Self-declaration on the recovery of freedom from highly pathogenic avian influenza by Malaysia

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Self-declaration on the recovery of freedom from highly pathogenic avian influenza by Malaysia Declaration sent to the OIE on 17 December 2018 by Dr Quaza Nizamuddin Bin Hassan Nizam, OIE Delegate

1 Self-declaration on the recovery of freedom from highly pathogenic avian influenza by Malaysia Declaration sent to the OIE on 17 December 2018 by Dr Quaza Nizamuddin Bin Hassan Nizam, OIE Delegate for Malaysia, Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Malaysia consists of two main lands separated by the South-China Sea: the Peninsular Malaysia (bordering Thailand in the north and Singapore in the south) and the East Malaysia (the northern part of Borneo island bordering Indonesia in the south and Brunei in the north). Peninsular Malaysia has experienced four highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) events. The first event was reported in a flock of free-range chickens in the village of Pasir Pekan, Kelantan on 19 August The location of the outbreak in Kelantan was 22 km far from the border with Thailand. The second HPAI event occurred in the states of Penang, Perak and Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur in 2006, whereas the third event occurred in the state of Selangor in The fourth event occurred in the state of Kelantan in On 7 September 2007, Malaysia self-declared freedom from HPAI in poultry in accordance with the provisions of Article of the Terrestrial Animal Health Code (2006 edition) through the submission of its follow-up report N 2 (final report) to the OIE World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS). However, after approximately 10 years free from HPAI in Malaysia, the disease reemerged in February 2017 in Kota Bharu, Kelantan state. In July 2017, Malaysia once again selfdeclared freedom from HPAI. The location of previous HPAI outbreaks is shown in Figure 1. 1

2 Figure 1. Location of previous outbreaks of HPAI, Peninsular Malaysia, On 4 August 2018, HPAI subtype H5N1 was confirmed by Veterinary Research Institute (VRI) in Sabah state located in East Malaysia. The outbreak marked the first case of HPAI in a commercial poultry farm in the eastern region of Sabah and had spread to 7 villages in Tuaran district of Sabah state. In 2017, Malaysia had a population of about 308 million chickens and 9.7 million ducks. Peninsular Malaysia exports live chickens, chicken products and eggs to other countries, especially to Singapore. Sabah state exports day-old-chicks to Brunei. The object of this report is to self-declare the recovery of freedom from HPAI by Malaysia. II. CHRONOLOGY AND SUMMARY OF THE HPAI OUTBREAKS IN KELANTAN STATE The HPAI outbreak started on 27 July 2018 when DVS Sabah received a report of high mortality in a commercial layer farm namely Foh Lim Agricultural Development Sdn Bhd in Kampung Kauluan, Tamparuli, Tuaran district, Sabah state. Disease investigation has been conducted and samples (cloacal swab and blood) have been collected and confirmed positive on 04 August The premises were declared infected and the culling of poultry within one kilometer (1 km) radius from the infected area began on the 04 August As of 24 August 2018, there were 7 locations detected with positive HPAI H5N1 subtype in Tuaran District in Sabah state which involved 7 villages. Figure 2 shows affected locations in Tuaran District in Sabah State. 2

Figure 2. Locations of HPAI outbreaks in Sabah state, Malaysia, 2018 All 7 outbreaks were detected through an active surveillance and sampling programme (cloacal swab samples).

Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Kota Kinabalu (MDVK).

