Probiotics and IBS. Science and nature in balance

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1 Probiotics and IBS and nature in balance

2 My background Dr Ashton Harper MBBS, ibsc (Phys/Pharm), MRCS MD from University College London School of Medicine 5 years clinical experience in medical and surgical disciplines Special interest in gastrointestinal diseases Head of Medical Affairs at the UK s leading probiotic manufacturer Lead for clinical research at Protexin Facilitate the understanding & use of probiotics in clinical medicine

3 Why use probiotics?

4 Clinical outcomes - IBS 1793 patients were included from 24 clinical trials Abdominal pain score RR of responders probiotics vs placebo = 1.96 (P = 0.01) Global symptom score RR of responders probiotics vs placebo = 2.43 (P = 0.02) Adequate improvement of general symptoms in IBS RR probiotics vs placebo was 2.14 (P = 0.03) Probiotics reduce pain and symptom severity scores. The results demonstrate the beneficial effects of probiotics in IBS patients in comparison with placebo.

5 3406 patients 9 SRs and 35 RCTs 29 dose specific probiotic formulations 16 single strain RCTs 19 multi-strain RCTs

6 McKenzie et al Results 83% of RCTs improved at least 1 outcome measured Global symptoms 14 of 29 trials found a statistically significant improvement 65% multi-strain 35% single strain Clinically meaningful improvement in abdominal pain 8 of 35 trials 63% multi-strain trials 37% single strain trials QoL - 16/35 measured Only 2 of 16 found clinically meaningful improvement 100% multi-strain No reported serious adverse events GI AE in 1 RCT

7 Supplementation with a multistrain probiotic formulation (Bio-Kult ) in the management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome - a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled clinical trial (Completed awaiting publication) Male and female patients 18-55yrs Rome III diagnosis of moderate-severe IBS-D Exclusion of non-functional GI disease 4 months of intervention Monthly follow-up final at 5 months 2 capsules BD = 8 billion CFU/day of multi-strain formula (or cellulose placebo capsules with identical appearance)

8 Bio-Kult Advanced 2 billion microorganisms per capsule (1x10 10 CFU/gram) Guaranteed 2 year shelf-life 14 strains of live bacteria No refrigeration required Bifidobacterium bifidum PXN 23 Bacillus subtilis PXN 21 Bifidobacterium breve PXN 25 Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis PXN 63 Bifidobacterium infantis PXN 27 Streptococcus thermophilus PXN 66 Bifidobacterium longum PXN 30 Lactobacillus acidophilus PXN 35 Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus PXN 39 Lactobacillus casei PXN 37 Lactobacillus plantarum PXN 47 Lactobacillus rhamnosus PXN 54 Lactobacillus helveticus PXN 45 Lactobacillus salivarius PXN 57

9 Outcome measures and sample size Primary outcome: Abdominal pain (IBS-SSS) Secondary outcomes: Global symptom severity (IBS-SSS) QoL (IBS-QoL) 400 patients randomised: Minimum clinically important difference = 30% (based on SD from G. Sisson et al 2013) and accounting for attrition the adjusted sample size = 400 NB: mainly small and underpowered studies: Only 10/35 had total sample size >100 Only 3/35 >100 per arm Therefore ~75% were pilot studies

10 Assessing IBS symptoms IBS-Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS): 5 questions Covers: pain (x2), distension/bloating, bowel habit satisfaction and interference with life. IBS-Quality of Life (IBS-QoL) questionnaire: 34 items, each with a five-point response scale (1. Not at all 2. Slightly 3. Moderately 4. Quite a bit 5. Extremely) Cover 8 domains: Dysphoria, Interference with Activity, Body Image, Health Worry, Food Avoidance, Social Reaction, Sexual, Relationships

11 IBS pain results IBS pain severity decreased by 69% in the probiotic arm NB: IBS pain frequency decreased by >70% (7.7 per 10 days to 2.2 at month 5 vs 3.9 from 8.1 in placebo)

12 69% 66% 58%

13 Establishing clinically meaningful outcomes in IBS Internationally agreed symptom outcome measures are lacking! NB: placebo effect is 37.5% in pharmaceutical RCTs in IBS

14 Further results IBS-SSS: Significant benefit of probiotic over placebo at all time points Reduced by 145 points within 30 days (vs. 117 points in the placebo group) Reduced by 223 points by month 5 (vs. 157 points in the placebo group). Severity (moderate to severe) at end of follow-up: <14% probiotic 48% placebo

15 Conclusions Multi-strain probiotics have the most frequent success in IBS management Protexin have conducted the largest IBS-D probiotic trial to date If you have moderate to severe IBS-D taking Bio-Kult could: Improve the severity and frequency of your pain by ~70% Decrease distension by 2/3rds Cut trips to the loo by >50% Significantly boost your QoL

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