the INR the lupus anticoagulant and the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome hassouna
Thin layer absorption chromatography can achieve very good separation of small lipid samples
Abbreviations Preface Acknowledgements Lipids: definition, isolation, separation and detection p. 1 Introduction p. 1 Definitions p. 1 Structural chemistry and nomenclature p. 1 Extraction of lipids from
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY VARIABLES AND WORK PERFORMANCE OF CREDIT CONTROLLERS IN A BANK OLGA COETZEE
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY VARIABLES AND WORK PERFORMANCE OF CREDIT CONTROLLERS IN A BANK by OLGA COETZEE submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF COMMERCE
Bioenergetics. Chapter 3. Objectives. Objectives. Introduction. Photosynthesis. Energy Forms
Objectives Chapter 3 Bioenergetics Discuss the function of cell membrane, nucleus, & mitochondria Define: endergonic, exergonic, coupled reactions & bioenergetics Describe how enzymes work Discuss nutrients
Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Blood clotting (HAP unit 5 th )
Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis Blood clotting (HAP unit 5 th ) Vessel injury Antithrombogenic (Favors fluid blood) Thrombogenic (Favors clotting) 3 Major systems involved Vessel wall Endothelium ECM
Test Bank for Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry 5th Edition by Nelson
Test Bank for Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry 5th Edition by Nelson Link download full: http://testbankair.com/download/test-bank-forlehninger-principles-of-biochemistry-5th-edition-by-nelson/ Chapter
2402 : Anatomy/Physiology
Dr. Chris Doumen Lecture 2 2402 : Anatomy/Physiology The Endocrine System G proteins and Adenylate Cyclase /camp TextBook Readings Pages 405 and 599 through 603. Make use of the figures in your textbook
Lecture 15. Signal Transduction Pathways - Introduction
Lecture 15 Signal Transduction Pathways - Introduction So far.. Regulation of mrna synthesis Regulation of rrna synthesis Regulation of trna & 5S rrna synthesis Regulation of gene expression by signals
Effect of phospholipase-d on rat kidney mitochondria*
J. Biosci., Vol. 1, Number 1, March 1979, pp. 75 82. Printed in India. Effect of phospholipase-d on rat kidney mitochondria* S. N. A. ZAIDI, A. C. SHIPSTONE and N. K. GARG Division of Biochemistry, Central
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES REVIEW-UNIT 1 1. The factor being tested in an experiment is the A. data. B. variable. C. conclusion. D. observation. 2.
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES REVIEW-UNIT 1 1. The factor being tested in an experiment is the A. data. B. variable. C. conclusion. D. observation. 2. A possible explanation for an event that occurs in nature is
Ch. 45 Blood Plasma proteins, Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Student Learning Outcomes: Describe basic components of plasma
Chapt. 45 Ch. 45 Blood Plasma proteins, Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Student Learning Outcomes: Describe basic components of plasma Inheritance of X-linked gene for Factor VIII hemophilia A Explain the
MEMBRANE LIPIDS I and II: GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS AND SPHINGOLIPIDS
December 6, 2011 Lecturer: Eileen M. Lafer MEMBRANE LIPIDS I and II: GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS AND SPHINGOLIPIDS Reading: Stryer Edition 6: Chapter 26 Images: All images in these notes were taken from Lehninger,
SEEDS. Physiology of Development and Germination. J. Derek Bewley
SEEDS Physiology of Development and Germination J. Derek Bewley Plant Physiology Research Group Department of Biology University of Calgary Calgary, Alberta, Canada and Michael Black Department of Biology
K Depolarization and Phospholipid Metabolism in Frog Sartorius Muscle
Gen. Physiol. Biophys. (1983), 2, 329 337 329 K Depolarization and Phospholipid Metabolism in Frog Sartorius Muscle I. NOVOTNÝ, F. SALEH and R. NOVOTNÁ Department of General Physiology, Charles University,
WHITE PAPERS PRESENTATION VIDEO DOCUMENTATION EXPERIMENT WO NDCLOT. The WoundClot Principals for Effective Bleeding Control PRESENTATION
WHITE PAPERS PRESENTATION VIDEO DOCUMENTATION EXPERIMENT ARTICLES OUR STUDY BLEEDING CONTROL 5 POINT MODEL WO NDCLOT The WoundClot Principals for Effective Bleeding Control PRESENTATION Harnessing SCIENCE