3 Figure 2. Locations of HPAI outbreaks in Sabah state, Malaysia, 2018 All 7 outbreaks were detected through an active surveillance and sampling programme (cloacal swab samples). Samples from Foh Lim Agricultural Development Sdn Bhd were confirmed positive by the VRI, Ipoh, Perak and University Malaysia Sabah (UMS) while samples for the other 6 outbreaks were confirmed by Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Kota Kinabalu (MDVK). This epidemiological event affected both the commercial poultry farms and free-range chickens in the first infected area, whilst the other 6 infected areas were restricted only to free-range chickens within the district of Tuaran on the west coast of Sabah. Since the final disinfection on 15 September 2018, there have been no new detected outbreaks of HPAI in poultry in Sabah state or in other states in Malaysia. Malaysia managed to contain, control and eradicate HPAI in its territory within 43 days. Annex 1 provides a summary and chronology of the HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in the 7 locations in Sabah state. III. CONTROL MEASURES The Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry Malaysia, through the Department of Veterinary Services (DVS) Malaysia is responsible for the implementation of control measures in response to an outbreak of avian influenza in Sabah. All control measures were enacted under the Animal Acts (Revised 2006), the Malaysia Veterinary Protocol (PVM) for HPAI and in line with OIE s recommendations. The control and eradication of HPAI in Malaysia is guided by the Manual for the Control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza. This manual includes a preparedness plan, management of operation centre and public communications, destruction and disposal of birds, compensation and evaluation, investigation and sampling, testing and confirmation, legislation and enforcement, staff and workers safety. A summary table of Malaysia HPAI Control and Eradication Policy is provided in Annex 2. The emergency response includes four phases; an alert phase, a mobilization and activation phase, an eradication and surveillance phase, and finally a recovery phase. For risk management purposes and to implement control measures and eradication strategies, three zones were established (Figure 3). The first zone was the Affected Zone that consisted of all 7 affected 1 Animal Acts Available at: 3

villages in Tuaran district, Sabah State. The second zone was the Control/Protected Zone which included Kota Kinabalu, Penampang, Tambunan, Ranau and Kota Belud districts.

4 villages in Tuaran district, Sabah State. The second zone was the Control/Protected Zone which included Kota Kinabalu, Penampang, Tambunan, Ranau and Kota Belud districts. The third zone was the Free Zone which was composed of all the other districts in Sabah, Labuan, Sarawak and Peninsular Malaysia. The area located between 2-5km radius from the foci was the active clinical surveillance with sampling, whereas the area located between 5-10 km radius from the foci was the active clinical surveillance area. Control/ Protected zone (district bordering affected zone): 1. Kota Kinabalu 2. Penampang 3. Tambunan 4. Ranau Free zone: All district which is not bordering the affected zone and other states including Labuan, Sarawak and Peninsular Malaysia. Affected zone consisting of 7 villages: 1. Kg. Kauluan 2. Kg. Telibong 3. Kg. Laputong 4. Kg. Kebayau 5. Desa Sri Taman Laya-Laya 6. Kg. Ladang Tenghilan 7. Kg. Raganan, Kiulu Figure 3. Overview of the HPAI Affected Zone, Control/Protected Zone and Free Zone, District of Sabah, Malaysia, 2018 A stamping out policy was applied to all poultry within 1km radius of the HPAI affected foci. No movement of domestic birds was permitted in and out from the Affected and Protected Zone (1 km radius). In addition, movement of birds from Sabah state to other states and districts was prohibited and road blocks were enforced in the Affected Zone along the borders of Tuaran district by DVS officers with assistance from the police department. Other steps taken by the DVS included: i. Immediate culling of birds on infected premises or farms, followed by cleaning and disinfection of all infected premises or farms after the destruction process was completed. ii. iii. iv. Implementation of a 1 km Control or Protected Zone around the infected premises or farms. In these zones, all flocks were depopulated (including high risk contact premises or farms). Annex 3 provides reports on culling and disinfection in response to the outbreaks in Sabah state. Implementation of 9 km surveillance area around the Control or Protected Zone to detect the spread of the virus. Within these zones, clinical inspection and sampling (cloacal swabs) were performed on the flocks using systematic random sampling. Intensification of public awareness campaigns for poultry owners and the general public. v. Movement controls were imposed by restricting movement in and out of the infected premises or farm. vi. Establishment of disinfection points for vehicles moving in and out of the infected premises. 4

