Chemical Effect on Concrete Concrete Treated with Penetron. Acetic Acid to 30% Disintegrates Slowly S/E. Acetone Liquid loss by penetration N/E

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1 PENETRON SYSTEMS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE/CORROSION CHART Symbols: = No Effect = Slight Effect E = Effected Chemical Effect on Concrete Concrete Treated with Penetron Acetic Acid to 30% Disintegrates Slowly Acetone Liquid loss by penetration Acid Waters Disintegrates Slowly. In porous or cracked Almond Oil Disintegrates Slowly Alum See Aluminum Sulfate Aluminum Sulfate less than 5% Aluminum Sulfate more than 5% Ammonia, Liquid Ammonia, Vapors Ammonium Bisulfate Ammonium Chloride Harmful only if it contains ammonium salts (See Below) May disintegrate moist concrete slowly or attack steel in porous or cracked moist concrete. Disintegrates Slowly. In porous or cracked Ammonium Cyanide Disintegrates Slowly

2 Ammonium Fluoride Disintegrates Slowly Ammonium Hydroxide Ammonium Nitrate Ammonium Sulfate Not harmful Ammonium Sulfide Disintegrates Ammonium Sulfite Disintegrates Ammonium Super- Phosphate Ammonium Thiosulfate Ashes Automobile and diesel gases Disintegrates Harmful if wet, when sulfides and sulfates leach out (see Sodium Sulfate) May disintegrate moist concrete by action of carbonic, nitric, or sulforous acid. Benzol (Benzene) Liquid loss by penetration Bleaching Solution See specific chemical, such as Hypochlorous Acid, Sodium Hypochlorite, Sulfurous Acid, etc. - Boric Acid Negligible Effect Brine Deteriorates Bromine Gaseous bromine disintegrates Liquid bromine dintegrates if it contains

3 hydrobromic acid and moisture Butyl Stearate Disintegrates Slowly Calcium Chloride In porous or cracked concrete, attacks steal. Steel corrosion may cause concrete to spall Calcium Hydroxide Not harmful Calcium Nitrate Not harmful Calcium Sulfate Carbazole Not harmful Carbon Tetrachloride Liquid loss by seepage Caster Oil Dinstegrates, especially when open to air Chlorine Gas Slowly disintegrates moist concrete Chrome Plating Solutions Chromic Acid 5% to 60% Cinders Coal Cobalt Sulfate Disintegrates Slowly Attacks steel in porous or cracked concrete Harmful if wet, when sulfides and sulfates leach out (see Sodium Sulfate) Sulfides leaching from damp coal may oxidize to sulforous or sulfuric acid, or ferrous sulfate

4 Copper Chloride Disintegrates Slowly Copper Plating Solutions Copper Sulfate Not harmful Copper Sulfide Harmful if it contains Copper Sulfate Creosol If Phenol present, disintegrates slowly Deicing Salts Harmful Ethyl Alcohol Liquid loss by penetration Ethyl Ether Liquid loss by penetration Ethylene Glycol Disintegrates Slowly Ferric Sulfate Disintegrates concrete Ferrous Sulfate Flue Gases Hot gases (400 to 100 degrees F) cause thermal stresses. Cooled, condensed sulfurous, hydrochloric acids disintegrate slowly Formaldehyde 37% Formic acid, formed in solution, dinsintegrates slowly Formalin See Forladehyde - Formic Acid 10% - 90% Fruit Juices Disintegrates Slowly Hydrofluric, other acids and sugar cause disintegration

5 Gas Water Ammonium salts seldom present in sufficient quantity to disintegrate Gasoline Liquid loss by penetration Glucose Disintegrates Slowly Glycerine Disintegrates Slowly Humic Acid Disintegrates Slowly Hydrochloric Acid 10% Hydrochloric Acid 30% Hydrofluoric Acid 10% Hydrofluoric Acid 75% Hydrogen Sulfide Hypochlorous Acid 10% Disintegrates rapidly, including steel Disintegrates rapidly, including steel Disintegrates rapidly, including steel Disintegrates rapidly Not harmful, but in moist, oxidizing environments converts to sulfurous acid (see text) disintegrates slowly Disintegrates Slowly E (very slowly) Iodine Disintegrates Slowly Kerosene Liquid loss by penetration of concrete Lactic Acid 25% Disintegrates Slowly Lamb Fat Lard and Lard Oil Solid fat disintegration slowly, melted fat mor rapidly Lard disintegrates slowly, lard oil more rapidly

6 Lignite Oils Lubricating Oils Machine Oil Magnesium Chloride If fatty oils ar present, disintegrates slowly If fatty oils ar present, disintegrates slowly If fatty oils ar present, disintegrates slowly Disintegrates Slowly. In porous or cracked Magnesium Nitrate Disintegrates Slowly Magnesium Sulfate Mercuric Chloride Disintegrates Slowly Mercurous Chloride Disintegrates Slowly Methyl Ethyl Ketone Liquid loss by penetration Methyl Alcohol Liquid loss by penetration Mine Water, Waste Sulfides, sulfates, or acids present disintegrate concrete and attack steel in porous or cracked concrete Muriatic Acid See Hydrochloric Acid - Nickel Plating Solutions Nickel Sulfate Nickel Ammonium Sulfate disintegrates slowly Nitric Acid 2%-40% Disintegrates rapidly E Olive Oil Disintegrates Slowly

7 Petroleum Oils more than 35 degrees Below Liquid loss by penetration Phenol Disintegrates Slowly Phosphoric Acid 10% Disintegrates Slowly Phosphoric Acid 85% Disintegrates Slowly Pickling Brine Attacks steel in porous or cracked concrete Pitch Not harmful Aluminum Sulfate Carbonate Chloride Harmless unless Sulfate present Magnesium chloride, if present attacks steel in porous or cracked concrete Cyanide Disintegrates Slowly Dichromate Hydroxide, 15% Hydroxide, 25% Hydroxide, 95% Permanganate Disintegrates Not harmful Disintegrates concrete Disintegrates concrete Harmless unless Sulfate present

8 Sea Water Sewage Silage Slaughterhouse Wastes, attacks steel in porous or cracked concrete Usually not harmful (See Hydrogen Sulfide) Acetic, Butyric, Lactic Acids (and sometimes fermenting agent of hydrochlorice or sulfuric acids) disintegrate fast Oraganic acids disintegrate Sodium Bicarbonate Not harmful Sodium Bisulfate Sodium Carbonate Not harmful, except to Aluminate Cement Not harmful, except to Aluminate Cement Sodium Chloride Attack in porous or cracked concrete Penetron will protect rebars Sodium Cyanide Disintegrates Slowly Sodium Hydroxide 1%-10% Sodium Hydroxide 20%-40% Not harmful Disintegrates concrete Sodium Nitrate Disintegrates Slowly Sodium Phosphate (monobasic) Disintegrates Slowly Sodium Sulfate Disintegrates concrete

9 Sodium Sulfide Disintegrates concrete Sodium Sulfite Sulfuric Acid 10%- 60% Sulfuric Acid 60%- 93% Sodium Sulfate, if present, disintegrates concrete Disintegrates rapidly Disintegrates rapidly E E Sulfurous Acid Disintegrates rapidly E Tannic Acid Disintegrates Slowly Tanning Liquor Disintegrates, if acid Tuluol (Toluene) Liquid loss by penetration Vegetables Disintegrates Slowly Wine Not harmful, necessary to prevent flavor contamination Xylol (Xylene) Liquid loss by penetration