Part IV Antithrombotics, Anticoagulants and Fibrinolytics
Part IV Antithrombotics, Anticoagulants and Fibrinolytics "The meaning of good and bad, of better and worse, is simply helping or hurting" Emerson Chapter 16: Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolytic System
Metabolism III. Aim: understand gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, photosynthesis and amino acid synthesis
Metabolism III Aim: understand gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, photosynthesis and amino acid synthesis Anabolism From a carbon source and inorganic molecules, microbes synthesize new organelles
A Study of Non-Newtonian Viscosity and Yield Stress of Blood. in a Scanning Capillary-Tube Rheometer. A Thesis. Submitted to the Faculty
A Study of Non-Newtonian Viscosity and Yield Stress of Blood in a Scanning Capillary-Tube Rheometer A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University by Sangho Kim in partial fulfillment of the requirements
Signal Transduction Pathways. Part 2
Signal Transduction Pathways Part 2 GPCRs G-protein coupled receptors > 700 GPCRs in humans Mediate responses to senses taste, smell, sight ~ 1000 GPCRs mediate sense of smell in mouse Half of all known
Chapter 8. Functions of Lipids. Structural Nature of Lipids. BCH 4053 Spring 2001 Chapter 8 Lecture Notes. Slide 1. Slide 2.
BCH 4053 Spring 2001 Chapter 8 Lecture Notes 1 Chapter 8 Lipids 2 Functions of Lipids Energy Storage Thermal Insulation Structural Components of Membranes Protective Coatings of Plants and Insects Hormonal
This slide belongs to iron lecture and it is to clarify the iron cycle in the body and the effect of hypoxia on erythropoitein secretion
This slide belongs to iron lecture and it is to clarify the iron cycle in the body and the effect of hypoxia on erythropoitein secretion Topics of today lectures: Hemostasis Meaning of hemostasis Mechanisms
Signal Transduction Cascades
Signal Transduction Cascades Contents of this page: Kinases & phosphatases Protein Kinase A (camp-dependent protein kinase) G-protein signal cascade Structure of G-proteins Small GTP-binding proteins,
Introduction to Metabolism Cell Structure and Function
Introduction to Metabolism Cell Structure and Function Cells can be divided into two primary types prokaryotes - Almost all prokaryotes are bacteria eukaryotes - Eukaryotes include all cells of multicellular
BIOB111_CHBIO - Tutorial activity for Session 12
BIOB111_CHBIO - Tutorial activity for Session 12 General topic for week 6 Session 12 Lipids Useful Links: 1. Animations on Cholesterol (its synthesis, lifestyle factors, LDL) http://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/cholesterol/cholesterol.htm
Mass Spectrometry based metabolomics
Mass Spectrometry based metabolomics Metabolomics- A realm of small molecules (
Physiology Unit 1 CELL SIGNALING: CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS
Physiology Unit 1 CELL SIGNALING: CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS In Physiology Today Cell Communication Homeostatic mechanisms maintain a normal balance of the body s internal environment
Cell Injury MECHANISMS OF CELL INJURY
Cell Injury MECHANISMS OF CELL INJURY The cellular response to injurious stimuli depends on the following factors: Type of injury, Its duration, and Its severity. Thus, low doses of toxins or a brief duration
Anabolism of Fatty acids (Anabolic Lynen spiral) Glycerol and Triglycerides
Anabolism of Fatty acids (Anabolic Lynen spiral) Glycerol and Triglycerides Anabolism of fatty acids Fatty acids are not stored in the body free. They are a source of energy in the form of triglycerides
BILATERAL BREAST CANCER INCIDENCE AND SURVIVAL
BILATERAL BREAST CANCER INCIDENCE AND SURVIVAL Kieran McCaul A thesis submitted for fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Discipline of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences
Chemistry 1120 Exam 4 Study Guide
Chemistry 1120 Exam 4 Study Guide Chapter 12 12.1 Identify and differentiate between macronutrients (lipids, amino acids and saccharides) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). Master Tutor Section
Graduate Survey - May 2014 (Human Services)