5 vii. viii. Vaccination for HPAI is prohibited in Malaysia. Provision of commensurate and timely compensation to poultry owners for culled birds and destroyed eggs. In response to the outbreaks, a total of 34,674 birds and 4903 eggs were destroyed, involving a total of 313 premises. In addition, a total of 91 public awareness campaigns were conducted involving a total of 749 participants. Eight interceptions of unauthorized movements involving different species of birds and bird products have been registered and relevant confiscation was applied. IV. HPAI SURVEILLANCE TO PROVE DISEASE FREEDOM Surveillance system means a method of surveillance that may involve one or more component activities that generates information on the health or disease status of animal populations. In general, surveillance is aimed at demonstrating the absence of disease or infection, determining the presence or distribution of disease or infection or detecting as early as possible exotic or emerging diseases. Avian influenza surveillance programme has been carried out intensively throughout the country including in Tuaran district. There were 24,652 samples collected in 2017 including 3402 village chickens and quails, 10,106 broiler chickens, 35 wild birds, 7819 ducks, 1540 swiftlets and 1750 birds from pet shops. The ongoing surveillance programme to demonstrate freedom from disease is described below: 4.1 Clinical detection and notification Malaysia conducts a clinical surveillance and sampling programme for Avian Influenza annually. Avian influenza is a notifiable disease in accordance with the Animal Act 1953 (Revised 2013) and Animal Enactment 2015 (Sabah). It is mandatory for bird owners to immediately notify the Veterinary Authority of any suspected case of avian influenza virus, any birds showing clinical signs of AI, or any symptoms such as increase in daily mortality. Section 40 (1) of the Animal Enactment 2015 (Sabah) states that If a veterinary surgeon or registered medical practitioner has reason to believe that any animal or bird may be infected, or any animal product, bird product or carcass may be contaminated with, or any person may be infected with any notifiable disease, as the case may be, such veterinary surgeon or registered medical practitioner shall immediately notify the nearest veterinary authority or officer in charge of a police station and Section 40 (4) states that Any veterinary surgeon or registered medical practitioner [who] contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. The HPAI outbreak operation in Tuaran district started on 4 August In this operation, the DVS Sabah has worked closely with the DVS Malaysia, Ministry of Health, farmers and other stakeholders. Farmers and other stakeholders should report any clinical signs and mortality rates higher than 3 percent per day in poultry. Through the surveillance program and awareness campaign, farmers were persuaded to notify any suspicious cases including sick or dead poultry in their flocks to the nearest DVS office. The DVS will immediately conduct a disease investigation and clinical examination. Samples from the affected farms or premises are taken and sent to the MDVK for screening and to the VRI, the Malaysian Veterinary Reference Laboratory for detection of AI virus for confirmation. After cleaning and final disinfection of the last foci, all new HPAI suspicions were investigated, samples were collected and the results were found to be negative for avian influenza (August September 2018). Annex 4 shows results of passive surveillance for HPAI in Sabah state and other states in Malaysia (January - November 2018). 5

