Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus isolated from pigs in Thailand
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1 Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus isolated from pigs in Thailand SujiraParchariyanon 1, RuttapongRuttanapumma 1, NobuhiroTakemae 2,3, Yasuaki Hiromoto 2,3, VimolJirathanawat 1, Tsuyoshi Hayashi 2,3, Yuko Uchida 2,3, TakehikoSaito 2,3 1 National Institute of Animal Health, Kasetklang, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand 2 ZoonoticDiseases Collaboration Center (ZDCC), Kasetklang, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand 3 Research Team for ZoonoticDiseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan OFFLU Technical Meeting November 2010 FAO HQ Rome, Italy Swine influenza viruses (SIVs) in Thailand Our previous study revealed that Thai SIVs isolated from 2000 to 2005were arose from multiple introductions of classical swine viruses, European avian-like swine viruses and human viruses (Takemae et al., 2008) 1
2 Dissemination of Pandemic 2009 (H1N1) virus in pigs Countries where Pandemic 2009 (H1N1) viruses were isolated from pigs until November It is important to keep the monitoring the SIVs in pig population for early detection of viruses newly generated by genetic reassortment. In this study To analyze the prevalence of swine influenza on pig farms in Thailand, six pig farms in Ratchaburi, Saraburi and Singburi provinces in Thailand were visited periodically from January 2008 to November Pandemic 2009 (H1N1) virus (Pdm2009v) was isolated from a farm in Saraburiprovince in November 2009 through this surveillance. Here, we report the introduction of pdm2009v into the affected farm to deepen our understanding of SIV ecology. 2
3 Surveillance point Central part of Thailand Saraburi Number of samples Pig Age Nasal swab Serum Sow 1y Fattening pig 12wk Bangkok 20km Weaned piglet 4-8wk Total Nasal swab Serum The farm affected by Pdm2009v Sampling period:june 2008 to November 2009 Virological analysis Seropositive rate Fattening house The farm affected by Pandemic 2009 (H1N1) virus Layout of piggeries in the affected farm Weaned piglets in farrowing house 50m Sampling Pig flow Mating house Farrowing house 3
4 Virus isolation Number of Pdm2009v isolated from different age groups in the affected farm Groups Sampling date 2008/6/16 * 2008/10/6 2009/1/ /7/3 2009/11/19 Sow ( 1y) Fattening pig (12wk) Weaned piglet (4-8wk) * Only nasal swabs were collected. Ten nasal swabs were collected from each group at every sampling. Serological analysis Comparison of sensitivity* between HI test using A/swine/Saraburi/NIAH /2009 (Pdm2009) and ELISA test of serums collected in November Groups HI test using 1% red blood cells(rbc) from Guinea pig Chicken ELISA test Sow 10/10 (160) 10/10 (113.1) 10/10 (0.77) # Fattening pig 10/10 (70) 8/10 (47.6) 2/10 (0.59) Weaned piglet 4/10 (40) 2/10 (28.3) 0/10 * Samples showing HI activity at 1:20 or higher and S/P ratio more than 0.4 were considered as positive in HI test and ELISA test, respectively. Number of positive/collected serum. Geometric mean of HI titers of positive serum was given in parenthesis. # Arithmetic mean of S/P ratio of positive serum in ELISA test. HI test using guinea pig RBC showed the highest sensitivity to antibody against Pdm