1a. To earn an Associate Degree, Diploma, or Certificate 1b. To prepare for getting a new job Yes 10 100.00 Yes 6 60.00 Missing 0 0.00 Missing 4 40.00 1c. To improve existing job skills 1d. To transfer
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2 Carbohydrates are Polymers of Monosaccharides Three different ways to represent a monosaccharide Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are sugars and starches and provide
Table of contents. Author's preface. Part 1: Structure and function of enzymes
Author's preface xvii Part 1: Structure and function of enzymes 1 An introduction to enzymes 1.1 What are enzymes 3 1.2 A brief history of enzymes 3 1.3 The naming and classification of enzymes 4 1.3.1
I. Fluid Mosaic Model A. Biological membranes are lipid bilayers with associated proteins
Lecture 6: Membranes and Cell Transport Biological Membranes I. Fluid Mosaic Model A. Biological membranes are lipid bilayers with associated proteins 1. Characteristics a. Phospholipids form bilayers
Sarah Jaar Marah Al-Darawsheh
22 Sarah Jaar Marah Al-Darawsheh Faisal Mohammad Receptors can be membrane proteins (for water-soluble hormones/ligands) or intracellular (found in the cytosol or nucleus and bind to DNA, for lipid-soluble
Chapter 12 Nutrition
Chapter 12 Nutrition Nutrients macronutrients: large required daily quantities carbohydrates, lipids, proteins micronutrients: small required daily quantities vitamins, minerals Also required: water and
Metabolism of Exogenous Palmitic and Oleic Acids by Preimplantation Mouse Embryos
J. Mamm. Ova Res. Vol. 16, 10 15, 1999 10 Metabolism of Exogenous Palmitic and Oleic Acids by Preimplantation Mouse Embryos Gongjin Wang 1, 2 and Hirotada Tsujii 1 * 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology,
Lecture 3 6/28/10. Membrane Lipids. Importance of Membranes. Categories of Lipids. Lipids: Chapter 20 Sections 4-7. ! Membranes are important in
Lecture 3 Lipids: Chapter 20 Sections 4-7! The most polar lipids are found in the membranes of cells and organelles! Why?! These lipids are amphipathic! Membranes are complex and have many components Membrane
REVIEW ARTICLE THE PROSTANOIDS IN HEMOSTASIS AND THROMBOSIS
REVIEW ARTICLE THE PROSTANOIDS IN HEMOSTASIS AND THROMBOSIS THE PROSTANOIDS IN HEMOSTASIS AND THROMBOSIS Introduction... 743 Effects of the Prostanoids... 744 Effects on Vascular Smooth Musclẹ... 744 Effects
Phospholipids and their metabolism
Phospholipids and their metabolism D. GOMPERTZ J. clin. Path., 26, suppl. (Ass. Clin. Path.), 5, -16 From the Departments of Medicine and Chemical Pathology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London Phospholipids
Nebal Al - Gallab. Shatha Al - Jabri. Mamoon Ahram
10 Nebal Al - Gallab Shatha Al - Jabri Mamoon Ahram Note: the doctor showed extra examples, they were in the slides, you can refer to them... Naming of Fatty Acids - 1 st Method ( IUPAC system ) We start
UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY. How do we measure vulvar pain? Objective measurement of a subjective parameter. Magali Berthe Marie Therese Colette Robert
UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY How do we measure vulvar pain? Objective measurement of a subjective parameter by Magali Berthe Marie Therese Colette Robert A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES
Vascular reactivity in sepsis and platelet dysfunction in septic shock
Vascular reactivity in sepsis and platelet dysfunction in septic shock Benjamin Reddi Discipline of Physiology School of Medical Science University of Adelaide Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor
Regulation of Enzymatic Activity. Lesson 4
Regulation of Enzymatic Activity Lesson 4 Regulation of Enzymatic Activity no real regulation: - regulation of enzyme expression and turnover - control of enzyme trafficking - supply of cofactors real
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA. Materials and Methods
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Materials and Methods HPLC-UV of phospholipid classes and HETE isomer determination. Fractionation of platelet lipid classes was undertaken on a Spherisorb S5W 150 x 4.6 mm column (Waters
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling through LPA1 in organ fibrosis: A pathway with pleiotropic pro-fibrotic effects. and Andrew M.