6 4.2. Virological surveillance In Malaysia, an active surveillance programme was conducted using stratified random sampling. This involves clinical observation and collection of cloacal swabs for virological testing. This nationwide surveillance is conducted at minimum of once per year. The surveillance activities cover poultry farms, duck farms, pet birds, quail farms, backyard farms and pet shops. The number of cloacal swab samples collected for active surveillance is based on the Cannon and Roe 1982 table, at 95% probability level with expected prevalence rate of 10%. Surveillance sampling to substantiate HPAI freedom was conducted throughout the surveillance area, in other non-affected districts within Sabah state, and in other states in Malaysia including Labuan, Sarawak and Peninsular Malaysia (January-November 2018). Annex 5 provides the test results of cloacal swab samples collected through active surveillance for HPAI in Malaysia from January to November 2018). Sample collection and handling were performed in accordance with OIE standards. A total of 19,745 cloacal swab samples were collected in all states in Malaysia (including Sabah state). All samples in Peninsular Malaysia and Labuan were sent to the national reference laboratory, VRI Ipoh, whilst samples from Sarawak were sent to Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Sarawak (MDVS) for avian influenza virus detection. The laboratory results showed all samples were negative for avian influenza. Additionally, for Sabah, 100 samples were taken from first round of post outbreak surveillance and 129 samples from second round of post outbreak surveillance (Table 7, 8). The 2 rounds of sampling within the surveillance zone (2-5km radius from the foci) were done randomly with 95% confidence to detect disease at 5% prevalence in a poultry population that was estimated at less than All samples were sent to the MDVK for avian influenza virus detection. All samples were processed for virus isolation in embryonated chicken eggs and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses for avian influenza were used to detect the virus. The results were negative for avian influenza virus. V. Measures for maintenance of status Malaysia has an ongoing policy of importing poultry only from countries or zones which are free from HPAI, and continues to be vigilant against illegal import activities and maintains a close working relationship with other relevant agencies. Poultry farms in the affected area were not allowed to restock until 90 days lapsed from the last date of depopulation and disinfection. Poultry farms were also advised to increase biosecurity measures especially on the bird proofing to prevent future infection from wild birds. Compartmentalization has also been considered to prevent loses from future outbreak. VI. Malaysia experiences in dealing with HPAI outbreak Malaysia has gained valuable experience from 4 previous episodes of HPAI in Peninsular Malaysia. From these HPAI events, DVS Malaysia has developed an expertise in controlling the outbreaks. This is evidenced by the decreasing amount of time required to eradicate the disease in each subsequent outbreak of Avian Influenza. During the first outbreak in 2004, it took 276 days to control and eradicate the disease. In 2006, 2007 and 2017, it took 124 days, 95 days and 24 days, respectively to contain, control and eradicate the disease. Malaysia is proud to say that this is a good achievement. The recent HPAI event in Sabah was the first case in East Malaysia and managed to control and eradicate the outbreaks within 43 days. Malaysia was privileged to have the confidence of other ASEAN member countries by being appointed the Chairman of ASEAN Task Force on HPAI. This confidence was reflected in the selection of Malaysia 6

7 as the host country for Third Country Training Program (TCTP) for the Training Program on Diagnosis of Avian Influenza at Source in South East Asia Region and Training Program and Workshop on Policy and Strategy in Prevention, Control and Eradication of Avian Influenza in Southeast Asia Region jointly organized by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), the Malaysian Technical Cooperation Program (MTCP) and Department of Veterinary Services Malaysia. In addition, Malaysia is honoured to be selected as the first host country for the ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Animal Health and Zoonoses (ACCAHZ). The ACCAHZ office is expected to be operationalised in this near future. This will be the platform for cooperation and coordinating among ASEAN Member States, in the efforts to enhance prevention, control and eradication of HPAI in ASEAN. A recognition of the Malaysian Veterinary Research Institute (VRI), Ipoh as the ASEAN Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza will further enhance Malaysia s capacity to carry out rapid and accurate diagnosis of HPAI and its effectiveness in eradicating future outbreaks. VII. CONCLUSION Therefore, taking into account: - the information presented about the surveillance programme and the control and eradication activities, - the fact that Malaysia has maintained its freedom of infection from avian influenza viruses since 15 September 2018, and - the provisions of Article of the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code (2018 edition), The Delegate of Malaysia to the OIE declares that Malaysia is free from infection with high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in poultry, as of 15 December