5 Phylogenetic tree of H1 genes A/California/06/2009(H1N1) A/swine/Alberta/OTH-33-8/2009(H1N1) A/California/05/2009(H1N1) A/Nonthaburi/102/2009(H1N1) A/Texas/05/2009(H1N1) A/Texas/04/2009(H1N1) A/Thailand/CU-H9/2009(H1N1) A/swine/Saraburi/NIAH /09(H1N1) Pandemic 2009 (H1N1) virus A/California/04/2009(H1N1) A/California/07/2009(H1N1) A/swine/Guangxi/13/2006(H1N2) A/swine/Indiana/P12439/2000 (H1N2) A/Turkey/MO/24093/1999(H1N2) A/swine/Indiana/9K035/1999 (H1N2) A/swine/MN/23124-S/2001(H1N2) A/swine/Illinois/100085A/2001 (H1N2) A/Swine/Ohio/891/2001(H1N2) A/swine/OH/511445/2007(H1N1) A/swine/MN/16419/2001(H1N2) A/swine/Korea/S11/2005(H1N2) A/swine/Korea/Hongsong2/2004(H1N2) A/swine/Korea/CY08/2007(H1N2) A/swine/Korea/PZ4/2006(H1N2) A/swine/North Carolina/93523/2001 (H1N2) A/swine/North Carolina/98225/2001(H1N2) A/swine/Minnesota/55551/2000 (H1N2) A/duck/NC/91347/2001(H1N2) A/swine/CO/17871/2001(H1N2) A/swine/Korea/CAS08/2005(H1N1) A/swine/Korea/CAN01/2004(H1N1) A/swine/Iowa/930/2001(H1N2) A/swine/MO/1877/2001(H1N2) A/swine/Korea/CY02/2002(H1N2) A/swine/MN/34893/2001(H1N2) A/swine/Wisconsin/464/1998(H1N1) A/swine/Wisconsin/136/1997(H1N1) A/swine/Wisconsin/238/1997(H1N1) A/swine/Zhejiang/1/2004(H1N2) A/swine/Shanghai/1/2007(H1N2) A/swine/Guangdong/2/2001(H1N1) A/swine/Shanghai/1/2005(H1N1) A/swine/MN/17138/2001(H1N2) A/swine/Wisconsin/457/1998(H1N1) A/swine/Wisconsin/163/1997(H1N1) A/Philippines/344/2004(H1N2) A/swine/Indiana/1726/1988(H1N1) A/swine/Ratchaburi/NIAH1481/2000(H1N1) A/swine/Ratchaburi/NIAH550/2003(H1N1) A/swine/Alberta/56626/2003(H1N1) A/swine/Ontario/57561/2003(H1N1) A/swine/Taiwan/CO935/2004(H1N2) A/swine/Nebraska/1/1992(H1N1) A/swine/Ontario/11112/2004(H1N1) A/swine/St-Hyacinthe/106/1991(H1N1) A/swine/Ontario/23866/2004(H1N1) A/swine/Ontario/53518/2003(H1N1) A/swine/Saraburi/NIAH13021/2005(H1N2) A/swine/Chachoengsao/NIAH587/2005(H1N1) A/swine/Chonburi/NIAH589/2005(H1N1) A/Thailand/271/2005(H1N1) A/swine/Chonburi/NIAH9469/2004(H1N1) A/swine/Chonburi/NIAH977/2004 (H1N1) A/swine/Miyazaki/1/2006 (H1N2) A/swine/Miyagi/5/2003(H1N2) A/swine/Saitama/1996 (H1N2) A/swine/England/283902/1993 (H1N1) A/swine/England/117316/1986 A/swine/Ehime/1/1980 (H1N2) A/swine/Hokkaido/2/1981 (H1N1) A/swine/Kentucky/1/1976(H1N1) A/swine/New Jersey/11/1976(H1N1) A/swine/Tennessee/25/1977(H1N1) A/swine/Minnesota/24/1975(H1N1) A/swine/Kyoto/3/1979 (H1N1) A/swine/Niigata/1/1977 (H1N1) A/swine/Iowa/4/1976(H1N1) A/swine/Wisconsin/2/1966(H1N1) A/swine/Wisconsin/1/1957(H1N1) A/swine/Wisconsin/1/1961(H1N1) A/swine/Illinois/1963(H1N1) Classical swine Human 0.05 Avian Conclusion This study demonstrated that: First confirmation of pandemic 2009 (H1N1) virus in a pig farm in Thailand. Human to pig transmission was suspected because the affected farm have never introduced pigs from other farms since
6 Thank You For Your Attention 6
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