78 Special Issue: Cellular and Molecular Bases for Fibrotic Diseases Review Article Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling through LPA1 in organ fibrosis: A pathway with pleiotropic pro-fibrotic effects
Lipid Analysis. Andréina Laffargue, IRD CRYMCEPT Montpellier workshop, October 17th Introduction to lipid structures
Lipid Analysis Andréina Laffargue, IRD CRYMCEPT Montpellier workshop, October 17th 2005 Introduction to lipid structures Fatty acids Acylglycerols Glycerophospholipids Sterols Strategies involved in lipid
Photochemical Applications to the Study of Complexity Phospholipid Bilayer Environments
Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2006 Photochemical Applications to the Study of Complexity Phospholipid Bilayer Environments Christopher John
A dissertation by. Clare Rachel Watsford
Young People s Expectations, Preferences and Experiences of Seeking Help from a Youth Mental Health Service and the Effects on Clinical Outcome, Service Use and Future Help-Seeking Intentions A dissertation
AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN VERBAL, VISUAL. AND SPATIAL MEMORY: The Same or Different?
i AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN VERBAL, VISUAL AND SPATIAL MEMORY: The Same or Different? Thesis submitted by Rhonda M Shaw (B.Psych [Hons]) February 1 2007 For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere
The main biological functions of the many varied types of lipids include: energy storage protection insulation regulation of physiological processes
Big Idea In the biological sciences, a dehydration synthesis (condensation reaction) is typically defined as a chemical reaction that involves the loss of water from the reacting molecules. This reaction
Hemostasis. Learning objectives Dr. Mária Dux. Components: blood vessel wall thrombocytes (platelets) plasma proteins
Hemostasis Learning objectives 14-16 Dr. Mária Dux Components: blood vessel wall thrombocytes (platelets) plasma proteins Hemostatic balance! procoagulating activity anticoagulating activity 1 Thrombocytes
Propagation of the Signal
OpenStax-CNX module: m44452 1 Propagation of the Signal OpenStax College This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 By the end of this section,
Enzymatic Degumming Processes for Oils from Soya, Rape and Sun. Dr.-Ing. Ernst W. Münch
Enzymatic Degumming Processes for s from Soya, Rape and Sun Date: September, 00 Degumming processes Enzyme reaction and Enzymes Different steps of the enzymatic process Process for Rape and Soya Process
number Done by Corrected by Doctor
number 25 Done by موسى صبح Corrected by عبد الرحمن الحنبلي Doctor فيصل الخطيب 1 P a g e Introduction The subject of this lecture is glycerophospholipids also known as phosphoglyceridesor phosphoacylglycerols,
INHIBITION OF POLYPHOSPHOINOSITIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE BY AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTICS*
Neurochemical Research, Vol. 10, No. 8, 1985, pp. 1019-1024 INHIBITION OF POLYPHOSPHOINOSITIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE BY AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTICS* Lvcxo A. A. VAN ROOIJEN 1 AND BERNARD W. AGRANOFF 2 Neuroscience
Poly-unsaturated phospholipids WE (FA18:1) A B C D OAHFA 18:1/24:0 OAHFA 18:1/30:2 PS 38:4 C18:1C23:0 OAHFA 18:1/25:0 OAHFA 18:1/30:1
Figure S1, related to Figure 1. Correlation scatter plots illustrating individual lipid species from various classes that exhibited statistically significant correlations to age. (A-B) Various species
Prostaglandins and related substances a practical approach
O Prostaglandins and related substances a practical approach Edited by c Benedetto Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universita di Torino, Via Ventimiglia 3, Torino 10126, Italy R C McDonald-Gibson
Biological Molecules
Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological Molecules Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent
UNIT VI. Chapter 37: Platelets Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation Presented by Dr. Diksha Yadav. Copyright 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
UNIT VI Chapter 37: Platelets Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation Presented by Dr. Diksha Yadav Hemostasis: Prevention of Blood Loss Vascular constriction Formation of a platelet plug Formation of a blood
Introduction! Introduction! Introduction! Chem Lecture 10 Signal Transduction & Sensory Systems Part 2
Chem 452 - Lecture 10 Signal Transduction & Sensory Systems Part 2 Questions of the Day: How does the hormone insulin trigger the uptake of glucose in the cells that it targets. Introduction! Signal transduction
- phosphatidylethanolamine - phosphatidylserine * phosphatidylinositol
Quantitative loss of individual eicosapentaenoylrelative to arac hidonoyl-contain i ng phospholipids in t hrom bin-st im ulated human platelets V. G. Mahadevappa and B. J. Holub Department of Nutritional
Lipids are broadly classified in to simple, complex and derived, which are further subdivided into different groups.
Paper No. 01 Paper Title: Food Chemistry Module -9: Classification of lipids Lipids are organic substances which are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. Lipids are not polymers and exist
BIOCHEMISTRY & MEDICINE:
BIOCHEMISTRY & MEDICINE: INTRODUCTION Biochemistry can be defined as the science of the chemical basis of life (Gk bios "life"). The cell is the structural unit of living systems. Thus, biochemistry can
Copyright is owned by the Author of this thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for research and private study
Copyright is owned by the Author of this thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for research and private study only. This thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without
TEST BANK FOR LEHNINGER PRINCIPLES OF BIOCHEMISTRY 6TH EDITION BY NELSON
Link full download: https://testbankservice.com/download/testbank-for-lehninger-principles-of-biochemistry-6th-edition-bynelson TEST BANK FOR LEHNINGER PRINCIPLES OF BIOCHEMISTRY 6TH EDITION BY NELSON
THE SITE OF STEROL AND SQUALENE SYNTHESIS IN THE HUMAN SKIN123
THE SITE OF STEROL AND SQUALENE SYNTHESIS IN THE HUMAN SKIN123 N. NICOLAIDES, PH.D. AND STEPHEN ROTHMAN, M.D. In earlier work (1) it was demonstrated that human scalp skin is an efficient organ for synthesizing
Membrane associated receptor transfers the information. Second messengers relay information
Membrane associated receptor transfers the information Most signals are polar and large Few of the signals are nonpolar Receptors are intrinsic membrane proteins Extracellular and intracellular domains
METABOLISM OF ACYLGLYCEROLS AND SPHINGOLIPDS. Ben S. Ashok MSc.,FAGE.,PhD., Dept. of Biochemistry
METABOLISM OF ACYLGLYCEROLS AND SPHINGOLIPDS Ben S. Ashok MSc.,FAGE.,PhD., Dept. of Biochemistry STORAGE AND MEMBRANE LIPIDS STORAGE LIPIDS Mainly as triacylglycerols (triglycerides) in adipose cells Constitute
Physiology of. The Blood hemostasis. By prof. Israa f. jaafar
Physiology of The Blood hemostasis By prof. Israa f. jaafar Learning objectives Understand the Platelet structure and function Explane the Platelet production Understand the phases of hemostasis: vascular
Lipid Chemistry. Presented By. Ayman Elsamanoudy Salwa Abo El-khair
Lipid Chemistry Presented By Ayman Elsamanoudy Salwa Abo El-khair 4 Objectives: 1. By the end of this chapter the student should be able to: define lipids. describe the biological importance of lipids.
*For complete material(s) information, refer to
Butler Community College Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math Division Robert Carlson New Fall 2017 Implemented Fall 2018 COURSE OUTLINE Biochemistry Course Description CH 275. Biochemistry. 4 hours