8 VIII. ANNEXES ANNEX 1 Table 1. Summary and chronological of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in Tuaran District, State of Sabah, Malaysia, August, Foci Confirmation date Location of Cases 1 4 August 2018 Kg. Kauluan, Tuaran (VL: 1253/18) N 06 o E 116 o August 2018 Kg. Telibong, Tuaran (VL: 1338/18) N 06 o E 116 o August 2018 Kg. Laputong, Tuaran (VL: 1423/18) N 06 o E 116 o August 2018 Kg. Kebayau, Tuaran (VL: 1426/18) N 06 o E 116 o August 2018 Desa Sri Taman, Kg. Laya- Laya, Tuaran (VL: 1533/18) N 06 o E 116 o August 2018 Kg. Ladang Tenghilan (VL: 1572/18) N 06 o E 116 o August 2018 Kg. Raganan, Kiulu, Tuaran (VL: 1544/18) N 06 o E 116 o No. of susceptible birds No. of cases (birds) No. of death birds No. of destroyed birds Species affected Type of samples Date of completion of stamping out and disinfection Layer chicken Pool Organs 14 August Village chicken Pool Organs 15 August Village chicken Pool Organs 16 August Village chicken Pool Organs 24 August Village chicken Pool Organs 15 September Duck Pool Organs 8 September Village chicken Pool Organs 1 September

9 ANNEX 2 Table 2. HPAI control and eradication policies, Malaysia Parameter Policy Eradication/Control method Case definition Stamping-out Detection of HPAI virus subtype H5 or H7 (w/wo CS) in bird population Confirmation test RT-PCR, RRT-PCR conducted by Veterinary Research Institute, Ipoh, Malaysia Compensation Infected Premise (IP) Control/Protected zone Surveillance zone Commensurate and timely compensation (poultry, ducks, birds, eggs) Premise that confirmed HPAI 1 km radius around the Infected Premises (IP) (stamping out) 9 km radius around the control/protected zone. Quarantine enforced for 42 days. Surveillance strategy Surveillance zone: Intensive clinical and virological (2X) within 42 days Free zone : passive and active surveillance (clinical and virological) Freedom declaration Vaccination 3 months after final disinfection Prohibited 9

10 ANNEX 3 - CULLING AND DISINFECTION REPORT IN RESPONSE TO THE HPAI OUTBREAK IN TUARAN, SABAH (UNTIL SEPTEMBER 23, 2018) Table 3. Status of culling and disinfection in 1 km radius (farms) in Tuaran District, Sabah, Malaysia, 2018 NO LOCATION Kg. Kauluan 12,139 3,500 Kg. Dangsangai 17,851 - Kg. Kebayau, Telipok. STATUS OF CULLING AND DISINFECTION IN 1 KM RADIUS TOTAL NO. OF TOTAL NO. DATE OF CULLING BIRDS OF EGGS AND DISINFECTION REMARKS STATUS PERCENTAGE Completed 100 % Completed % Completed 100 % Completed 100 % Total 30,431 3,627 10

11 Table 4. Status of culling and disinfection in 1 Km Radius (Village Area) in Tuaran District, Sabah, Malaysia, August September, 2018 STATUS OF CULLING AND DISINFECTION IN 1 KM RADIUS REMARKS NO. LOCATION NO. OF NO. OF DATE OF CULLING AND BIRDS EGGS DISINFECTION STATUS PERCENTAGE 1 Kg. Tambulaung Completed 100% 2 Kg. Dangsangai Completed 100% 3 Kg. Bukit Giling Completed 100% 4 Kg. Telibong Completed 100% 5 Kg. Bukit Giling, Kauluan Completed 100% 6 Kg.Kauluan Completed 100% 7 Kg. Telibong Completed 100% 8 Kg. Nohirot Completed 100% 9 Kg. Guakon Completed 100% 10 Kg. Laputong Completed 100% 11 Kg. Tamparuli Completed 100% 12 Kg. Kionsom Baru Completed 100% 13 Kg. Guakon Completed 100% 14 Kg. Kebayau, Telipok Completed 100% 15 Kg. Tamalang, Telipok Completed 100% 16 Kg. Raganan, Kiulu Completed 100% 17 Kg. Nawoi, Kiulu Completed 100% 18 Kg. Talungan, Telipok Completed 100% 20 Kg Linsuk, Ladang Estate Tenghilan Completed 100% 21 Kg. Laya-Laya, Tuaran Completed 100% 22 Kg. Lok Batik, Tuaran Completed 100% 23 Kg. Kiansom Lama, Tamparuli Completed 100% Total

12 ANNEX 4 Table 5. HPAI Passive Surveillance, Malaysia, January- November 2018 State Location District Date Birds group No. of birds Type of Test result sampled sample Sabah Dangsangai Farm Tuaran Chicken 6 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus ( During Sri Tawau Farm Tuaran Chicken 1 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Outbreak) Kampung Telibong, Tamparuli Tuaran Village chicken 2 Carcasses Positive for AI virus Dangsangai Farm Tuaran Chicken 2 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus STF Agricultural Sdn Bhd/Farm Tuaran Chicken 1 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Lot 20, Taman Olimpia, Tamparuli Tuaran Other bird 0 No sampling None (autolysed) Kg Telibong, Tamparuli Tuaran Village chicken 1 Carcasses Positive for AI virus Kg Kiwoi Tuaran Chicken 1 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Kg. Logub Tuaran Village chicken 3 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg Telibong, Kiulu Tuaran Village chicken 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Loputung Tuaran Village chicken 1 Carcasses Positive for AI virus Kg. Bundu Tohuri Tuaran Chicken 2 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Kapa Tuaran Village chicken 0 No sampling None (autolysed) Kg. Wasai Noluhun Tuaran Village chicken 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Taginambur Pekan Nabalu Tuaran Village chicken 3 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Kg. Loputong Tuaran Village chicken 2 Carcasses Positive for AI virus Kg. Taginambur Pekan Nabalu Tuaran Village chicken 0 No sampling None (autolysed) Kg. Nadau Pekan Nabalu Tuaran Village chicken 0 No sampling None (autolysed) Kg. Bungalio Tuaran Village chicken 1 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Taman Sinar Jaya Tuaran Tuaran Other bird 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Rambai Tuaran Village chicken 3 Carcasses, cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus 12

13 Desa Sri Taman Laya Laya Tuaran Village chicken 3 Carcasses Positive for AI Virus SRJK St. Philip, Tamparuli Tuaran Wild Bird 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Tonggitan, Kapa Tuaran Chicken 2 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Raganan, Kapa Tuaran Chicken 2 Carcasses Positive for AI Virus Desa Sri Taman Laya Laya Tuaran Village Chicken 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Sekolah Pendidikan Khas, Tuaran Other bird 0 No sampling None Telipok. (Kg. Nongkolud) (no birds) Foh Lim Agriculture, Kg. Dungang Tuaran Other bird 6 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Perak Sabah SK Pendidikan Khas Tuaran, (Kg. Tuaran Other bird 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Nongkolud) Foh Lim Agriculture, Kg. Dungang Tuaran Other bird 2 Carcasses, Negative for AI Virus cloacal swab Kg. Kiansom Baru Tuaran Other bird 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Langkason, Mangkaladoi, Tuaran Village Chicken 3 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Tamparuli Kg. Kiwoi, Tamparuli Tuaran Chicken 10 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Selupah, Tuaran Tuaran Village chicken 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Rangalau Lama, Kiulu Kg. Tagas, Tuaran Tuaran Chicken 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Kg. Kiansom Lama, Tamparuli Tuaran Chicken 1 Carcasses Negative for AI Virus Lorong 3, Kl Pak Dolah, Kamunting Ducks 15 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Kamunting No 21 & 22 Manjung Swiftlet 1 Bird Nest Negative for AI Virus Jalan Desa Koh 3 Pusat Menyelamat Hidupan Liar Batang Duck 4 Pool organ Negative for AI Virus Kebangsaan Padang Bird 10 Pool organ Negative for AI Virus 26, Kg Sg Ular, Kg Kepayang, Ipoh Kelantuan Papar C/O Dr. Nilson, Kimanis, Papar Bird 4 Pool organ Negative for AI Virus Kinta Duck 2 Pool organ Negative for AI Virus Papar Papar Chicken 1 Pool organ Negative for AI Virus Chicken 1 Pool organ Negative for AI Virus 13

14 Terengganu Chicken 19 Organ Negative for AI Virus Kg. Bkt. Marak Kelantan Kg.Gaung Pasir Mas Duck 5 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Pulau Pinang Swiftlet 20 Bird nest Negative for AI Virus Jabatan Kastam Di Raja Malaysia SPU Penaga SPU Bird 4 Pool Organ Negative for AI Virus No.221 Blok K, Mukim 12 Batu Barat Daya Chicken & Bird 12 Pool Organ Negative for AI Virus Maung, Bayan Lepas Kedah Baling Baling Chicken 35 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Johor Lot 4899, Kluang Chicken 36 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus 4990 Jalan Kubur Cina, Kayu ara Pasong Pontian Chicken 15 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Bandar baru uda Johor Village Chicken 41 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Bharu Kg. Pt Hj Abdul Pontian Village Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus WP. Labuan Jabatan Perkhidmatan Veterinar Labuan Chicken 1 Pool organ Negative for AI Virus Labuan Perlis PPV Padang Besar Perlis Bird 2 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Melaka Melaka Duck 20 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Jln Tun Kudu Tengah Melaka Bird 5 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Klinik Kesihatan Tengah Selangor Jalan Kapar Kelang Chicken 5 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Lot 2602 Batu 5 Kelang Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Pahang F. Mayam Bera Quail 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Kg. Sri Chempaka Kuantan Village Chicken 20 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Tg. Gemok Rompin Village Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Duck 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Kuala Rompin Rompin Other birds 1 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Permatang Badak Kuantan Other birds 5 Cloacal swab Negative for AI Virus Sarawak Satoyama Farm Sdn Bhd Kuching Chicken 13 Organs Negative for AI virus Wet Market Miri Miri Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus 14

15 Indoor Stadium Miri Miri Swallow 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Satoyama Farm Sdn Bhd Kuching Chicken 7 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Rh. Lawas, Sarikei Sarikei Village chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Sarikei Sarikei Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Daerah Sarikei Sarikei Village chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Tiong Ing Toh, Sarikei Sarikei Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Sarikei Sarikei Chicken 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Boon Teck Bird Nest Trading Kuching Swiflets 2 Bird nest Negative for AI virus King Guan Seafoods Kuching Swiflets 2 Bird nest Negative for AI virus Syarikat Susanto Kuching Swiflets 2 Bird nest Negative for AI virus Satoyama Farm Sdn Bhd Kuching Chicken 4 Organs Negative for AI virus Boon Teck Bird Nest Trading Kuching Swiflets 2 Bird nest Negative for AI virus Indoor Stadium Miri Miri Swallow 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Miri Miri Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Pelita Commercial center Miri Miri Swallow 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Miri Miri Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Pelita Commercial center Miri Miri Swallow 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Miri Miri Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Boon Teck Bird Nest Trading Kuching Swiflets 2 Bird nest Negative for AI virus Chung Siaw Kang Kuching Merbuk 5 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Chung Siaw Kang Kuching Merpati 5 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Pelita Commercial center Miri Miri Swallow 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Miri Miri Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Yap Tze Siung Kuching Village chicken 4 Organs Negative for AI virus Indoor Stadium Miri Miri Swallow 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Miri Miri Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Satoyama Farm Sdn Bhd Kuching Chicken 4 Organs Negative for AI virus Hoe Hup Farm Serian Chicken 3 Organs Negative for AI virus Lenet Ak Munjang, Selenpong Lop Sri Aman Village chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Chai Kim Poh, Sg. Tebelian Sri Aman Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Tay Buan chuang Sri Aman Village chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Liew Seng Hong Sri Aman Village chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus 15

16 Nori Ak Kereton Saratok, Betong Swiflets 5 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Lau Pau Sin Sarikei Swiflets 5 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Ling How Ong Mukah Swiflets 5 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Wong Sing Ming Miri Swiflets 5 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Chai Kuet Choi Miri Swiflets 5 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Indoor Stadium Miri Miri Swallow 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Miri Miri Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Indoor Stadium Miri Miri Swallow 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Miri Miri Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Lawas, Hj. Puasa Pandim Limbang Swiflets 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus QL Livestock Farming Sdn. Bhd. Kuching Chicken 30 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Wet Market Miri Miri Chicken 10 Cloacal swab Negative for AI virus Indoor Stadium Miri Miri Swallow 10 Feacal swab Negative for AI virus WP. Kuala Lumpur No suspected cases of HPAI reported Negeri Sembilan Total

17 ANNEX 5 Table 6. Active surveillance in surveillance zone and in other division in Sabah State (During Outbreak), Malaysia, 2018 BIRD GROUP NUMBER OF BIRD SAMPLED IN SURVEILLANCE ZONE OF INFECTED DIVISION IN SABAH TUARAN DISTRICT IN WEST COAST NO. OF POSITIVE SAMPLE NO. OF NEGATIVE SAMPLE OTHER DISTRICT IN WEST COAST NUMBER OF BIRD SAMPLED IN OTHER DIVISION IN SABAH KUDAT SANDAKAN TAWAU INTERIOR NO. OF POSITIVE SAMPLE NO. OF NEGATIVE SAMPLE TOTAL NO. OF SAMPLE TAKEN Chicken Village chicken Ducks Quails Swiftlets Other birds TOTAL

18 Table 7. Active surveillance in surveillance zone (First round for post outbreak), District of Sabah, Malaysia,October, 2018 BIRD GROUP NUMBER OF BIRD SAMPLED IN SURVEILLANCE ZONE OF INFECTED DISTRICT TUARAN, WEST TOTAL RESULTS COAST Chicken Negative for AI Virus Village chicken Negative for AI Virus Ducks 9 9 Negative for AI Virus Quails Swiftlets Other birds TOTAL Table 8. Active surveillance in surveillance zone (Second round for post outbreak), Malaysia, November 2018 BIRD GROUP NUMBER OF BIRD SAMPLED IN SURVEILLANCE ZONE OF INFECTED DISTRICT TUARAN, WEST TOTAL RESULTS COAST Chicken Negative for AI Virus Village chicken Negative for AI Virus Ducks Negative for AI Virus Quails Swiftlets Other birds Negative for AI Virus TOTAL The 2 rounds of sampling within the surveillance zone (2-5km radius from the foci) were done randomly with 95% confidence to detect disease at 5% prevalence in poultry population that was estimated less than Even though the number of samples required is approximately 67, the number of samples was increased to 100 and 129 in first and second round respectively, to increase the chances of detection. 18

19 BIRD GROUP Table 9. Nation-wide active surveillance for HPAI in other states in Malaysia, January November, 2018 Terengg anu Pahang Johor Melaka Negeri Sembilan Number of Bird sampled in each states Selangor Perak Pulau pinang Kedah Perlis WP KL WP Labuan Kelantan Chicken Village Chicken,Quails Ducks Swiftlet Migrator y Bird Pet Shop Other birds Total Sarawak Total Result Negative for AI Virus Negative for AI Virus Negative for AI Virus Negative for AI Virus Negative for AI Virus Negative for AI Virus Negative for AI Virus 19

CONTROL OF HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA (HPAI) AT SOURCE IN MALAYSIA. Dr Rohaya Mohd Ali. DVS.

1 CONTROL OF HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA (HPAI) AT SOURCE IN MALAYSIA Dr Rohaya Mohd Ali. DVS rohaya@dvs.gov.my AVIAN INFLUENZA RNA, species of influenza A virus. Genus:Influenzavirus A and Family: